1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15359:2011Solid recovered fuels Specifications and classesBS EN 15359:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15359:2011.
2、 Itsupersedes DD CEN/TS 15359:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/17, Solid biofuels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all t
3、he necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 67493 8ICS 75.160.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strate
4、gy Committee on 30 November 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 15359:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15359 November 2011 ICS 75.160.10 Supersedes CEN/TS 15359:2006English Version Solid recovered fuels - Specifications and classes Combustibles sol
5、ides de rcupration - Spcification et classes Feste Sekundrbrennstoffe - Spezifikationen und KlassenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 October 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
6、 the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, F
7、rench, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgar
8、ia, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR S
9、TANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15359:2011: EBS EN 15359:2011EN 15359:2011 (E) 2
10、 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .64 Symbols and abbreviations 85 Principles 86 Requirements and declaration of conformity .97 Classification 98 Compliance rules 108.1 Compliance rules for classification 108.2 Compliance rules for speci
11、fication . 129 Specifications 129.1 General . 129.2 Properties obligatory to specify 139.3 Properties non-obligatory to specify 13Annex A (normative) Template for the specification of solid recovered fuels 15Annex B (informative) Fuel preparation . 18Annex C (informative) Template for declaration of
12、 conformity . 19Annex D (informative) Examples of establishing of compliance with SRF classification 20D.1 Calculation of the median and 80 percentile . 20D.2 Compliance with SRF classification . 20Bibliography . 24BS EN 15359:2011EN 15359:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15359:2011) has been p
13、repared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 343 “Solid recovered fuels”, the secretariat of which is held by SFS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2012, and conflicting national stand
14、ards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2012. This document supersedes CEN/TS 15359:2006. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this docu
15、ment may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document differs from CEN/TS 15359:2006 mainly as follows: a) it has been clarified that SRF still is a waste destined to be incinerated in combustion and co
16、-combustion plants covered by the Directive 2000/76/EC on waste incineration (WID); b) in the scope NOTE 1 concerning solid biofuels has been modified; c) the references to community legislation have been updated; d) the terminology has been brought into line with EN 15357; e) the classification sys
17、tem in Clause 7 has been furnished with clarifying examples and notes so also the compliance rules in Clause 8; f) the period of which a laboratory sample shall be kept has been expressed more precisely; g) a way to calculate the emission factor has been added in 9.3 (Properties non-obligatory to sp
18、ecify); h) a new Annex D (informative) has been added in which is demonstrated how to calculate the statistical means for different production volumes; i) the whole document has been editorially revised. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the f
19、ollowing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, S
20、lovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 15359:2011EN 15359:2011 (E) 4 Introduction The objective of this document is to provide unambiguous and clear classification and specification principles for solid recovered fuels (SRF). The document aims at serving as a tool to
21、 enable efficient trading of SRF, promoting their acceptability on the fuel market and increasing the public trust. The document will facilitate a good understanding between seller and buyer, facilitate purchase, transborder movements, use and supervision as well as a good communication with equipme
22、nt manufacturers. It will also facilitate authority permission procedures and ease the reporting on the use of fuels from renewable energy sources and on other environmental issues. SRF are produced from non hazardous waste. The input waste can be production specific waste, municipal solid waste, in
23、dustrial waste, commercial waste, construction and demolition waste, sewage sludge etc. It is thus obvious that SRF are a heterogeneous group of fuels. A well defined system for classification and specification is therefore of great importance to reach the above mentioned objectives and intentions.
24、This document covers all types of SRF and will thus have a wide field of application. The purpose of producing a solid recovered fuel is to use it for energy generation at the highest possible energy efficiency. SRF can according to Article 6 of the Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EC) cease to be
25、 waste at Community or national level if certain criteria are fulfilled. Until such legal decisions are taken SFR can be used in plants covered by the Directive 2000/76/EC. This document describes the compliance rules which SRF has to meet to be classified according to the classification system. It
26、also describes how the supplier can establish a declaration of conformity to the different EN standards for SRF. Figure 1 illustrates a simplified flow chain for SRF, from input of waste to end use of SRF. This document has an interface to all the stages in the chain, but SRF classification and spec
27、ification are applicable at the point of delivery as shown in the figure. Requirements for how the input waste is collected and how to use the fuel are not part of this document. BS EN 15359:2011EN 15359:2011 (E) 5 Figure 1 Solid recovered fuels chain The EN Standard on specifications and classes is
28、 applicable at the point of delivery 1 Scope This document specifies a classification system for solid recovered fuels (SRF) and a template for the specification of their properties. SRF are produced from non-hazardous waste. NOTE 1 Waste referred to in article 2(2)(a), points (i)-(v) of the Waste I
