1、Liquid petroleum products - Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels - BASF engine methodBS EN 16906:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16906 August 2017 ICS 75.160.20 English Version
2、Liquid petroleum products - Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels - BASF engine method Produits ptroliers liquides - Dtermination de la qualit dallumage des combustibles Diesel - Mthode avec le BASF-moteur Flssige Minerallerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Zndwilligkeit von Dieselkraftstof
3、fen - Verfahren mit BASF-Prfmotor This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-dat
4、e lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
5、under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Form
6、er Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIO
7、N COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16906:2017 ENational forewordThis British Standar
8、d is the UK implementation of EN 16906:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PTI/2, Liquid Fuels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessar
9、y provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 90742 5ICS 75.160.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was p
10、ublished under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 16906:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16906 August 2017 ICS 75.160.20 English Version Liquid
11、 petroleum products - Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels - BASF engine method Produits ptroliers liquides - Dtermination de la qualit dallumage des combustibles Diesel - Mthode avec le BASF-moteur Flssige Minerallerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Zndwilligkeit von Dieselkraftstoffen -
12、Verfahren mit BASF-Prfmotor This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date list
13、s and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under
14、the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yug
15、oslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMI
16、T EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16906:2017 EBS EN 16906:2017EN 16906:2017 (E) 2 Content
17、s Page European foreword 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions 5 4 Principle 6 5 Reagents and materials 6 6 Apparatus 7 6.1 General . 7 7 Sampling . 10 8 Standard operating and test conditions . 10 9 Calibration, verification and quality control. 11 10 Pro
18、cedure. 11 10.1 Engine check and warm-up . 11 10.2 Bracketing procedure 11 10.2.1 Unknown sample . 11 10.2.2 First primary reference fuel 12 10.2.3 Second primary reference fuel . 12 10.2.4 Repeat readings . 12 10.3 Procedure using a calibration graph 13 10.4 Shut-down of the engine . 13 11 Calculat
19、ion . 13 11.1 Calculation for the bracketing procedure 13 11.2 Calculation for the calibration graph . 14 12 Expression of results 14 13 Precision . 14 13.1 General 14 13.2 Repeatability . 14 13.3 Reproducibility 14 Annex A (informative) Evaluation example of the cetane number using a calibration gr
20、aph . 16 Annex B (normative) Auxiliary digital equipment . 17 B.1 General 17 B.2 Apparatus . 17 B.3 Set-up . 17 B.4 Calibration . 18 Bibliography 19 BS EN 16906:2017EN 16906:2017 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 16906:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liq
21、uid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2018, a
22、nd conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the
23、 CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hu
24、ngary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16906:2017EN 16906:2017 (E) 4 Introduction The test method is based on DIN 51773 1, which
25、 has been developed in DIN NA 062-06-43 AA “Engine testing of liquid fuels” and which is being used very successfully since more than 30 years. The described method is an alternative quantitative determination of the cetane number of middle distillate fuels intended for use in compression ignition e
26、ngines. A correlation study between this method and EN ISO 5165:1998 2 has been done and the results of this are incorporated in the precision report issued in 2014 3. The testing of pure FAME (which is in the scope of EN ISO 5165) has been excluded from the scope for the time being as there seem to
27、 be sample specific biases for such product. CEN will initiate appropriate causal studies. BS EN 16906:2017EN 16906:2017 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a test method for the determination of cetane numbers (“CN”) in diesel fuel in the range from CN 45 to CN 63, using a standard singl
28、e cylinder, four-stroke cycle, indirect injection engine. The cetane number provides a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuels in compression ignition engines. The cetane number is determined at constant speed in a compression ignition test engine equipped with a swirl chamber. This
29、European Standard is applicable to distillate as well as paraffinic diesel fuels intended for use in diesel engines, including those containing fatty-acid methyl esters (FAME), ignition-improvers or other additives. The cetane number scale comprises a range from zero to 100, but typical testing is c
30、urrently performed in the range from about 40 CN to about 75 CN. This engine test procedure may be used for other fuels such as synthetics and vegetable oils. However, samples with fuel properties that interfere with the gravity-based pre-supply pressure to the fuel pump e.g. due to high viscosity c
