1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60315-4:1998 IEC 60315-4: 1997 Methods of measurement on radio receivers for various classes of emission Part 4: Receivers for frequencymodulated sound broadcasting emissions The European Standard EN60315-4:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 33.160.20BSEN 60315-4:19
2、98 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was published underthe authority of the Standards Board and comesintoeffect on 15 April 1998 BSI 04-1998 ISBN 0 580 29288 6 National foreword This British Standard is the English language version
3、of EN60315-4:1998. It is identical with IEC 60315-4:1997. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EPL/100, Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment, to Subcommittee EPL/100/1, Receiving equipment, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to underst
4、and the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on th
5、is subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. From 1 January 1997, all IEC publications have the number 60000 added to the old number. For instance, IEC27-1 has been renumbered as IEC60027-1. For a period of time during the change over from one numbering system to the other, publicati
6、ons may contain identifiers from both systems. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement
7、 these international or European publications may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the neces
8、sary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theEN
9、title page, pages 2 to 56 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN 60315-4:1998 BSI 04-1999 i
10、 Contents Page National foreword Inside front cover Foreword 2 Text of EN 60315-4 5ii blankEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 60315-4 February 1998 ICS 33.160.20 Descriptors: Radio equipment, radiocommunications, receivers, frequency modulation, radio frequencies, measurements, cha
11、racteristics, sensitivity, signal to noise ratio, parasitic signals, selectivity, distorsion, intermodulation, test results, presentation English version Methods of measurement on radio receivers for various classes of emission Part 4: Receivers for frequency-modulated sound broadcasting emissions (
12、IEC 60315-4:1997) Mthodes de mesure applicables aux rcepteurs radiolectriques pour diverses classes dmission Partie 4: Rcepteurs pour missions de radiodiffusion en modulation de frquence (CEI 60315-4:1997) Meverfahren fr Funkempfnger fr verschiedene Sendearten Teil 4: Empfnger fr frequenz-modulierte
13、 Tonrundfunksendungen (IEC 60315-4:1997) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 1998-01-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterati
14、on. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by trans
15、lation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
16、 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: ru
17、e de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60315-4:1998 EEN 60315-4:1998 BSI 04-1999 2 Foreword The text of document 100A/58/FDIS, future edition2 of IEC60315-4, prepared by SC 100A, Multi
18、media end-user equipment, of IEC TC 100, Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN60315-4 on1998-01-01. The following dates were fixed: This part 4 of EN60315 is to be used in conjunction with HD 560.1 S1. Anne
19、xes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard. Annexes designated “informative” are given for information only. In this standard, Annex ZA is normative and Annex A, Annex B, Annex C and Annex D are informative. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. Endorsement notice The text of the
20、International Standard IEC 60315-4:1997 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 1998-10-01 latest date by which the national s
21、tandards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 1998-10-01EN 60315-4:1998 BSI 04-1999 3 Contents Page Foreword 2 1 General 5 1.1 Scope 5 1.2 Normative references 5 1.3 Definitions 5 1.4 Standard measuring conditions 6 1.5 General notes on measurements 9 2 Sensitivity and internal noise 1
22、1 2.1 Explanation of terms 11 2.2 Signal-to-noise ratio (weighted and unweighted) and SINAD 12 2.3 Noise-limited sensitivity 12 2.4 Gain-limited sensitivity 13 2.5 Usable sensitivity 13 2.6 Deviation sensitivity 13 2.7 Input-output characteristics 13 3 Rejection of unwanted signals 14 3.1 Capture ra
23、tio 14 3.2 Selectivity and nearby channel rejection (two-signal) 15 3.3 Rejection of intermediate and image frequencies, and spurious responses 16 3.4 Suppression of amplitude modulation 18 3.5 Rejection of r.f. signal intermodulation products 19 3.6 Tuning and automatic frequency control (AFC) char
24、acteristics 21 4 Interference due to internal sources 22 4.1 Single-signal whistles 22 4.2 Modulation hum (interference at power supply frequency) 22 4.3 Unwanted self-oscillations 23 4.4 Acoustic feedback 23 5 Overall audio-frequency characteristics 23 5.1 Fidelity 23 5.2 Harmonic distortion 24 5.3
25、 Intermodulation distortion 26 5.4 Inter-channel characteristics 27 5.5 Characteristics of the volume control 28 5.6 Residual output 29 5.7 Crosstalk attenuation 29 5.8 Overall audio-frequency response 29 Page 6 Effect of additional modulations of the input signal 30 6.1 Rejection of signals in the
26、ranges 16 kHz to 22 kHz and 54 kHz to 99 kHz 30 6.2 Rejection of signals in the range 62 kHz to 73 kHz (SCA rejection) 30 6.3 Measurement of interference caused by RDS signals 30 6.4 Suppression of the fundamental, harmonics and sidebands of the subcarrier and the pilot-tone signal 31 6.5 Suppressio
27、n of interference due to adjacent channel signals with a stereophonic receiver using the pilot-tone system 31 7 Sensitivity, antenna gain and directional response of receivers using rod, telescopic or built-in antennas 32 7.1 Introduction 32 7.2 Method of measurement of sensitivity and antenna gain
28、for a receiver using a rod or telescopic antenna by the absorbing clamp described in CISPR 16-1 32 8 Characteristics whose methods of measurement are specified in IEC 60315-1 32 8.1 Introduction 32 8.2 List of characteristics and cross-references 32 Annex A (informative) Example of a 1 kHz band-elim
29、ination filter 53 Annex B (informative) Standard deviations for supplementary services 53 Annex C (informative) Measurement of crosstalk between stereo channels 53 Annex D (informative) Characteristics of rod and telescope antennas method of measurement under study 54 Annex ZA (normative) Normative
30、references to international publications with their corresponding European publications 56 Figure 1 Frequency response limits of band-pass filter 200 Hz to 15 kHz 33 Figure 2 Frequency response limits of band-pass filter 22,4 Hz to 15 kHz 33EN 60315-4:1998 4 BSI 04-1999 Page Figure 3 Frequency respo
31、nse limits of band-pass filter 200 Hz to 1,5 kHz 34 Figure 4 Frequency response limits of the 1 kHz band-elimination filter 34 Figure 5 Weighting filter for converting white noise into special coloured noise for selectivity measurements 35 Figure 6 Arrangement for various measurements with two r.f.
