1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15415-1:2011Solid recovered fuels Determination of particle sizedistributionPart 1: Screen method for small dimensionparticlesBS EN 15415-1:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational fo
2、rewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15415-1:2011.It supersedes DD CEN/TS 15415:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/17, Solid biofuels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on req
3、uest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 71118 3ICS 75.160.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Stan
4、dard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 15415-1:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15415-1 September 2011 ICS 75.160.10 Supersedes CEN/TS 15415:2006Engli
5、sh Version Solid recovered fuels - Determination of particle size distribution - Part 1: Screen method for small dimension particles Combustibles solides de rcupration - Dtermination de la distribution granulomtrique - Partie 1: Mthode de criblage pour des particules de petites dimensions Feste Seku
6、ndrbrennstoffe - Bestimmung der Partikelgrenverteilung - Teil 1: Siebverfahren fr kleine Partikel This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 July 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the
7、 status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, Frenc
8、h, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
9、Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STAND
10、ARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15415-1:2011: EBS EN 15415-1:2011EN 15415-1:2011 (E)
11、 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definitions .44 Principle 45 Apparatus .55.1 Sieve 55.1.1 General 55.1.2 Minimum sieve area .55.1.3 Number and size of the sieves .55.2 Collecting pan 55.3 Flat brush 55.4 Mechanical oscillating equipment .55.5 Balance .66 Sampl
12、ing and sample preparation .67 Procedure .77.1 General 77.2 Manual sieving .77.3 Mechanical sieving 98 Calculation of results 99 Precision .910 Test report . 10Bibliography . 11BS EN 15415-1:2011EN 15415-1:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15415-1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee C
13、EN/TC 343 “Solid recovered fuels”, the secretariat of which is held by SFS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
14、 latest by March 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TS 15415:2006. EN 15415, Solid rec
15、overed fuels Determination of particle size distribution, consists of the following parts: Part 1: Screen method for small dimension particles; Part 2: Maximum projected length method (manual) for large dimension particles (draft standard); Part 3: Method by image analysis for large dimension partic
16、les (draft standard). This document differs from CEN/TS 15415:2006 mainly as follows: a) large pieces with irregular shape definitely excluded from the scope; b) whole document editorially revised. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followi
17、ng countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovaki
18、a, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15415-1:2011EN 15415-1:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the determination of particle size distribution of solid recovered fuels by a machine or manual sieving method. It applies to particulate agglomerated and
19、non-agglomerated fuels, such as fluff, pellets, briquettes, pulverised solid recovered fuels. This sieving method is not applicable to large pieces with irregular shape such as the pieces of shredded tyres or of demolition wood. In the case, of large pieces of irregular shape, prEN 15415-2 and prEN
20、15415-3 are applicable. NOTE 1 For fine particles 3,15 mm, it is recommended to use sieves with hole diameters of 3,15 mm, 6,3 mm, 12,5 mm, 25 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm and 125 mm, and for solid recovered fuels 125 Manual sorting 100 to 125 1stsieve (50 mm) 50 to 100 2ndsieve (25 mm) 25 to 50 3rdsieve (12,5
21、 mm) 12,5 to 25 4thsieve (6,3 mm) 6,3 to 12,5 5thsieve (3,15 mm) 3,15 to 6,3 Collecting pan 125 mm) Number of overlong (100 mm to 125 mm) Length of longest particle overall, in millimetres (if required) Difference between the total mass of test portion and the total mass of all fractions (column 4),
22、 in percent of the total test portion Moisture content of the sample, in percent Raw or air-dried sieving Manual or machine sieving Metal wire cloth or perforated metal plate Trade form (e.g. fluff, pellets, briquettes) NOTE 1 For smaller sieves, it can be convenient to combine two or more sieves in
23、 the same sieving operation. Ensure that the sieves (particularly the lower sieves) do not clog because of a too great mass on the upper sieve. If a sieve is mostly or entirely clogged, decrease the mass of the sub-samples such that there is no clogging on any sieves and repeat the test. NOTE 2 In m
24、any cases, it is useful to identify the greatest particle (maximum dimension) and record it in a scheme according to Table 1. The information on the longest particle can be required for computing the median particle size or for illustrating the results in a cumulative size distribution curve. BS EN
