1、Fibre optic interconnectingdevices and passive components Basic test and measurementprocedures Part 3-2: Examinations and measurements Polarization dependent loss in a single-mode fibre optic deviceBS EN 61300-3-2:2009raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED B
2、Y COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 61300-3-2:2009. It isidentical to IEC 61300-3-2:2009. It supersedes BS EN 61300-3-12:1997 andBS EN 61300-3-2:1999, which are withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Te
3、chnical CommitteeGEL/86, Fibre optics, to Subcommittee GEL/86/2, Fibre optic interconnectingdevices and passive components.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of aco
4、ntract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 54779 9ICS 33.180.20BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61300-3-2:2009Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and
5、 Strategy Committee on 30 April 2009Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61300-3-2 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM March 2009 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komi
6、tee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2009 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61300-3-2:2009 E ICS 33.180.20 Supersedes EN 61300-3-2:1999 and EN 61300-3-12:1997Engli
7、sh version Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components - Basic test and measurement procedures - Part 3-2: Examinations and measurements - Polarization dependent loss in a single-mode fibre optic device (IEC 61300-3-2:2009) Dispositifs dinterconnexion et composants passifs fibres opti
8、ques - Mthodes fondamentales dessais et de mesures - Partie 3-2: Examens et mesures - Pertes dpendant de la polarisation dans les dispositifs fibres optiques unimodales (CEI 61300-3-2:2009) Lichtwellenleiter -Verbindungselemente und passive Bauteile - Grundlegende Prf- und Messverfahren - Teil 3-2:
9、Untersuchungen und Messungen - Polarisationsabhngiger Verlust in Einmoden- Lichtwellenleiter-Bauteilen (IEC 61300-3-2:2009) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2009-02-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for g
10、iving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three officia
11、l versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committ
12、ees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United
13、 Kingdom. BS EN 61300-3-2:2009EN 61300-3-2:2009 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 86B/2783/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 61300-3-2, prepared by SC 86B, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components, of IEC TC 86, Fibre optics, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was app
14、roved by CENELEC as EN 61300-3-2 on 2009-02-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 61300-3-2:1999 and EN 61300-3-12:1997. EN 61300-3-2:2009 includes both the all-states method (EN 61300-3-2:1999) and the Mueller matrix method (EN 61300-3-12:1997). The following dates were fixed: latest date by whi
15、ch the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-11-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2010-02-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The
16、 text of the International Standard IEC 61300-3-2:2009 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ BS EN 61300-3-2:2009- 3 - EN 61300-3-2:2009 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The fol
17、lowing referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified
18、 by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 61300-3-29 -1)Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components - Basic test and measurement procedures - Part 3-29: Examinations and measurements - Measurement techniques for cha
19、racterising the amplitude of the spectral transfer function of DWDM components EN 61300-3-29 + corr. November 20062)2006 1)Undated reference. 2)Valid edition at date of issue. BS EN 61300-3-2:2009 2 61300-3-2 IEC:2009(E) CONTENTS 1 Scope and object5 2 Normative references .5 3 Measurement methods .5
20、 3.1 All states method.5 3.2 Mueller matrix method .6 4 Apparatus.7 4.1 Optical source (S) .7 4.2 Temporary joint (TJ)7 4.3 Polarization state change system (PSCS)8 4.3.1 All states method.8 4.3.2 Mueller matrix method .9 4.4 Reference branching device (RBD) (optional)9 4.5 Detectors (D).9 4.6 Data
21、read-out / recording / processing devices10 5 Procedure 10 5.1 Preparation of specimens10 5.2 Pre-conditioning 10 5.3 Initial measurements .10 5.4 Test precautions10 5.5 Reference measurement .10 5.6 Device measurement.11 6 Data analysis12 6.1 All states method.12 6.2 Mueller matrix method .13 7 Det
22、ails to be specified 14 Annex A (informative) Measurement uncertainties .15 Figure 1 Polarization mapping of deterministic and pseudo-random techniques .6 Figure 2 Measurement apparatus.7 Figure 3 Examples of PSCS for the all states method (deterministic and random)8 Figure 4 Polarization state chan
