1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58The European Standard EN 15097:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 65.060.35Irrigation tec
2、hniques Localised irrigation Hydraulic evaluationBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 15097:2006BS EN 15097:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 49758 5Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comme
3、ntscontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 15097:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrus
4、ted to Technical Committee AGE/30, Irrigation and drainage equipment.A list of organizations represented on AGE/30 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 15097Novembe
5、r 2006ICS 65.060.35English VersionIrrigation techniques - Localised irrigation - Hydraulic evaluationTechniques dirrigation - Irrigation localise - EvaluationhydrauliqueBewsserungsverfahren - rtliche Bewsserung -Hydraulische FestlegungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 September 2006
6、.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on ap
7、plication to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has
8、the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania
9、,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwi
10、de for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15097:2006: EEN 15097:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Basic data for the evaluation4 4.1 General data of the farm .4 4.2 Localised irrigation system data5 4.3 Farm-unit features .5 5 Data to be
11、 collected for the evaluation5 6 Test procedure.6 7 Equipment needed.8 8 Blank data forms8 Bibliography 16 EN 15097:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15097:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 334 “Irrigation Techniques”, the secretariat of which is held by AENOR. This European
12、Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standar
13、ds organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard : Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Rom
14、ania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 15097:2006 (E) 4 1 Scope The purpose of this Standard is to describe a localised irrigation hydraulic system and to specify a method to determine the uniformity in water distribution for each installation to be evaluated in
15、the field. This document applies to localised irrigation systems. It does not cover management practices. This paper defines the methodology to be applied in the farm localised irrigation system evaluation. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the applicati
16、on of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13635:2001, Irrigation techniques Localised irrigation systems Terminology and data to be supplied by the m
17、anufacturer 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 13635:2001 and the following apply. 3.1 emission uniformity coefficient expressed as a percent relating the minimum rate of discharge to the average rate of discharge per plant 3.2 f
18、low rate uniformity coefficient expressed as a percent relating to the minimum flow rate of an emitting device to the average flow rate of the emitting device 4 Basic data for the evaluation 4.1 General data of the farm The following data should be known before the evaluation: a) situation plan; b)
19、topographical map; c) owner; d) farm name; e) location; f) date of evaluation. EN 15097:2006 (E) 5 4.2 Localised irrigation system data The following data should be known before the evaluation: a) manufacturer or installer; b) age of installation; c) water supply; d) pipe installation: diameter and
20、material; e) emitters: type and point spacing; f) pump station; g) filtration system; h) fertilization equipment; i) flow-rates and pressures control systems; j) automatic control systems; k) design layout. 4.3 Farm-unit features The following data should be known before the evaluation: a) geometric
21、 characteristics; b) topographic characteristics: slope. 5 Data to be collected for the evaluation The following data should be known before the evaluation: a) water pressure at the control head, filters and pressure regulators; b) water pressure at the inlet of the irrigation block, sub-mains and l
22、aterals; c) emitters flow-rate; d) wetted area; e) head-losses in the tested laterals; f) clogging of the emitters; g) check irrigation control head, filters, other pieces and automatic control systems. EN 15097:2006 (E) 6 6 Test procedure The test shall be carried out under usual working conditions
23、. The procedure shall be the following: Choose a subunit (SR) that is typical for conditions over the whole irrigated area and, if it is possible, representative of the installation. Select another subunit if the topographical or hydraulic conditions vary greatly. This subunit should represent the h
