1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16602-70-29:2014Space product assurance Determination of offgassingproducts from materials andassembled articles to be usedin a manned space vehicle crewcompartmentBS EN 16602-70-29:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of
2、EN 16602-70-29:2014. It supersedes BS EN 14100:2001 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ACE/68, Space systems and operations.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication
3、does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 84599 4 ICS 49.140 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from le
4、gal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 16602-70-29 October 2014 ICS 49.140 S
5、upersedes EN 14100:2001 English version Space product assurance - Determination of offgassing products from materials and assembled articles to be used in a manned space vehicle crew compartment Assurance produit des projets spatiaux - Dtermination des produits de dgazage sous atmosphre pour les mat
6、riaux et lments assembls utiliss dans le poste dquipage dusatellite habit Raumfahrtproduktsicherung - Bestimmung der Abgabe von Fremdstoffen durch Werkstoffe und Bauteile imMannschaftsraum von Raumfahrzeugen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 April 2014. CEN and CENELEC members are bou
7、nd to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the C
8、EN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CEN
9、ELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Fra
10、nce, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN/CENELEC A
11、ll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 16602-70-29:2014 E BS EN 16602-70-29:2014Table of contents Foreword 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 7 3.1 Terms d
12、efined in other standards . 7 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 7 3.3 Abbreviated terms. 8 3.4 Formula for conversion . 8 4 Requirements 9 4.1 Preparatory conditions 9 4.1.1 Test specimen preparation 9 4.1.2 Cleaning 11 4.1.3 Identification 11 4.2 Test facility 11 4.2.1 General requiremen
13、ts . 11 4.2.2 Test chamber 11 4.2.3 Sampling equipment . 12 4.2.4 Analytical equipment . 12 4.2.5 Resolution (Static): at the slit settings provided, the resolution definition (10 % valley) is within the values listed in Gas supplies . 13 4.2.6 Gas supplies . 13 4.3 Test chamber certification proced
14、ure 13 4.4 Test procedure . 14 4.4.1 Test conditions 14 4.4.2 Test execution . 14 4.4.3 Analysis of samples 15 4.5 Acceptance limits 15 4.5.1 Materials . 15 4.5.2 Assembled articles, experiments and racks. 15 4.6 Quality assurance . 16 4.6.1 Data 16 EN 16602-70-29:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-29:20144.6.2
15、 Calibration . 16 Annex A (normative) Offgassing evaluation report - DRD 17 Annex B (informative) Example of test method procedure . 19 Bibliography . 21 Tables Table 4-1: Slits setting 13 EN 16602-70-29:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-29:2014Foreword This document (EN 16602-70-29:2014) has been prepared by
16、Technical Committee CEN/CLC/TC 5 “Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This standard (EN 16602-70-29:2014) originates from ECSS-Q-ST-70-29C. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the lates
17、t by April 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such p
18、atent rights. This document supersedes EN 14100:2001. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and has therefore precedence over any EN coverin
19、g the same scope but with a wider domain of applicability (e.g. : aerospace). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
20、 Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. EN 16602-
21、70-29:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-29:20141 Scope All non-metallic materials release trace contaminants into the surrounding environment; the extent to which this occurs is dependent on the nature of the material concerned. In the closed environment of a manned spacecraft contaminants within the atmospher
22、e are potentially dangerous with respect to toxicity and its consequences for the safety of the crew. This Standard defines a test procedure for the determination of the trace contaminants release by non-metallic materials under a set of closely controlled conditions. The test procedure covers both
23、individual materials and assembled articles. In this Standard the supplier means the testing authority that is responsible for specifying and executing the offgassing tests. This Standard describes a test to provide data for aid in the evaluation of the suitability of assembled articles and material
24、s for use in a space vehicle crew compartment. The data obtained are in respect of the nature and quantity of organic and inorganic volatile contaminants evolved when subjected to the crew compartment environment. This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristics and constrains of a spa
25、ce project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00. EN 16602-70-29:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-29:20142 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or
26、 revision of any of these publications do not apply, However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the more recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication
27、 referred to applies. EN reference Reference in text Title EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system Glossary of terms EN 16602-10-09 ECSS-Q-ST-10-09 Space product assurance Nonconformance control system EN 16602-70 ECSS-Q-ST-70 Space product assurance Materials, mechanical parts and processes EN 1
28、6602-70-29:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-29:20143 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms defined in other standards For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and ECSS-Q-ST-70 apply. 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard 3.2.1 assembled article any com
29、ponent “black box” or assembly of components which represents the article to be used in a spacecraft 3.2.2 experiment item designed and built to accomplish a specific purpose which can be disassembled and retain its capabilities after re-assembly 3.2.3 offgassing evolution of gaseous products for an
