1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60146-1-3:1993 IEC 146-1-3: 1991 Semiconductor convertors General requirements and line commutated convertors Part 1-3: Transformers and reactors The European Standard EN 60146-1-3:1993 has the status of a British Standard UDC 621.314.21:621.315.59:621.318BSEN 60146-1-3:1993 T
2、his British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Power ElectricalEngineering StandardsPolicy Committee, waspublished under the authorityof the StandardsBoardand comesintoeffect on 15 May 1993 BSI 02-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee
3、reference PEL/50 Draft for comment 92/17370 DC ISBN 0 580 22131 8 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national committees of the following countries: Austria Italy
4、Belgium Luxembourg Denmark Netherlands Finland Norway France Portugal Germany Spain Greece Sweden Iceland Switzerland Ireland United Kingdom Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN60146-1-3:1993 BSI 02-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National
5、foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 60146-1-3 3 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back coverBSEN 60146-1-3:1993 ii BSI 02-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of
6、 the Power Electrical Engineering Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN60146-1-3:1993 Semiconductor convertors. General requirements and line commutated convertors Part 1-3: Transformers and reactors, published by the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardiza
7、tion (CENELEC). It is identical with IEC146-1-3:1991, published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). This British Standard, together with BSEN60146-1-1, supersedes BS4417:1969, which is withdrawn. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a con
8、tract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theEN title page, pages 2 to 1
9、0, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 60146-1-3 February 1993 UDC 621.314.21:6
10、21.315.59:621.318 Descriptors: Electronics, convertors, semiconductor convertors, tranformers, reactors, characteristics, specifications, test English version Semiconductor convertors General requirements and line commutated convertors Part 1-3: Transformers and reactors (IEC 146-1-3:1991) Convertis
11、seurs semiconducteurs Spcifications communes et convertisseurs commuts par le rseau Partie 1-3: Transformateurs et bobines dinductance (CEI146-1-3:1991) Halbleiter-Stromrichter Allgemeine Anforderungen und netzgefhrte Stromrichter Teil 1-3: Transformatoren und Drosselspulen (IEC 146-1-3:1991) This E
12、uropean Standard was approved by CENELEC on 1992-12-09. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical refere
13、nces concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC me
14、mber into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Port
15、ugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels 1993 Copyright reserved to CE
16、NELEC members Ref. No. EN 60146-1-3:1993 EEN60146-1-3:1993 BSI 02-1999 2 Foreword The CENELEC questionnaire procedure, performed for finding out whether or not the International Standard IEC146-1-3:1991 could be accepted without textual changes, has shown that no common modifications were necessary
17、for the acceptance as European Standard. The reference document was submitted to the CENELEC members for formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN60146-1-3 on9December1992. The following dates were fixed. For products which have complied with the relevant national standard before1993-12-01, as s
18、hown by the manufacturer or by a certification body, this previous standard may continue to apply for production until1998-12-01. Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard. In this standard, Annex A and Annex ZA are normative. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative
19、references 3 3 Rated values for convertor transformers 3 3.1 Rated current values 3 3.2 Temperature limits of cooling media 3 4 Losses and voltage drops in transformers andreactors 4 4.1 Losses in the transformer windings 4 4.2 Losses in interphase transformers, currentbalancing reactors, series-smo
20、othingreactors, transductors and other current regulating accessories 4 4.3 Voltage drops in transformers and reactors 4 5 Tests for convertor transformers 4 5.1 Measurement of commutating reactance anddetermination of inductive voltage drop (type test) 5 5.2 Short-circuit test (type test and routin
21、e test) 5 5.3 Temperature rise test (type test) 5 Annex A (normative) Corrections to be appliedwhencooling medium temperature ishigher thanstandard 9 Annex ZA (normative) Other international publications quoted in this standard with thereferences of the relevant European publications 9 Table 1 Tempe
22、rature rise limits 6 Table 2 Connections and calculation factors 7 Table A.1 Reduction of limits of temperature rise for cooling medium temperature higher than standard in kelvins 9 latest date of publication of an identical national standard (dop) 1993-12-01 latest date of withdrawal of conflicting
23、 national standards (dow) 1993-12-01EN60146-1-3:1993 BSI 02-1999 3 1 Scope This Part 1-3 of the International Standard relates, in general, to those characteristics wherein convertor transformers differ from ordinary power transformers. In all other respects, the rules specified in IEC76 shall apply
24、 to convertor transformers also, as far as they are not in contradiction with this standard. It should be borne in mind that a rectifier transformer operates with non-sinusoidal current waveshape. In single-way connection, the current in each cell winding contains a d.c. component which calls for sp
25、ecial attention in design and testing. In some cases, a special design is necessary when external short-circuits and cell failures would cause abnormal stress. For certain types of transformers, the waveshape of the normal operating voltage is non-sinusoidal. The core loss of such equipment is to be
26、 determined by applying a sinusoidal voltage having the same half-cycle arithmetic mean value and the same fundamental frequency as the voltage applied in service. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this I
27、nternational Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards listed below
28、. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 76:1967, Power transformers. IEC 146-1-1:1991, Semiconductor convertors General requirements and line commutated convertors Part 1-1, IEC146-1-1, Specifications of basic requirements. IEC 146-1-2:1991, Semico