24、ardest conditions (e.g. steep gradient, gradients exceeding 5% and reverse gradients in case of long laterals). Locate four laterals within the test sub-unit (SR) block. Laterals shall be located as indicated: first lateral, near the inlet; the second lateral, at 1/3 of the distance from the inlet;
25、the third lateral, at 2/3; and the last lateral, near the outer end; four emitters, e1, en/3, e2n/3 and en, shall be selected from the n emitters along each lateral, following the same criteria: first emitter, near the inlet; the second emitter, at 1/3; the third emitter, at 2/3; and the last emitte
26、r, near the outer end (see the layout). The total number of specimens shall be 16. Measure the volume of water discharged from the emitters for a number of full minutes to obtain a volume between 100 ml and 250 ml for each plant. Measurements shall be carried out using a graduated test tube. Take pr
27、essure values at the emitters e1and enlocated at the inlet and the outlet of the selected laterals. Measure the minimum pressures in the pipes which are connected to the laterals of the subunits. Calculate the emission uniformity of the test subunit (CUST), from the following formula: 100(%)%25=qqCU
28、ST (1) where %25q is the average low quarter rate of discharge per emitter, in l/h; q is the average rate of discharge per emitter in the test block, in l/h. EN 15097:2006 (E) 7 Determine the discharge correction factor (f) of tested block by the following formula: xPPf=min%25(2) where %25P is the a
29、verage of the lowest quarter rate of minimum pressure measured at the blocks of the irrigated area, in bar; minP is the average rate of minimum pressure measured at the blocks of the irrigated area, in bar; x is the emitter discharge exponent. Using the measurements of the four emitters previously u
30、sed, calculate the emitter discharge exponent by the following formula: =2121loglogppqqx(3) where 1q is the average of discharge per emitter measured at pressure P1, in l/h; 2q is the average of discharge per emitter measured at pressure P2, in l/h; p1and p2are enclosed in the working pressure range
31、, in bar. The emission uniformity of the irrigation sector (CU) can be approximated by: fCUCUST=(4) EN 15097:2006 (E) 8 7 Equipment needed Pressure gauge. “T” adapters. Punch with extractor. Collectors. Chronometer. Funnel. Graduated cylinder with 500 ml capacity and 2 ml accuracy. Graduated cylinde
32、r with 250 ml capacity and 2 ml accuracy. Graduated cylinder with 150 ml capacity and 1 ml accuracy. Measuring tape. 8 Blank data forms For the purpose of this standard, the following data sheet may be reproduced. EN 15097:2006 (E) 9 I. GENERAL DATA OF THE FARM 1. Situation plan 2. Topographical map
33、 3. Owner . 4. Farm name . 5. Location 6. Evaluation date . EN 15097:2006 (E) 10 II. INSTALLATION DATA 1. Manufacturer or installer . 2. Age of installation . 3. Water supply - Farm turnout assembly (FTA) from community network - Flow rate (l/h) - Wells - River intake - Pool - Others (specify) - Pie
34、zometric level (m). - Volume (m3) - Distance between farm and river, well, - Static pressure (bar). - Dynamic pressure (bar). 4. On-farm pumping station - Is there an on-farm pumping station yes no - Number of pumps - Type. - Flow rate range. - Pressure range. - Power. - Type of energy. - Type of en
35、gine. - Under shelter yes no EN 15097:2006 (E) 11 5. Irrigation control heads Components Number Trademark Type Diameter (mm) Flow-rate (m3/h) Observations Non-return Valve Centrifugal Separator Filters Fertilisation device Downstream pressure regulator Main valve Water meter Safety valve EN 15097:20
36、06 (E) 12 Pressure gauge Air realise valve Automation Others Add sketch and a picture if it is possible EN 15097:2006 (E) 13 III. FARM-UNIT FEATURES 1. Geometric characteristics Number of blocks Shapes Dimensions Number of lines 2. Topographic characteristics: slope Number of blocks Average value of
37、 the slope (%) EN 15097:2006 (E) 14 IV. DATA OF THE TESTED BLOCK Lateral Emitter number Pressure P (bar) Volume V (l) Flow-rate q (l/h) First 1 P1= V1= q1= 2 34 P4= V4= q4= 1/3 5 P5= V5= q5= 6 78 P8= V8= q8= 2/3 9 P9= V9= q9= 10 11 12 P12= V12= q12= Last 13 P13= V13= q13= 14 15 16 P16= V16= q16= =%2
38、5q =q CUST= % =%25p =minp X = f = CU = CUST x f = . % EN 15097:2006 (E) 15 V. EMITTER EXPONENT Flow-rates Emitter number To pressure 1 To pressure 2 1 2 3 4 Mean flow-rate X = VI. MINIMUM BLOCK PRESSURE Block number Minimum pressure (bar) EN 15097:2006 (E) 16 Bibliography 1 Merriam, J.L. and Keller,
39、 J. 1978. Farm irrigation system evaluation: A guide for management. blankBS EN BSI389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4AL15097:2006BSI British Standards InstitutionBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the
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