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2、emperatures and of load and energy for buildings with room conditioning systemsICS 91.140.30Ventilation for buildings Calculation of room BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 15243:2007BS EN 15243:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/09/2008 07:29, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIThis British St
3、andard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 55433 9Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsRHE/2, Ventilation for buildings, heating and hot water services.A list of organizations represented on thi
4、s committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis Br
5、itish Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15243:2007.With respect to the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) requirements, attention is drawn to the text of the fourth paragraph of the EN foreword. This recognizes at the present time that, if there is a conflict, existing national r
6、egulations take precedence over any requirements set out in this standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 15243August 2007ICS 91.140.30English VersionVentilation for buildings - Calculation of room temper
7、atures andof load and energy for buildings with room conditioning systemsSystmes de ventilation des btiments - Calcul de latemprature des pices, de la charge et de lnergie pourles btiments quips de systme de climatisationLftung von Gebuden - Berechnung derRaumtemperaturen, der Last und Energie fr Ge
8、budenmit KlimaanlagenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 July 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibl
9、iographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of
10、 a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
11、 Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-10
12、50 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15243:2007: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/09/2008 07:29, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15243:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword. 6 Introducti
13、on 7 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references . 9 3 Terms and definitions. 10 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 13 5 General approach 15 6 Room temperature calculation without room conditioning system 17 6.1 Choice of rooms 17 6.2 Calculation method. 17 6.3 Boundary conditions 17 6.3.1 Climatic data 17 6.3.2 In
14、ternal loads. 17 6.3.3 Window opening . 17 6.3.4 Acceptable comfort conditions . 17 7 Room cooling load calculation 17 7.1 Basic sensible room cooling load calculation. 17 7.2 System dependent sensible room cooling load calculation 17 7.3 Latent room cooling load calculation . 18 7.4 Boundary condit
15、ions 18 7.4.1 Definition of room conditions (temperature, humidity, tolerances) 18 7.4.2 Climatic data 18 7.4.3 Internal loads. 18 7.4.4 Ventilation rates 18 8 Room heating load calculation 18 8.1 Calculation procedure 18 8.2 Climatic data 18 8.3 Ventilation rates 18 9 Room based equipment sizing 19
16、 10 Zone load calculation . 19 11 System heating and cooling load calculation 19 12 Central system equipment sizing 19 13 Room and building energy calculation. 19 13.1 General. 19 13.2 Humidification and dehumidification energy demand 19 13.3 Relation to system energy calculation methods . 20 14 Sys
17、tem energy calculation. 21 14.1 General approach 21 14.1.1 System structure and boundaries. 21 14.1.2 Energy calculation structure . 21 14.1.3 Calculation methods. 24 14.1.4 HVAC System Overview . 25 14.2 Required functionality of detailed and simplified calculation methods 27 14.2.1 General. 27 14.
18、2.2 General principles and reporting of procedure . 27 14.2.3 Verification of building and HVAC system calculation methods. 28 BS EN 15243:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/09/2008 07:29, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15243:2007 (E) 3 14.2.4 Calculation procedures: Informa
19、tion in other standards . 38 14.3 Simplified system losses and energy demand calculation methods 39 14.3.1 General remarks 39 14.3.2 Emission losses 39 14.3.3 Emission auxiliary energy demand calculation. 40 14.3.4 Calculation of cold water distribution. 40 14.3.5 Humidification and dehumidification
20、 energy demand 40 14.3.6 Cold generation and chiller energy performance 40 14.3.7 Example calculation procedures. 40 14.4 Detailed system losses and energy demand calculation method . 40 14.4.1 General remarks 40 14.4.2 Climatic data 40 Annex A (informative) Best procedure for design process41 Annex
21、 B (informative) Proposed procedure for choice or typical rooms for temperature calculation . 43 Annex C (informative) System overview 44 Annex D (informative) Schematic relationship between HVAC system energy procedure, building energy demand calculations, data and outputs . 51 Annex E (informative
22、) Example simplified system losses and energy demand calculation methods . 60 E.1 Example 1 (Dutch proposal) 60 E.1.1 Emission losses 60 E.1.2 Distribution losses 60 E.1.3 Storage losses. 64 E.1.4 Generation efficiency and energy consumption . 64 E.1.5 HVAC system annual energy consumption . 66 E.2
23、Example 2 (German proposal) . 67 E.2.1 Scope 67 E.2.2 Method 67 E.2.3 Application for the territory of federal republic of Germany 68 E.2.4 Specific guide values 73 E.2.5 Energy demand for air transport . 79 E.2.6 Conversion and calculation of specific values 79 E.2.7 Example . 83 E.3 Example 3: Mon
24、thly HVAC system cooling energy calculations using degree-day methods . 85 E.3.1 Theory 85 E.3.2 Worked example 89 Annex F (informative) EDR Verification of building and installation calculation methods. 93 F.1 Introduction . 93 F.1.1 General. 93 F.1.2 Brief description of EDR. 93 F.1.3 How to obtai
25、n the attest (quality certificate) 95 F.1.4 Importance of EDR 96 F.1.5 Relations: EDR, CEN, ISO, IEA HVAC BESTEST etc. 96 F.2 Method description. 96 F.2.1 General. 96 F.2.2 Functionality Matrix 97 F.2.3 Masks . 98 F.2.4 Reference/Test cases . 98 F.2.5 Results of reference cases should fall within ce
26、rtain ranges 98 F.2.6 Example of the Functionality Matrix . 98 F.2.7 Example: Mask generation of cold. 102 F.3 EDR Calculation method for reference values. 103 F.3.1 Introduction . 103 F.3.2 Centre of the reference area 103 F.3.3 Structure of the reference area 103 F.3.4 Size of the reference area (