31、an only be used to a limited extent. Precision data for such fuels are not available at this stage. Precision data for paraffinic diesel fuels are currently under development. NOTE 1 For the purpose of this European Standard the expressions “%(m/m)” and “%(V/V)” are used to represent the mass factio
32、n and volume fraction respectively of a material. NOTE 2 The test method is also suitable for determining cetane numbers outside the range of the scope, however, the precision statement only applies for fuels in the specified range. WARNING The use of this standard can involve hazardous materials, o
33、perations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel prior to application of the standard, and fulfil stat
34、utory and regulatory requirements for this purpose. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edi
35、tion of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling (ISO 3170) EN ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids - Automatic pipeline sampling (ISO 3171) 3 Terms and definitions 3.1 ignition quality property of a fuel which causes a self-ignition under s
36、tandard operating conditions in a diesel engine 3.2 ignition delay ID period of time between the start of fuel injection and the start of combustion expressed in degrees of crank angle rotation BS EN 16906:2017EN 16906:2017 (E) 6 3.3 cetane number CN measure of an ignition quality of a diesel fuel o
37、btained by comparing it with reference fuel blends of known cetane numbers and the fuel to be measured in a standardized test engine under controlled conditions 3.4 accepted reference value ARV value agreed upon as a reference for comparison Note 1 to entry: The value is derived as (1) a theoretical
38、 or established value, based in scientific principles, (2) an assigned value, based on experimental work of some national or international organization, or (3) a consensus value, based on collaborative experimental work under the auspices of a scientific or engineering group. 4 Principle The cetane
39、number of a fuel is determined by comparing its combustion characteristics in a test engine with those for blends of reference fuels of known cetane number under standard operating conditions. This is accomplished by comparing the intake air mass at a given ignition delay. A multiple calibration pro
40、cedure may also be applied for the comparison of intake air mass. 5 Reagents and materials 5.1 Reference materials 5.1.1 n-hexadecane (n-Cetane), primary reference fuel This reference material with a minimum purity of 99,0 %(m/m) shall be used as the designated cetane number of 100. The purity may b
41、e determined by a gas chromatography test method. 5.1.2 1-Methylnaphthalene (AMN), primary reference fuel This reference material with a minimum purity of 95,0 %(m/m) shall be used as the designated cetane number of zero. The purity may be determined by a gas chromatography test method. 5.1.3 2,2,4,
42、4,6,8,8-Heptamethylnonane (HMN), primary reference fuel This reference material with a minimum purity of 98,0 %(m/m) shall be used as the designated 15 cetane number component. The purity shall be determined by a gas chromatography test method. Primary reference fuel blends are volumetrically propor
43、tioned mixtures of these materials, which define the CN scale. NOTE Store and use primary reference fuels in the dark or in amber containers at temperatures of 20 C or higher to avoid solidification of n-Cetane which has a melting point of 18 C. 5.2 Reference fuel dispensing equipment For preparing
44、the required blends of reference fuels calibrated burettes or volumetric ware with a maximum of 500 ml capacity and a maximum volumetric tolerance of 0,2 % shall be used. The burettes shall be outfitted with a delivery valve and a delivery tip to accurately control the dispensed volumes. The deliver
45、y tip shall be of such size and design that shut-off tip discharge does not exceed 0,5 ml. The rate of delivery from the dispensing system shall not exceed 500 ml/min. The set of burettes or volumetric ware shall be installed in such a manner that all components of each batch or blend are dispensed
46、at the same temperature. BS EN 16906:2017EN 16906:2017 (E) 7 Other blending systems that allow the preparation of volumetrically-defined blends or volumetrically-defined blends by gravimetric measurements based on the density of the individual components are also permitted, provided the system meets
47、 the requirement for maximum 0,2 % tolerance limits. 5.3 Check fuels Diesel fuels with known cetane number calibrated by interlaboratory studies with other test engines may be used for checking the engine qualification only. The typical cetane number range of a check fuel is from 50 CN to 65 CN. Reg
48、ular testing of check fuels is highly recommended as the use of standard quality control charting provides a means to evaluate and document the overall performance of the engine and operators. Using quality control charts and regular interpretation of the control charts is strongly advised by accred
49、itation authorities (see 3). 6 Apparatus 6.1 General The 4-stroke single cylinder engine developed by BASF SE on the basis of a MWM/KHD model KD12E engine as shown in Figure 1 and comprises a standard crankcase with fuel pump assembly and a cylinder head assembly of the pre-combustion type, a thermal-siphon recirculating jacket coolant system, double fuel tank system with selector valving, injector assembly with specific injector nozzle, electrical controls and a suitable exhaust pipe. The engine shall be connected to a special electric power-
