1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60034-29:2008Rotating electrical machines Part 29: Equivalent loading and superposition techniques Indirect testing to determine temperature riseICS 29.160.01g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36
2、g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 60034-29:2008This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 55772 9National forewordThis British Standard is the U
3、K implementation of EN 60034-29:2008. It is identical to IEC 60034-29:2008. It supersedes BS EN 61986:2002, which will be withdrawn on 1 June 2011. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/2, Rotating electrical machinery.A list of organizations represented on
4、 this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigend
5、a issued since publicationDate CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60034-29 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM July 2008 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de
6、Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60034-29:2008 E ICS 29.160 Supersedes EN 61986:2002English version Rotating electrical machines - Part 29: Equivalent loading and superposition te
7、chniques - Indirect testing to determine temperature rise (IEC 60034-29:2008) Machines lectriques tournantes - Partie 29: Techniques par charge quivalente et par superposition - Essais indirects pour dterminer lchauffement (CEI 60034-29:2008) Drehende elektrische Maschinen - Teil 29: Verfahren der q
8、uivalenten Belastung und berlagerung - Indirekte Prfung zur Ermittlung der bertemperatur (IEC 60034-29:2008) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-06-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Euro
9、pean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (Eng
10、lish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria,
11、 Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Forew
12、ord The text of document 2/1476/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 60034-29, prepared by IEC TC 2, Rotating machinery, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60034-29 on 2008-06-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 61986:2002. The following dates were fixed:
13、latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-03-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-06-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endo
14、rsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60034-29:2008 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ BS EN 60034-29:2008 2 CONTENTS 0HINTRODUCTION.1H4 1 Scope.2H5 2 Normative references .5 H 3 Symbols and units 5 47 4 5H5 6H5.1 7H5.1.1 8H5.1.2 9H5.1.3 10
15、H5.2 11H5.2.1 12H5.2.2 13H5.2.3 14H5.2.4 15H5.3 16H5.3.1 17H5.3.2 18H5.4 19H6 20H6.1 21H6.1.1 22H6.1.2 23H6.2 24H6.2.1 25H6.2.2 Modulated frequency method. 26H 6.2.3 DC injection. 27H6.2.4 Mixed-frequency or bi-frequency method . 28H6.3 29H7 30H31H32HFigure 2 Derivation of field winding temperature
16、rise at rated load (synchronous 33H34H35H36H37H38H39HBS EN 60034-29:2008Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with theirGeneral test requirements 6 Superposition method.7 Basic principles .7 General .7 Temperature rise .8 Estimation of temperature rise from reduced
17、load tests . 8 3 Induction motors9Applicable tests 9 Method of reduced voltage and rated current.9 Method of rated voltage and reduced current.12 Method combining tests at reduced voltage and reduced current .13 Synchronous machines .13 Method of open circuit, short circuit, zero excitation 13 Metho
18、d of zero power factor and open circuit loading 15 DC machines.16 Equivalent load method 16 Principles 16 General .16 Temperature rise .17 Induction motors17 Forward short-circuit test.17 1819 Synchronous machines Zero power factor 23 23Preferred methods25 Annex A (informative) Example calculation 2
19、7 corresponding European publications 28 Figure 1 Graphical superposition method for induction motors .11 machines).15 Figure 3 Test circuit for d.c.-injection equivalent load test19 Figure 4 Mixed-frequency test Generators in series 20 Figure 5 Mixed-frequency test Series transformer .21 Figure 6 C
20、ombination of torque and current in a mixed-frequency test .22 Figure 7 Rotor-feeding mixed-frequency method23 Table 1 Preferred methods.26 INTRODUCTION The object of this standard is to provide various indirect load tests, the purpose of which is to determine the temperature rise of rotating electr
21、ical machines, including a.c. induction machines, a.c. synchronous machines and d.c. machines. The test methods in some cases provide, in addition, means of measuring or estimating other parameters such as losses and vibration, but the methods are not designed specifically to provide such data. The
22、proposed test methods are considered equivalent, the choice relying only on the location, the testing equipment and the machine type, and the test result accuracy. This standard should not be interpreted as requiring any or all of the tests on any given machine. Particular tests are subject to a spe
23、cial agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. NOTE As the methods reproduce only approximately the thermal conditions of the machines under rated condition, temperature-rise measurement results achieved from tests with these methods may be taken as the basis for the evaluation of machin
24、e heating in accordance with 8.10 of IEC 60034-1 by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. BS EN 60034-29:2008 4 ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES Part 29: Equivalent loading and superposition techniques Indirect testing to determine temperature rise 1 Scope This International Standard app
25、lies to machines covered by IEC 60034-1 when they cannot be loaded to a specific condition (rated or otherwise). It is applicable to both motors and generators. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, onl
26、y the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60034-1:2004, Rotating electrical machines Part 1: Rating and performance IEC 60034-2-1, Rotating electrical machines Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining
27、losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles) 3 Symbols and units For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and units apply. K slope factor of temperature rise, K/W NOTE 1 The full name of K is “slope factor of the straight line characterizing variation o
28、f temperature rise with losses”, see IEC 60027-4, item 901. temperature rise, K temperature, C P power, loss, WI current, AR resistance, X reactance, U voltage, V E e.m.f., V f frequency, Hzf1,2main/auxiliary frequency, Hz t time interval, s T torque, NmJ moment of inertia, kgm2cos power factor meth
