1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16602-70-37:2014Space product assurance Determination of thesusceptibility of metals tostress-corrosion crackingBS EN 16602-70-37:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation ofEN 16602-70-37:2014.The UK participation in its prep
2、aration was entrusted to Technical Committee ACE/68, Space systems and operations.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its c
3、orrect application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 86588 6 ICS 49.025.01; 49.140 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Pol
4、icy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16602-70-37 October 2014 ICS 49.025.01; 49.140 English version Space product assurance - Determination of the susceptibility o
5、f metals to stress-corrosion cracking Assurance produit des projets spatiaux - Dtermination de la susceptibilit des mtaux la fissuration par corrosion sous contrainte Raumfahrtproduktsicherung - Bestimmung der Anflligkeit von Metallen fr Spannungsrisskorrosion This European Standard was approved by
6、CEN on 25 October 2014. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nat
7、ional standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC
8、member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Est
9、onia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Cen
10、tre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 16602-70-37:2014 EBS EN 16602-70-37:2014Table of contents Foreword 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 7
11、 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 9 3.1 Terms defined in other standards . 9 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 9 3.3 Abbreviated terms. 10 3.4 Symbols 11 4 Principles 12 4.1 Overview 12 4.2 Tensile test . 12 4.3 Fracture toughness test 12 4.3.1 Overview . 12 4.3.2 Determination
12、of fracture toughness using the KIctest method 12 4.3.3 Determination of fracture toughness using the JIctest method 13 4.3.4 Characterization of fracture toughness using the R-curve test method 13 4.3.5 Characterization of fracture toughness using the CTOD test method 13 4.4 Fatigue test . 14 4.4.1
13、 General . 14 4.4.2 Force controlled constant amplitude axial fatigue test . 14 4.4.3 Strain-controlled fatigue test 14 4.5 Fatigue crack propagation test 14 4.5.1 Stable crack growth rate 14 4.5.2 Crack propagation threshold . 15 4.6 Fracture and fatigue test in special environment . 15 4.7 Stress
14、corrosion cracking test . 15 4.7.1 Overview . 15 4.7.2 Stress corrosion cracking test using smooth specimens . 15 4.7.3 Stress corrosion cracking test using pre-cracked specimens 16 EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:20144.8 Creep test . 16 4.9 Test results presentation. 16 5 Requirements 17 5
15、.1 Customer agreement 17 5.2 Tensile testing 17 5.2.1 General . 17 5.2.2 Tensile testing of weldments . 17 5.3 Fracture toughness test 18 5.3.1 KIctest method 18 5.3.2 JIctest method . 18 5.3.3 R-curve test method 18 5.3.4 CTOD test method 18 5.4 Fatigue test . 19 5.4.1 Force controlled constant amp
16、litude axial fatigue test . 19 5.4.2 Strain-controlled fatigue test 19 5.5 Fatigue crack propagation test 20 5.5.1 Determination of fatigue crack growth rate 20 5.5.2 Determination of a fatigue crack propagation threshold . 20 5.6 Fracture and fatigue tests in special environments . 21 5.7 Stress co
17、rrosion cracking test . 21 5.7.1 Stress corrosion cracking test using smooth specimens . 21 5.7.2 Stress corrosion cracking test using pre-cracked specimens 21 5.8 Creep test . 21 5.9 Evaluation of test results . 21 5.10 Storage . 22 5.11 Reporting 22 5.12 Quality assurance . 22 5.12.1 General . 22
18、5.12.2 Calibration . 22 5.12.3 Quality control of raw materials . 23 5.12.4 Nonconformance . 23 5.12.5 Traceability and records 23 Annex A (normative) Request for mechanical testing of materials DRD 24 Annex B (normative) Proposal for mechanical testing of materials DRD . 26 Annex C (normative) Repo
19、rt of mechanical testing of materials DRD 28 EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:2014Annex D (informative) References . 31 Bibliography . 32 EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:2014Foreword This document (EN 16602-70-37:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/CLC/TC 5 “Space”, t
20、he secretariat of which is held by DIN. This standard (EN 16602-70-37:2014) originates from ECSS-Q-ST-70-45C. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2015, and conflicting national s
21、tandards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepar
22、ed under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cy
23、prus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the Unit
24、ed Kingdom. EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:20141 Scope This Standard specifies requirements for mechanical testing of metallic materials to be used in the fabrication of spacecraft hardware. This Standard establishes the requirements for most relevant test methods carried out to assess the
25、 tensile, fatigue and fracture properties of metallic materials. It does not give a complete review of all the existing test methods for the evaluation of mechanical properties of metallic materials. Furthermore, this Standard specifies requirements for the evaluation, presentation and reporting of
26、test results. This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constrains of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00. EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:20142 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this te
27、xt, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revision of any of these publications do not apply, However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the more recent editions of the
28、 normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN reference Reference in text Title EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system Glossary of terms EN 16602-10-09 ECSS-Q-ST-10-09 Space product assurance Nonconformance control sys
29、tem EN 16602-70 ECSS-Q-ST-70 Space product assurance Materials, mechanical parts and processes EN 16602-70-37 ECSS-Q-ST-70-37 Space product assurance Determination of the susceptibility of metals to stress-corrosion cracking EN 16602-70-46 ECSS-Q-ST-70-46 Space product assurance Requirements for man
