1、BSI BS*EN*bLL94 Yb R Lb24bb 0554b20 TOT BRITISH STANDARD characteristic parameters of stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) systems The European Standard EN 61194 : 1995 has the status of a British Standard ICs 31.260 I NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LA 5s EN 51194 : 1996
2、 BSI BS*EN*bLL94 96 L624b69 0554623 946 Amd. No. Date BS EN 61194 : 1996 Text affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standaxd was entrusted by Technical Committee EPU47, Semiconductors, to Subcommittee EPL/47, Performance of optoelectronic semicondu
3、ctor devices and liquid crystal displays, upon which the foliowing bodies were represented British Telecommunications plc Federation of the Electronics Industry Ministry of Defence Nationai Supervising Inspectorate SI - Product Certification) United Kingdom optical Sensors Collaborative Association
4、This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1996 O BSI 1996 The following BSI references relate to the work on this Standard: Committee reference EPU4
5、7/3 Draft announced in BSI News Update, July 1996 ISBN O 580 26038 O BSI BSmENfb1194 96 1b24bb9 0554622 882 BS EN 61194 : 1996 Contents Committees responsible inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 61194 3 Nationai annex NA (infodve) Original IEC kxt amended by CENELEC common
6、modifications 15 O SI 1996 i BSI BSUENUbLL4 b W 3b24bb 0554b23 719 BS EN 61194 : 1996 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Subcommittee EPY47B and is the English ianguage version of EN 61194 : 1995, Ghamcteristic parameters of stand-alone photovoltaic (Pv systems, published b
7、y the European Committee for Electrotechnica Standardization (CENELEC. It was derived by CENELEC from IEC 1194 : 1992, published by the International Electrotechnicd Commission (IEC). The CENELEC common modifications have been implemented at the appropriate places in the text and are indicated by a
8、side line in the margin. Parts of the oriw IEC text that have been modified by CENELEC have been quoted in the national annex NA. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. ii O BSI 1996 BSI BS*EN*bL194 96 1624669 0554624 655 = EUROPEAN SIANDARD EN
9、61194 NORlVE EUROPENNE EUROP - comparison between on-site measured and projected performance, both extrapo- lated to standard test conditions (STC). Specialized documents related to specific applications and/or to specific uses (designing, performance prediction and measurement) may be issued, if ne
10、cessary. NOTE - The minimum requirements, when applicable, are represented in boxes in the figures and the text. Recommended optional requirements are also given. Example I UN nominal voltage W Weight 1 minimum requirement optional requirement The numbering of subclauses is arbitrary and may not be
11、the same for specific data sheets. 2 PV-system description 2.1 Array field See annex A for example of array field components. 2.1.1 Modules Its characteristics as defined by the data sheets Pmax peak power at STC (W) AlTl overall area (including frame) (m2) 2.1.2 Panels n number of modules in a pane
12、l overall panel area (including frame, module inter spacing, reflectors, etc.) BSI BS*EN*b1194 96 D 1624669 0554627 364 D Page 4 EN 61194 : 1996 2.1.3 Array NM number of modules A, overall area 2.1.4 Array field I total number of modules I Nm total panel number in PV array field NP Np = N, I n title
13、d angle from horizontal (degrees) a azimuth (degrees) from south in northern hemisphere, from north in southern hemisphere, negative to east, positive to west adjustable orientation, if applicable (number of the yearly adjustments and duration of each period) - tracking, if applicable - 2.2 Storage
14、sub-system See annex A for example of storage sub-system components. 2.2.1 Cell its characteristics as defined by the data sheets un nominal voltage CIO nominal capacity ClOO rated capacity (100 h rate) - type of electrochemical cell BSI BS+EN*h11Y b 9 I1624bb3 0554628 2TO Page 5 EN 61194 : 1995 num
15、ber of cells (series connected) number of batteries connected in parallel nc U, or UN nominal voltage Ue = n U, “b I (U) ur final voltage at end of discharge voltage (V) (Ah) (“Cl I rated capacity (1 O0 h rate) at no mi na1 tempe rature I 2.2.2 Battery - - - presence of over charging control device
16、presence of deep discharge control device W weight v volume 2.2.3 Storage control unit Its characteristics as defined by the data sheets - presence of monitoring and safety devices us nominal voltage (U) (Jrnax maximum input voltage (U) maximum controlled power (W) maximum controlled currents (A) -
17、during charge and discharge during charge and discharge - BSI BS*EN*bLL4 b = Lb24bb 0554629 L37 Page 6 EN 61194 : 1996 2.3 Energy control and conversion 2.3.1 Inverter Its characteristics as defined by the data sheets nominal output power (W) maximum output power (W) input voltage tu) maximum input
18、voltage (U) minimum input voltage (U) output voltage (U) frequency (W and specified time period allowed type of wave number of phases total harmonic distortion 2.3.2 Other devices (Maximum power point tracking - MPPT - DC/DC convertors, etc.) Their characteristics as defined by the data sheets nomin
19、al output power (W) input voltage (VI nominal output voltage (V) “min urnax maximum and minimum input voltages (U) Imins I max maximum and minimum input currents (A) - - - - frequency (steady state) NOTE - For 2.3.1 and 2.3.2 characteristics are as defined in IEC publications (under consideration).