25、15415-1:2011EN 15415-1:2011 (E) 9 When classifying size by sieving, some of the thin particles longer than the hole diameter will pass through the sieve and mix with the particles in the smaller size fractions. Most of these particles remain in that fraction. Only particles greater than 100 mm (maxi
26、mum dimension) shall be manually sorted as specified above. 7.3 Mechanical sieving Assemble and operate the mechanical shaking device with the appropriate sieve sizes with decreasing aperture size ending with the collecting pan. Weigh the sample to the nearest 0,1 g. Spread the sample (sub-sample) i
27、n an even layer on the top sieve and start the sieving operation. Weigh the retained net material on each sieve and in the collecting pan to the nearest of 0,1 g. In the case that a particle sticks in a sieving hole, it shall be removed and added to the fraction, which has remained on the sieve (as
28、if it did not pass the hole). All particles greater than 100 mm (maximum dimension) shall be manually classified into one or more fractions regardless of which sieve or collecting pan they are collected in. In this case, the size is defined as maximum length of the particle. Record the mass of each
29、fraction in a scheme according to Table 1. Ensure that the sieves (particularly the lower sieves) do not clog because of a too great mass on the upper sieve. If a sieve is mostly or entirely clogged, decrease the mass of the sub-samples such that there is no clogging on any sieves and repeat the tes
30、t. When classifying size by sieving, some of the thin particles longer than the hole diameter will pass through the sieve and mix with the particles in the smaller size fractions. Most of these particles will remain in that fraction. Only particles greater than 100 mm (maximum dimension) shall be ma
31、nually sorted as specified above. NOTE 1 In many cases, it is useful to identify the largest particle (maximum dimension) and record it in a scheme according to Table 1. The information on the longest particle can be required for computing the median particle size or for illustrating the results in
32、a cumulative size distribution curve. NOTE 2 During the sieving operation, particularly fine particles can stick to the edge of the sieves due to static electricity. Since this problem is mostly connected to the intensity of the mechanical shaking operation, it should be taken into consideration in
33、a separate pre-test for each equipment and solid recovered fuel sample materials. Grounding the sieves using a copper wire can reduce the problem with static electricity. 8 Calculation of results The results shall be expressed as a percentage of the total mass of all fractions. If more than one samp
34、le (sub-sample) is processed, the mass of the respective fractions shall be added up before calculating the overall percentage of each class. An example of this procedure is shown in Table 1. The difference between the total mass of test portion and the total mass of all fractions shall be less than
35、 2 %. Larger differences can occur due to lost or retained particles or due to changes in moisture content. In this case, the causes for the deviation shall be investigated and the measurement repeated. In case this is impossible or the result still deviates more than accepted, this shall be reporte
36、d. 9 Precision Because of the varying nature of solid recovered fuels covered by this document, it is not possible at the present time to give a precision statement (repeatability or reproducibility) for this test method. BS EN 15415-1:2011EN 15415-1:2011 (E) 10 10 Test report The test report shall
37、include at least the following information: a) name of the testing establishment; b) date of the test; c) a reference to this European Standard, i.e. EN 15415-1; d) identification of the product or sample tested; e) test results as shown in Table 1; f) if the difference of 2 % between the total mass
38、 of test portion and the total mass of all fractions, in percent, of the total test portion according to Table 1, column (4), has been exceeded, it shall be clearly stated and, if necessary, founded why the test has not been repeated; g) any deviation from this European Standard; h) any unusual feat
39、ures observed during the determination which may affect the result and details of any operations not included in this European Standard or regarded as optional. BS EN 15415-1:2011EN 15415-1:2011 (E) 11 Bibliography 1 EN 15149-1, Solid biofuels Determination of particle size distribution Part 1: Osci
40、llating screen method using sieve apertures of 1 mm and above 2 prEN 15415-2, Solid recovered fuels Determination of particle size distribution Part 2: Maximum projected length method (manual) for large dimension particles 3 prEN 15415-3, Solid recovered fuels Determination of particle size distribu
41、tion Part 3: Method by image analysis for large dimension particles 4 ISO 565, Test sieves Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings 5 ISO 2395, Test sieves and test sieving Vocabulary 6 ISO 13320:2009, Particle size analysis Laser diffraction methods
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