29、od uncertainty, %NOTE 2 The definition implies that 0 means test temperature rise is higher than at actual load condition. BS EN 60034-29:2008 5 famplitude of frequency deviation, Hz ratio of auxiliary voltage to main voltage correction factor angular frequency, rad/s Subscripts m, n, o, p test cond
30、itions 1, 2, 3, etc. machine component (e.g. stator winding, rotor winding, stator core, etc.) NOTE 3 If not indicated otherwise, numbers 1, 2, 3 will be used as assigned above. t test f field a ambient, referring to reference coolant (see IEC 60034-1, 8.2) c due to constant losses L leakage N rated
31、 value equiv equivalent-load test super superposition test 4 General test requirements Measurement of the electrical parameters shall be made as follows. a) The class of accuracy of measuring instruments shall be not greater than 0,5. b) The measuring range of analogue instruments shall be chosen wi
32、th a view to the measured values being higher than 30 % of the full-scale range. These requirements need not be complied with in the case of the three-phase power measurement by means of two wattmeters, but the currents and voltages in the measured circuits shall be at least 20 % of the rated curren
33、ts and voltages of the wattmeters being used. The range of the other measuring instruments shall be chosen in such a way that the measuring errors are not increased. c) The waveform and symmetry of the supply voltage at the machine terminals shall be in accordance with the requirements of Clause 7 o
34、f IEC 60034-1. d) Each line current shall be measured. The arithmetic average value shall be used to determine the machine operating point. NOTE When using the two-wattmeter method, it is acceptable to measure only two currents. e) Power input to a three-phase machine shall be measured by either two
35、 single-phase wattmeters connected as in the two-wattmeter method, or one polyphase wattmeter, or three single-phase wattmeters. The total power read on a wattmeter shall be reduced by the amount of the I2R loss in the voltage circuits or in the current circuits of the instruments in accordance with
36、 their connection whenever this loss is a measurable portion of the total power. Unless otherwise indicated all electrical quantities to be measured are root-mean-square values. BS EN 60034-29:2008 6 5 Superposition method 5.1 Basic principles 5.1.1 General Superposition tests may be applied to any
37、d.c. or a.c. machine. The method comprises a series of tests at operating conditions other than rated load, for example: reduced load, no load, short circuit, reduced voltage, positive (inductive) or negative (capacitive) reactive load. The method allows the full-load temperature rise of various com
38、ponent parts of the machine to be deduced. For each component, the loss shall be known at each particular test condition and at full load. The machine should be tested with the same cooling conditions as when operating at rated load. Hence, a locked-rotor test will not be suitable as the air-flow di
39、stribution and magnitudes will be incorrect. On completion of the individual tests, a series of equations based on equivalent thermal circuit theory is constructed, each equation being of the form: 1m = K11P1m + K12 P2m + K13 P3mwhere 1m is the measured temperature rise of component 1 for test condi
40、tion m; P1m,P2m etc. is the loss in component 1, 2, etc. for test condition m; K11,K12, etc. are the slope factors of temperature rise determining the temperature rise of component 1 due to losses in component 1, and the temperature rise of component 1 due to losses in component 2, etc. Components 1
41、, 2, and 3 may be, for example, the stator winding, the rotor winding, and the stator iron. In some test conditions, certain losses may be equal to zero, and hence the related term in the equation disappears. For example, using the above assigned subscripts, a synchronous machine has K11P1= 0 at no
42、load and K13P3= 0 at short circuit. The method is based on the principle that the coefficients K do not change from test to test, i.e. that the cooling conditions are invariable between tests, which requires the speed to be the same in each test. The method is also based on the principle of linear t
43、hermal conditions so that temperature rises in one case can be added to those for another case. It requires the losses in the relevant component parts to be known with sufficient accuracy for each case, either by calculation or measurement. When the tests have been completed and the equations compil
44、ed, the coefficients K can be derived by simple arithmetic. These are then used in a final equation with the losses for the rated load condition to calculate the temperature rise of component 1. By similar means, the temperature rises at rated load of components 2, 3, etc. can be derived. If any com
45、ponent loss is temperature dependent (for example, stator copper loss), then the calculation procedure has to be repeated using values for the loss corrected for the estimated temperature rise. It is normally necessary to do this iteration once only. For the calculation of winding temperature rises
46、corrected to a reference ambient temperature equations in closed form are also provided. The method may be used to determine the temperature rise of any component at any load if the losses at that load are known. The slope factors of temperature rise (K12, etc.) may be useful in other thermal modell
47、ing studies, for example, in analysing the response to supply unbalance, voltage reduction, etc. BS EN 60034-29:2008 7 In all superposition tests, correction is necessary for variation in heat exchanger performance (if one is fitted to the machine), as the thermal performance of the heat exchanger w
48、ill partly depend on the total loss in each test. 5.1.2 Temperature rise When determining the temperature rise values of machine parts by superposition tests, the variations from the results that should be obtained at rated-load test are always to be considered. The uncertainty value (%) for rated l
49、oad is defined: ( 1) 100=N,superNNOTE 1 The uncertainty values obtained by superposition tests may be negative (test temperature rise is lower than under normal operation) or positive (test temperature rise is larger than under normal operation). Consequently, for comparing with the temperature rise values given in IEC 60034-1, test results have to be multiplied with a correction factor : 11100=+NOTE 2 For negative uncertainty values the correction factor is 1. 5.1.3 Es