20、2.4 Loads 2.4.1 Entire load - nominal global energy demand profile.during reference time period maximum projected required power (W) - maximum and minimum projected currents (A) minimum and maximum allowed voltage (v) - - - - BSI BS*EN*b1194 b lb24bb 0554b30 759 W Page 7 EN 61194 : 1995 2.4.2 Each l
21、oad Their characteristics as defined by the data sheets. nominal input voltage (U) minimum and maximum input voltages (U) nominal input power (W) maximum input power (W) nominal input current (A) maximum input current (and duration) (A) nominal cos 9, if applicable load characteristics (constant pow
22、er, constant impedance, etc.) tY Pe form of end-use energy (electrical, mechanical, thermal, .radiant, hydraulic . . .) 2.5 Backup generators - type and functions nominal power (W) nominal voltage (U) - - NOTE - A backup generator is not designed to contribute to the total electrical energy delivery
23、 during the reference period. 2.6 System electrical layout 2.6.1 Schematic block diagram 2.6.2 Array cabling 2.6.3 (schematic block diagram with diodes) Protection and safety devices - Overall layout with location of: - equipment protect ions - personnel protections - overvoltage and lightning prote
24、ctions - grounding - others Page 8 EN 61194 : 1995 3 Envlronmental parameters 3.1 3.1 -1 Reference period Time periods to be considered Time period being used to calculate and design the PV-system. Pro- jected performance shall be obtained during this period. N, (hours) and Nd (days). In the case wh
25、ere the reference period is longer than three months, it is recommended to give mean and monthly performances. 3.1.2 Period of intended use During such a period energy delivered by the PV-system is expected to be consumed. Such periods could be based on: - days - weeks - seasons 3.2 Site - latitude,
26、 longitude (degrees) - altitude (m) (mandatory i limits are imposed) Tamd Tamj - - “max mean daylight ambient temperature during the reference time period mean daily ambient temperature during the reference time period (OC) (OC) on site maximum ambient temperature. on site minimum ambient temperatur
27、e. on site maximum wind speed (“Cl (“Cl (m.s-) during the reference penad I - mean annual wind speed (m.s-) - overall site layout - ground area occupied by the PV-System (m2) NOTE - These parameters may be detennined by mutual agreement and should be. if a specific site is known. in the closest acco
28、rdance with available meteorological data andior local design codes. BSI BS*EN*b1194 96 W 16246b9 0554632 721 Page 9 EN 61194 : 1995 3.3 Reference pyranometric data G global irradiance on horizontal plane (kW. m-2). H global irradiation on horizontal plane (kWh - m-2) and the following indexes will
29、be used: I in plane dir direct dif diffuse N normal Two curves shall be defined, considered as reference curves by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser of the PV-System: G global irradiance on horizontal plane (W. GI versus time during a day in plane total irradiance (W/m) versus time during
30、 a day These two curves shall be representative of a mean day. (See also “Solar day”, IEC publication under consideration.) H mean horizontal daily global (kWh - m-2 per day) irradiation during the reference period mean in plane daily global irradiation during the reference period mean in plane dail
31、y diffuse irradiation during the reference period (kWh - m-2 per day) HI (kWh . m-2 per day) Ydif maximum in plane daily total irradiation occurring at least one time in the reference period number of consecutive days without direct irradiation, occurring ai least one time during the year and probab
32、le period during the year (kWh - m-2 by day) imax JO 4 Performance parameters All the parameters Introduced in the following section may be obtained either during the design stage or as the resuit of evaluation tests. The following are not pcovlded: - methods of computation to obtain the above-menti
33、oned parameters, - methods of extrapolation to the reference conditions, - limits of acceptance (accuracy, tolerance, etc.) of parameters resulting from checking. Page 10 EN 61194 : 1996 The above information may be subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser of the PV-System, or
34、 else based on standards whether existing or yet to be laid down (IEC publication under consideration). 4.1 Instantaneous performance (power related) 4.1 .1 Array field Nominal and/or minimum PV curves at the end of array field, before storage unit and before inverter and loads, for follwing irradia