29、nductor convertors General requirements and line commutated convertors Part 1-2: Application guide. 3 Rated values for convertor transformers 3.1 Rated current values 3.1.1 Single convertor or double convertor supplied from one common cell winding The convertor transformer shall be capable of carryi
30、ng current corresponding to rated direct current of the convertor continuously, followed by overload current (where specified) for the specified duration (SeeIEC146-1-1,3.10.3.5), at maximum cooling temperatures without exceeding its thermal limit. 3.1.2 Double convertor where each thyristor assembl
31、y has separate cell windings The convertor transformer shall be capable of carrying in each secondary group the appropriate current corresponding to rated direct current of the convertor continuously, followed by overload current for the specified duration (SeeIEC146-1-1,3.10.3.5), at maximum coolin
32、g temperatures without exceeding its thermal limit. Where common line windings are used for the two secondary windings, these should be rated as in3.1.1. 3.2 Temperature limits of cooling media Temperature rise limits are specified in5.3. 3.2.1 Air cooled outdoor equipment The convertor transformer
33、shall be designed to operate at an ambient air temperature which does not exceed+40C, does not average more than+20C over a year and does not average more than+30C for any24h period. 3.2.2 Air cooled indoor equipment The convertor transformer shall be designed to operate in an ambient air temperatur
34、e of+40C. 3.2.3 Water cooled equipment The convertor transformer shall be designed to operate with incoming cooling water temperature which does not exceed+25C.EN60146-1-3:1993 4 BSI 02-1999 4 Losses and voltage drops in transformers and reactors 4.1 Losses in the transformer windings The losses in
35、the windings which appear under normal service conditions are composed of the losses in the winding resistance as measured by d.c. and the additional losses (depending on frequency) caused by eddy currents as well as the stray flux in the windings and in the construction parts. Due to the harmonics,
36、 the actual losses in the windings would require to be measured with the transformer in normal operation with the assembly. This method of measurement cannot be recommended because it is too complicated and inaccurate, unless total losses of transformer and assembly are taken as one measurement. In
37、such cases and for units not exceeding a rated output of300kW, the losses may be measured at normal rated load operation. In all other cases, the losses in the windings are to be calculated from the results of short-circuit measurement carried out with sinusoidal currents. The method is based on the
38、 passage of sinusoidal currents in the winding having the same r.m.s. values as those which would exist in operation with the assembly if the overlap was disregarded (seeTable 2). Owing to the fact that the r.m.s. values of the currents during normal operation with the assembly are somewhat smaller
39、than those in the test, a positive error is encountered. This positive error is assumed to be compensated for by the negative error resulting from the fact that the additional stray losses caused by the harmonics in operation with the assembly are disregarded. 4.2 Losses in interphase transformers,
40、current balancing reactors, series-smoothing reactors, transductors and other current regulating accessories 4.2.1 Interphase transformers The supplier shall measure the iron losses at a frequency and voltage calculated to provide the magnetic flux corresponding to operation of the convertor at rate
41、d current, voltage and specified phase control, corrected to the available frequency nearest to the principal frequency of the interphase transformer. The losses in the winding are to be calculated as the product of the d.c. resistance and the square of the direct current in the winding. 4.2.2 Curre
42、nt balancing reactors The iron losses in current balancing reactors are by convention to be ignored. The losses in the winding are either a part of the convertor loss measurement or calculated as the product of the d.c. measured resistance and the square of the r.m.s. current in the winding, calcula
43、ted on the basis of rectangular shaped current waveform. 4.2.3 Series-smoothing reactors The iron losses are, by convention, to be ignored. The losses in the winding are either a part of the convertor loss measurement or calculated as the product of the d.c. resistance and the square of the direct c
44、urrent in the winding. 4.2.4 Transductors and other current regulating accessories The iron losses shall be measured or calculated at magnetic flux conditions corresponding to operation of the convertor at rated current, rated line voltage and specified direct voltage. Measurement is made at a frequ
45、ency corrected to the available frequency nearest to the principal frequency nearest of the transductor core flux. The losses in the power winding are to be calculated as the product of the d.c. measured resistance and the square of the r.m.s. current in the winding, calculated on the basis of ideal
46、ized current waveform (ignoring stray inductances). When the power winding consists of heavy conductors, the eddy current losses should be estimated by calculation and added. NOTEThese losses are for use in efficiency calculations and not for design. 4.3 Voltage drops in transformers and reactors Th
47、e voltage drops are calculated from the loss measurements by the formulae given in3.5 of IEC146-1-1. 5 Tests for convertor transformers All tests specified for power transformers in IEC76 shall apply to convertor transformers if not in contradiction with the tests specified in this clause. The tests
48、 specified below are to be regarded as additional or special tests applicable to convertor transformers.EN60146-1-3:1993 BSI 02-1999 5 5.1 Measurement of commutating reactance and determination of inductive voltage drop (type test) 5.1.1 Commutating reactance To measure commutating reactance, the li
49、ne-side terminals of the transformer are short-circuited. An alternating current of rated frequency is passed through two consecutive phases of the same commutating group of the cell winding and the voltage between the terminals thus fed is measured. The commutating reactance2 X tis equal to the inductive component of the impedance calculated from this measurement. At least two tests should be carried out with different pairs of phases in each commutating group and the arithmetic mean value of these measurements is taken. The same line