30、ufacturing and procurement of threaded fasteners ASTM E 139 Standard test methods for conducting creep, creep-rupture, and stress-rupture tests of metallic materials ASTM E 399 Standard test method for plane-strain fracture toughness of metallic materials ASTM E 466 Standard practice for conducing f
31、orce controlled constant amplitude axial fatigue tests of metallic materials ASTM E 561 Standard practice for R-curve determination ASTM E 606 Standard practice for strain-controlled fatigue testing ASTM E 647 Standard test method for measurement of fatigue crack growth rates ASTM E 739 Standard pra
32、ctice for statistical analysis of linear or linarized stress-life (S-N) and strain-life (e-N) fatigue data EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:2014ASTM E 1290 Standard test method for crack-tip opening displace-ment (CTOD) fracture toughness measurement ASTM E 1820 Standard test method for meas
33、urement of fracture toughness EN 10002-1 Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature EN 10002-2 Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 2: Verification of the force measuring system of the tensile testing machines EN 10002-4 Metallic materials Tensile testing Par
34、t 4: Verification of the extensometers used in uniaxial testing ESDU 96013:1996 Fracture toughness (KIc) values of some aluminium alloys ISO 7539-6:2003 Corrosion of metals and alloys Stress corrosion testing Part 6: Preparation and use of pre-cracked specimens for tests under constant load or const
35、ant displacement EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:20143 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms defined in other standards For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and ECSS-Q-ST-70 apply. 3.2 Terms specific to the present standard 3.2.1 crac
36、k tip plastic zone plastically deformed region in a material adjacent to a crack tip 3.2.2 creep time-dependent increase in strain in a material resulting from force 3.2.3 damage tolerance in a material or structure, the capability to withstand stresses or loads in the presence of defects 3.2.4 fail
37、ure condition generally caused by break or collapse so that a structural element can no longer fulfil its purpose 3.2.5 fatigue in a material, the failure phenomenon which results from repeated fluctuation of stress 3.2.6 fracture toughness inherent resistance of a material in the presence of a crac
38、k-like defect 3.2.7 finite life range life range, in which all test pieces before a predetermined number of cycles fail EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:20143.2.8 mechanical properties those properties of a material that are associated with elastic and inelastic reaction when force is applie
39、d, or that involve the relationship between stress and strain 3.2.9 mechanical testing determination of mechanical properties 3.2.10 raw material material from which specimens are manufactured 3.2.11 specimen representative fraction of material tested or analysed in order to determine mechanical pro
40、perties 3.2.12 transition range predetermined number of cycles of stress cycles (typically 5 x 10-6to 5 x 10-7cycles), where failure as well as non-failure occur. 3.2.13 threaded fastener device composed by a cylindrical screwed bar provided with a head and a metal collar, screwed internally, to fit
41、 the cylindrical bar that is to hold parts firmly together in an assembly 3.2.14 weld heat affected zone (HAZ) portion of material in a welded joint whose microstructure and physical properties are affected by the heat input during welding 3.3 Abbreviated terms For the purpose of this Standard, the
42、abbreviated terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and the following apply: Abbreviation Meaning ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials CEN European Committee for Standardization CTOD crack tip opening displacement ESDU engineering sciences data unit HAZ heat affected zone ISO International Organizatio
43、n for Standardization NCR nonconformance report NDI non-destructive inspection RMC raw material certificate EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:20143.4 Symbols Symbol Meaning C(T) compact tension specimen J J-integral JIc J-integral plane-strain fracture toughness K stress intensity factor KIc
44、stress intensity plane-strain fracture toughness Kmax maximum stress intensity factor Mode I opening mode of loading R stress ratio Rsx specimen stress ratio M(T) middle tension specimen da/dn crack growth rate K stress intensity factor range Kth fatigue crack propagation threshold KISCC threshold s
45、tress intensity factor for susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:20144 Principles 4.1 Overview This Standard specifies requirements to conduct tests in order to characterize mechanical behaviour and properties of metallic materials. Selection criteria o
46、f mechanical tests are based on the significance and use of each specified test method. Test methods, which are covered in this Standard, are characterized in the following paragraphs. 4.2 Tensile test Tensile tests provide information on the strength and ductility of materials under uniaxial tensil
47、e stresses. Test results can be used in comparing materials, alloy development, design and quality control. The test method covers the tension testing of metallic materials in any form at room temperature, and specifically the methods determine yield strength, yield point elongation, tensile strengt
48、h, elongation and reduction of area. 4.3 Fracture toughness test 4.3.1 Overview This test refers to methods to determine fracture toughness of metallic materials using the following parameters: stress intensity factor (K), J-integral (J), R-curve and crack tip opening displacement (CTOD). The fractu
49、re toughness determined in accordance with this method is for opening mode (Mode I) of loading. 4.3.2 Determination of fracture toughness using the KIctest method This method provides the measurement of crack-extension resistance at the start of a crack extension for slow rates of loading and when the crack-tip EN 16602-70-37:2014 (E)BS EN 16602-70-37:2014plastic zone is small compared to both the crack size and to the specimen dimension in the direction of the constraint. The method covers the determination of linear elastic plane-strain fractu