35、nce and temperature conditions: a) in plane irradiance values: 1 000 w - m-2 800 W - m-* 500 W. m-2 b) corresponding cell temperature 1 T for Tam, = 20 OC and wind speed of 1 rn . s- T.1 O00 rCsm =NOCT c500 Recommended additional irradiance values BSI BS*EN*b1194 b 16246b 0554634 5T4 Page 11 EN 6119
36、4 : 1995 4.1.2 Storage control unit Voltage control levels at 7-b = UC, Tab Td UM upperalannievel Uh upper voltage disconnecting levei (voltage Ievcl when stopping storage charge) UR storage discharge) voltage control level (voltage level when restarting UN nominal voltage level Ur storage charge) v
37、oltage conto1 level (voltage level when restarting U, stopping storage discharge) lower voltage disconnecting level (voltage levei when iai lower alarm level type of control depth of battery discharge Page 12 EN 61194 : 1995 4.1.3 Storage sub-system at Tami and for conditions as defined in 2.4 O, da
38、ily depth of discharge (% of C,) Da annual depth of discharge (% of C,OO) (d .o .d.) at this discharge level storage unit voltage value shall be higher than U, 4.2 Cumulative performance during a time period (energy related) If not specified, projected performance during these time periods is given
39、with backup generators disconnected. 4.2.1 Short-term performance The following projected performance shall be given for total irradiations as follows: Y HiM = 1,2 Hi Hi, = 0,8 Hi (kWh - m-* per day) (kWh - m-2 per day) (kWh m-2 per day) Electrical energies delivered by PV array at iam ambient tempe
40、rature, wind speed of 1 ms“ and with following conditions: - at the point before storage unit and/or inverter and/or loads - including wiring and diodes losses - array nominal voltage of PV-system as defined by manufacturer, taking into account the voitage range of the PV-generator, load and battery
41、. 4.2.2 Long-term performance (during reference period) The following parameters shall be given: a) energies Irradiations to be used are: sum of in plane total irradiations during the reference period (rp= reference period) sum of horizontal global irradiations during the reference period (kWh - m-2
42、) Hlrp Hm H, = cy Hrp = c H (kWh - m-2) BSI BS*EN*bLL94 96 W Lb24669 0554636 377 Page 13 EN 61194 : 1995 Parameters to be determined are: orientation coefficient on the reference period defined as: KO KO = %p/“rp electrical energy delivered by PV array (kWh1 at array terminal under nominal condition
43、s E, active electrical energy delivered to loads (kWh1 with the same conditions as above It is recommended that calculation hypotheses such as MPPT, fixed voltage, etc. be detailed. b) energy ratio KG overall energy ratio KG = Eu/(P0 - t) with t equal to number of hours during the reference period c
44、) efficiencies h, photovoltaic array effective conversion efficiency (“/I d) photovoltaic-system availability for the reference period and for the reference energy demand profile: where hd % hs hu sum of hours of, non-availability of useful energy during the reference period due to voltage level low
45、er than b till the voltage level U, is reached sum of hours of non-availability of useful energy during the reference period due to PV-system breakdowns and repairs sum of hours of non-availability of useful energy during the reference period due to PV-system maintenance sum of hours of electric ene
46、rgy demand during the reference period, deduced from the reference energy demand profile Page 14 EN 61194 : 1995 Annex A Array field and storage su b-s y s t e m com p o ne n t s Array sub-field . . ,U . (:I - 1.1 I I . Su b-array IEC 1205192 Figure A.l - Array field components Battery 1 Battery 2 B
47、attery 3 Storage sub-unit L - . . v= v, Figure A.2 - Storage sub-system components BSI BS*EN*bLL94 96 W Lb24669 0554638 L4T W EN 61194 : 1995 National annex NA (informative) Original IEC text amended by CENELEC common modifications 4. Performance parameters The text of this 4.1.2 has been replaced.
48、It read as follows. 4.1 -2 Storage control unit (U) voltage control levels 1 at iamb = 20 OC, iamb maximum, ia, minimum alh upper alarm level h UR UN nominal voltage level ur alb lower alarm level upper control level (voltage level when stopping storage charge) voltage control level (voltage level w
49、hen restarting storage charge) voltage level restarting storage discharge lower control level (voltage level when stopping storage discharge) - type of control - depth of battery discharge Mandatory when these levels exist. in 4.2.2 under the heading a) energies, the symbol for the second parameter to be determined has been altered from EPv to Epv. A new third parameter Eu has been added. Under the heading c) efficiencies, in the formula for h, %pu has been replaced by Epv. 15 BSI BS*EN*b1194 96 1624669 05