32、input signals 36 Figure 7 Antenna substitution networks for injecting one or two signals, for 50 7 signal generators and 75 7 unbalanced and 300 7 balanced receiver inputs 37 Figure 8 Arrangement for various measurements with one r.f. input signal 38 Figure 9 Signal-to-noise ratio 39 Figure 10 Noise
33、-limited sensitivity as a function of signal frequency 39 Figure 11 Gain-limited sensitivity as a function of signal frequency 40 Figure 12 Output/input characteristics and noise output curves showing terms defined in 1.3 41 Figure 13 Capture ratio 42 Figure 14 Selectivity curves 43 Figure 15 Image
34、and intermediate frequency rejection ratios 44 Figure 16 Spurious responses at a tuning frequency of 94 MHz (single signal method) 45 Figure 17 Arrangement for measuring rejection of unwanted signals simulating cable reception, using sinusoidal modulation 45 Figure 18 Arrangement for various measure
35、ments using three r.f. input signals 46 Figure 19 Tuning characteristics 47 Figure 20 Tuning characteristics obtained by measuring the local oscillator frequency 48 Figure 21 Measurement of acoustic feedback 48 Figure 22 Arrangement for measuring fidelity 49 Figure 23 Overall total harmonic distorti
36、on as a function of a.f. output power 49 Figure 24 Distortion-limited output power as a function of modulation frequency 50 Figure 25 Total harmonic distortion as a function of r.f. input signal level 50 Page Figure 26 Total harmonic distortion as a function of the deviation 51 Figure 27 Variation o
37、f distortion with detuning 51 Figure 28 Total harmonic distortion as a function of the a.f. modulation frequency 52 Figure 29 Cross-intermodulation between the channels of a stereo receiver (pilot-tone system) 52 Figure A.1 Example of a passive 1 kHz band-elimination filter capable of meeting the li
38、mits shown in Figure 4 53 Figure D.1 Arrangement for r.f. signal injection into the antenna with an absorbing clamp 55 Figure D.2 Correction curves for the insertion loss of the absorbing clamp 55 Table 1 Audio-frequency filters 7 Table 2 Standard values of deviation 7 Table 3 Standard measuring fre
39、quencies 8 Table 4 Presentation of radio-frequency signal level or voltage 10EN 60315-4:1998 BSI 04-1999 5 1 General 1.1 Scope This part of IEC60315 applies to radio receivers and tuners for the reception of frequency-modulated sound-broadcasting emissions with rated maximum system deviations of 75
40、kHz and 50 kHz in ITU Band 8. It deals mainly with methods of measurement using radio-frequency signals applied to the antenna terminals of the receiver. The measurements and specified conditions of test are selected to permit the comparison of results obtained by different observers and on other re
41、ceivers. Performance requirements are not specified in this standard. Radiation and immunity tests and requirements are not included since these are described in CISPR 13 and CISPR 20. 1.2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text
42、, constitute provisions of this part of IEC60315. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of IEC60315 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition
43、s of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 60098:1987, Analogue audio disk records and reproducing equipment. IEC 60268-1:1985, Sound system equipment Part 1: General. IEC 60268-3:1988, Sound system equipmen
44、t Part 3: Amplifiers. IEC 60315-1:1988, Methods of measurement on radio receivers for various classes of emission Part1: General considerations and methods of measurement, including audio-frequency measurements. IEC 60315-3:1989, Methods of measurement on radio receivers for various classes of emiss
45、ion Part3: Receiver for amplitude-modulated sound-broadcasting emissions. IEC 60315-7:1995, Methods of measurement on radio receivers for various classes of emission Part7: Methods of measurement on digital satellite radio (DSR) receivers. IEC 60315-9:1996, Methods of measurement on radio receivers
46、for various class of emission Part9: Measurement of the characteristics relevant to Radio Data System (RDS) reception. IEC 60651:1979, Sound level meters. IEC 61260:1995, Electroacoustics Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters. CISPR 16-1:1993, Specification for radio disturbance and immunit
47、y measuring apparatus and methods Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus. CISPR 20:1996, Limits and methods of measurement of immunity characteristics of sound and television broadcast receivers and associated equipment. ITU-R Recommendation 468-4:1990, Measurement of audio-frequ
48、ency. ITU-R Recommendation 559-2:1990, Objective measurement of radio-frequency protection ratios in LF, MF and HF broadcasting. 1.3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of IEC60315, the following definitions apply. 1.3.1 carrier frequency the mean value of the instantaneous frequency or the fr
49、equency generated in the absence of modulation. With a perfect modulation system in which no d.c. component and no non-linear distortion are involved, the two values are the same 1.3.2 instantaneous frequency deviation the difference between the instantaneous frequency of the modulated radio-frequency signal and the carrier frequency 1.3.3 peak frequency deviation the peak value of the instantaneous frequency deviation 1.3.4 peak-to-peak deviation twice