30、 assembled article subjected to slight radiant heat in the specified test atmosphere 3.2.4 offgassing product organic or inorganic compound evolved from a material or assembled article or experiment or rack 3.2.5 rack structure in which different experiments take place during a manned mission 3.2.6
31、SMAC (Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentration) maximum concentration of a volatile offgassed product that is allowed in the spacecraft atmosphere for a specified flight duration 3.2.7 toxic hazard index (T) ratio of the projected concentration of each offgassed product to its SMAC value and summi
32、ng the ratios for all offgassed products without separation into toxicological categories NOTE Further details on the calculation of this T-value can also be obtained in NASA-STD-6001. EN 16602-70-29:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-29:20143.3 Abbreviated terms For the purpose of this Standard, the abbreviate
33、d terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and the following apply: Abbreviation Meaning C concentration expressed in g/m3C1 concentration expressed in ppm CIchemical ionization EI electron ionization eV electron volt GC gas-chromatograph MS mass-spectrometer MWt molecular weight m/z ratio mass to charge ppm part
34、 per million SMAC Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentration T toxic hazard index NOTE For g/m3, the conversion to ppm is done, using the formula (3-1) given in clause 3.4 3.4 Formula for conversion Formula (3-1) shows the conversion from g/m3to ppm: tPMWCCt+=273298013147,241031(3-1) Where: C is the
35、 concentration (g/m3) C1 is the concentration (ppm) MWt is the molecular weight (g) P is the pressure (hPa) t is the room temperature (C) (End of test) 24,47 is the molecular volume at 25 C (l) EN 16602-70-29:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-29:20144 Requirements 4.1 Preparatory conditions 4.1.1 Test specimen
36、 preparation 4.1.1.1 General preferences a. The supplier shall classify all materials to be tested into one of the three categories “Surface”, “Volume” and “Mass” described in 4.1.1.2, 4.1.1.3 and 4.1.1.4, respectively. 4.1.1.2 Samples of category “Surface” a. The category “Surface” shall include fi
37、lms, fabrics, coatings, finishes, inks, primers, adhesives, thin film lubricants, tapes and electrical insulating materials. NOTE This category is defined for materials that are essentially two dimensional. b. The supplier shall select test samples with a surface of (300 10) cm2per litre of test cha
38、mber. c. Coatings and finishes shall be coated on a clean aluminium substrate. d. Material thickness, curing process and method of application shall be in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. NOTE Only the outer surfaces of a material on the aluminium panel are counted in surface area
39、determinations. e. The supplier shall cut films, fabrics and similar materials to ensure a surface of (300 10) cm2. NOTE Because materials are often “two surfaced” in use, the total surface area is determined by counting, the top and the bottom surface. f. Heat shrinkable tubing or boots shall be ap
40、plied and shrunk to simulate actually used configuration. EN 16602-70-29:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-29:20144.1.1.3 Samples of category “Volume” a. The category “Volume” shall include foams and other blown or foamed materials and insulating padding. NOTE This category is defined for materials having a de
41、fined volume but a large real surface area due to surface convolutions or matting. b. The supplier shall cut samples to a thickness of (1,25 0,2) cm unless the existing thickness is less than 1,25 cm. In this case, the existing thickness shall be used. c. The supplier shall cut the samples to a surf
42、ace size of (50 5) cm2per litre of test container volume. d. The supplier shall use all surfaces, tops, bottoms and sides to calculate the total surface area. e. In cases where the cut pieces of the sample do not fit into the container because of its size, the supplier shall cut two or more pieces,
43、as long as 4.1.1.3d. is met. 4.1.1.4 Samples of category “Mass” a. The category “Mass” shall include potting compounds, moulding compounds, cast of formed objects, solid wires and thick plastics. NOTE This category is defined for materials having a defined bulk but not falling into the volume classi
44、fication. b. The supplier shall use the samples as much as possible in the supplied configuration and cut them to give (5,0 0,25) g sample per litre of chamber volume. c. The supplier shall prepare and cut potted or moulded materials to adequate weight. 4.1.1.5 Assembled articles a. The supplier sha
45、ll test assembled articles in the condition in which it was received. b. The supplier shall perform the offgassing test in a passive mode. NOTE Passive mode means that the test is performed without any power supply for the assembled article. 4.1.1.6 Racks a. The supplier shall test racks in the cont
46、ext of their specific requirements, in relation to safety, non-degradation of equipments and vacuum resistance. b. The supplier shall perform the offgassing test in a passive mode. EN 16602-70-29:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-29:20144.1.2 Cleaning a. The customer shall perform the same cleaning and treatme
47、nt of the test article as the sample undergoes before integration into the spacecraft. 4.1.3 Identification a. The customer shall accompany materials submitted for testing by a completed Materials Identification, with technical specifications, expected degradation during the test, cure and post-cure
48、 noted. b. A full description of each assembled article, material identification and location shall be provided with each article by the customer. 4.2 Test facility 4.2.1 General requirements a. A basic facility for the performance of the tests shall include a sealed test chamber, a sampling capabil
49、ity and the analytical equipment. 4.2.2 Test chamber a. The test chamber shall be hermetically sealable. b. The test chamber shall be of a sufficient size so that the material or assembled article can be contained. NOTE Best practice is to use the volume of the specimen equivalent to 1/3 of the test chamber. If the test chamber is considerably larger than the article under test, this can lead to over dilution of the offgassed products in the test chamber. c. The test chamber shall be constructed out of materials that do not offgass be