27、bandwidth). 103 BS EN 15243:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/09/2008 07:29, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15243:2007 (E) 4 F.3.5 Examples . 104 Annex G (informative) Example values for emission losses 105 G.1 Zones including several groups 105 G.2 Control accuracy. 106 An
28、nex H (informative) Calculation of latent energy demand . 107 H.1 Presentation 107 H.2 Application for hourly calculation. 108 Annex I (informative) Example Calculation of Seasonal Efficiency of Cold Generators and Chillers in Air Conditioning Systems 111 I.1 Introduction . 111 I.2 Theory 111 I.2.1
29、The objective . 111 I.2.2 Combination of load frequencies and part-load performance measurements. 112 I.2.3 Seasonal performance indices 113 I.2.4 Calculation of representative EIRs 113 I.2.5 Multiple chillers . 113 I.2.6 Calculations for systems 113 I.3 Practical application . 114 I.3.1 Background
30、. 114 I.3.2 Simplification of load frequency data . 115 I.3.3 Approximation of chiller performance data . 116 I.4 Illustrative example of estimation of seasonal EER 118 I.4.1 General. 118 I.4.2 Load frequency distributions 118 I.4.3 Combined chiller performance 119 I.4.4 Mapping the chiller ratings
31、on to the load frequency . 120 I.5 Example for calculated part-load-values 123 Annex J (informative) Auxiliary energy for cooling-water and cold-water distribution 127 J.1 Electrical energy demand 127 J.1.1 General. 127 J.1.2 Electrical energy demand of distribution . 129 J.2 Hydraulic energy demand
32、 for distribution . 130 J.2.1 General. 130 J.2.2 Pressure head at the design-rating operating point . 131 J.2.3 p approximation values 132 J.2.4 Pump operating times 133 J.2.5 Mean distribution load 134 J.2.6 Correction factor fAbgl for hydraulic adjustment 135 J.3 Demand coefficients. 136 J.3.1 Gen
33、eral. 136 J.3.2 Efficiency factor feof the pump 136 J.3.3 Correction factor fAdapfor adaptation 137 J.3.4 Pump power adaptation during operation 137 J.3.5 Switching of individual pumps in parallel-pump installations. 138 J.4 Other auxiliary energy demands (auxiliary drives) . 138 J.4.1 Pump heating
34、registers 138 J.4.2 Pumps and drives for heat recovery. 138 J.4.3 Water humidifier pumps. 139 J.4.4 Electrical energy demand for central HVAC unit controls 140 J.5 Guideline for calculating the electrical energy demand of cooling-water and cold-water distribution systems 140 J.5.1 General. 140 J.5.2
35、 Specific volume flow in the distribution circuit . 141 J.5.3 Pressure head pZat the design-rating operating point. 141 J.5.4 Annual pump operating times ld,t . 143 J.5.5 Specific electrical power of distribution. 143 J.5.6 Electrical energy demand of distribution . 143 BS EN 15243:2007Licensed Copy
36、: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/09/2008 07:29, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15243:2007 (E) 5 Annex K (informative) Thermal and dehumidification distribution losses in cooling systems 145 K.1 Cooling for the HVAC system 145 K.2 Cooling energy supply for space cooling 146 Annex L (informa
37、tive) Auxiliary energy use by terminals 148 L.1 Energy demand for space cooling fans. 148 Annex M (informative) Auxiliary energy demand, heat rejection. 149 M.1 Calculation. 149 M.2 Partial-load index values of heat rejection systems . 152 Bibliography . 154 BS EN 15243:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin,
38、ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/09/2008 07:29, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15243:2007 (E) 6 Foreword This document (EN 15243:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156 “Ventilation for buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the sta
39、tus of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2008. This standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and
40、the European Free Trade Association (Mandate M/343), and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2002/91/EC on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD). It forms part of a series of standards aimed at European harmonisation of the methodology for the calculation of the energy performance o
41、f buildings. An overview of the whole set of standards is given in CEN/TR 15615, Explanation of the general relationship between various CEN standards and the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) (“Umbrella document“). Attention is drawn to the need for observance of EU Directives transp
42、osed into national legal requirements. Existing national regulations with or without reference to national standards, may restrict for the time being the implementation of the European Standards mentioned in this report. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this documen
43、t may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Aus
44、tria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15
45、243:2007Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 11/09/2008 07:29, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15243:2007 (E) 7 Introduction Clauses 13 and 14 of this standard deal with the calculation of the energy demand of HVAC systems, specifically in connection with the Energy Performance Rating
46、 in connection with the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive. The calculation of the building energy demand that has to be met is dealt with in prEN ISO 13790 “Thermal Performance of Buildings Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling“ this information is input data for the proced
47、ures addressed in this standard. Calculation methods satisfying this standard may also be used for other purposes, (for example, for system sizing). These are covered by Clauses 1 to 12 of the standard. Users of calculation methods should exercise care in ensuring that the need for appropriate modif
48、ications are considered and, if necessary, implemented for other applications. The standard has an unusual large portion of informative annexes in terms of number and size. This is due to the fact that the area covered by this standard is highly dependent on the system solutions, which exist in a la
49、rge number of variations, and therefore many issues can only be shown in an exemplary way and experts in the different countries would not agree in putting this generally in normative way. Also, due to the different approaches taken in the different countries for the implementation of the EPBD, different solutions should be possible in parallel and the normative part can only be general. Nevertheless, the standard intends to give room for documentation of specific solutions, in order to provide information in enough depth, to make common parts and differe