29、ncineration Directive (2000/76/EC) is not included in the scope of this document. This is covered by CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels“. Waste wood from demolition of buildings and civil engineering installations is, however, included in the scope. NOTE 2 Untreated municipal solid waste is not included in
30、the scope of this document. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies
31、. EN 15357:2011, Solid recovered fuels Terminology, definitions and descriptions EN 15400, Solid recovered fuels Determination of calorific value EN 15403, Solid recovered fuels Determination of ash content EN 15408, Solid recovered fuels Methods for the determination of sulphur (S), chlorine (Cl),
32、fluorine (F) and bromine (Br) content EN 15411, Solid recovered fuels Methods for the determination of the content of trace elements (As, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Tl, V and Zn) BS EN 15359:2011EN 15359:2011 (E) 6 CEN/TS 15414-1:2010, Solid recovered fuels Determination of
33、moisture content using the oven dry method Part 1: Determination of total moisture by a reference method CEN/TS 15414-2:2010, Solid recovered fuels Determination of moisture content using the oven dry method Part 2: Determination of total moisture by a simplified method EN 15414-3, Solid recovered f
34、uels Determination of moisture content using the oven dry method Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample EN 15415-1, Solid recovered fuels Determination of particle size distribution Part 1: Screen method for small dimension particles EN 15442, Solid recovered fuels Methods for sampling 3 Terms
35、and definitions For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15357:2011 and the following apply. NOTE The terms and definitions 3.1 to 3.16 are identical with the ones given in EN 15357. 3.1 classification grouping of solid recovered fuels into classes NOTE The classes are
36、 defined by boundary values for chosen fuel characteristics to be used for trading as well as for information of permitting authorities and other interested parties. 3.2 combined sample sample consisting of all the increments taken from a lot NOTE The increments may be reduced by division before bei
37、ng added to the combined sample. 3.3 component part of portion of a solid recovered fuel that can be separated by hand or by using simple physical means 3.4 composition break down of a solid recovered fuel by types of components e.g. wood, paper, board, textiles, plastics, rubber 3.5 delivery agreem
38、ent contract for fuel trade, which specifies e.g. origin and source, quality and quantity of the fuel, as well as delivery terms 3.6 increment portion of fuel extracted in a single operation of the sampling device ISO 13909:2001 BS EN 15359:2011EN 15359:2011 (E) 7 3.7 laboratory sample part of the s
39、ample sent to or received by the laboratory NOTE 1 When the laboratory sample is further prepared (reduced) by subdividing, mixing, grinding, or by combinations of these operations, the result is the test sample. When no preparation of the laboratory sample is required, the laboratory sample is the
40、test sample. A test portion is removed from the test sample for the performance of the test or for analysis. NOTE 2 The laboratory sample is the final sample from the point of view of sample collection but it is the initial sample from the point of view of the laboratory. NOTE 3 Several laboratory s
41、amples may be prepared and sent to different laboratories or to the same laboratory for different purposes. When sent to the same laboratory, the set is generally considered as a single laboratory sample and is documented as a single sample. 3.8 lot defined quantity of fuel for which the quality is
42、to be determined NOTE 1 See also sub-lot. ISO 13909:2001 3.9 net calorific value calculated value of the energy of combustion for unit of mass of a fuel burned in oxygen in calorimetric bomb under such conditions that all water of the reaction products remains as water vapour at 0,1 MPa NOTE 1 The n
43、et caloric value can be determined at constant pressure or at constant volume. The net calorific value at constant pressure is however the generally used. NOTE 2 See also calorific value and gross calorific value. 3.10 point of delivery location specified in the delivery agreement, at which the prop
44、rietary rights of and responsibility for a fuel are transferred from one organization or unit to an other 3.11 producer organization or unit responsible for the production of the fuel NOTE The producer can also be the supplier of the fuel. 3.12 solid recovered fuel solid fuel prepared from non-hazar
45、dous waste to be utilised for energy recovery in incineration or co-incineration plants and meeting the classification and specification requirements laid down in this European Standard NOTE “Prepared” here means processed, homogenised and up-graded to a quality that can be traded amongst producers
46、and users. 3.13 specification document stating requirements EN ISO 9000:2005 BS EN 15359:2011EN 15359:2011 (E) 8 3.14 specification of solid recovered fuels specification for the properties characterising a solid recovered fuel NOTE A template for such specification is given in Annex A. 3.15 sub-lot
47、 part of a lot for which a test result is required 3.16 sub-sample portion of a sample NOTE 1 A sub-sample is obtained by procedures in which the items of interest are randomly distributed in part of equal or unequal size. NOTE 2 A sub-sample may be either a portion of the sample obtained by selecti
48、on or division of the sample itself, or the final sample of a multistage sample preparation. 3.17 supplier organization or unit that provides the fuel 4 Symbols and abbreviations The symbols and abbreviations used in this European Standard comply with the SI system of units as far as possible. Item
49、Symbol Abbreviation net calorific value qp,net NCV gross calorific value qV,gr GCV as received ar dry basis d particle diameter d 5 Principles The classification system is based on three important characteristics, referred to the main SRF characteristics: an economic characteristic (net calorific value), a technical characteristic (chlorine content) and an environmental characteristic (mercury content). The characteristics are chosen to give a stakeholder an immediate but simplified picture