23、ge system (example).9 Figure 5 Reference measurement apparatus11 Figure A.1 All states apparatus uncertainty (example: see text for details).15 Figure A.2 Alternate apparatus for Mueller Matrix 16 BS EN 61300-3-2:200961300-3-2 IEC:2009(E) 5 FIBRE OPTIC INTERCONNECTING DEVICES AND PASSIVE COMPONENTS
24、BASIC TEST AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES Part 3-2: Examination and measurements Polarization dependent loss in a single-mode fibre optic device 1 Scope This part of IEC 61300 specifies measurement methods to determine the dependence of loss in a single-mode fibre optic device to changes in polarization
25、. This procedure focuses on measurements with a fixed wavelength source; therefore, this procedure is applicable to devices whose properties at a single wavelength can represent those over the broader wavelength band. Typical examples of such devices are single-mode interconnecting devices and passi
26、ve components, including connectors, splices, branching devices, attenuators, isolators, and switches. The maximum observed variation in transmission loss is referred to as polarization-dependent-loss (PDL). This standard applies to broadband devices and not to narrow-band devices like filters and m
27、ultiplexers. The reader is referred to IEC 61300-3-29 for such measurements. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the refer
28、enced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61300-3-29, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement procedures Part 3-29: Examinations and measurements Measurement techniques for characterising the amplitude of the spectral transfer function of DW
29、DM components 3 Measurement methods Two methods for measuring polarization-dependent-loss are described. The all states method determines the maximum variation in transmission loss by stimulating with a representative set of all possible polarization states including linear, circular, and elliptical
30、. The Mueller matrix method determines the sensitivity using a set of fixed states and applying the Mueller matrix mathematical analysis. This procedure originally consisted of only one method, but has been updated to incorporate the technique previously described by IEC 61300-3-121. That standard w
31、ill be discontinued. 3.1 All states method In this method, the PDL is determined by rotating the source polarization over a representative set of all possible polarization states while monitoring the transmission 1IEC 61300-3-12, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test
32、and measurement procedures Part 3-12:Examinations and measurements Polarization dependence of attenuation of a single-mode fibre optic component: Matrix calculation method BS EN 61300-3-2:2009 6 61300-3-2 IEC:2009(E) response of the device using a power meter. The rotation can be accomplished in eit
33、her a deterministic or a pseudo-random fashion. The term “deterministic” refers to techniques that scan a large subset of the entire polarization state space in a repeatable way. This method scans the Poincar sphere along predetermined trajectories to produce a good approximation of full sphere cove
34、rage. The term “pseudo-random” refers to techniques that scan the polarization through a pseudo-random variation of retardance in the optical path, usually using the distributed retardance of optical fibre loops in motion. Figure 1 shows the difference in coverage between the two techniques. In eith
35、er case, the accuracy of the method is dependent on the degree of coverage over the Poincar sphere due to the combination of the states generated by the polarization controller and the response time of the power detector with respect to the polarization scan rate. IEC 2363/08 Figure 1 Polarization m
36、apping of deterministic and pseudo-random techniques 3.2 Mueller matrix method The Mueller matrix method involves the measurement of the behaviour of a device under test, DUT, when illuminated by a small set of well-defined states of polarization of input light. These measurements are followed by a
37、matrix calculation to determine the PDL of the DUT. Generally, there are two matrix formalisms that can describe and quantify the polarization behaviour of light based on Mueller and Jones calculus respectively. For fully polarized light, as required for the PDL measurements, the Mueller and Jones f
38、ormalisms are equivalent. Since measurements with polarization instrumentation on only one side of the DUT directly obtain the necessary elements of the Mueller matrix, that is elements corresponding to power ratios rather than field amplitude and phase, the test procedure described here uses Muelle
39、r mathematics to determine PDL. The Mueller matrix formalism entails an optical power representation of the performance of components. This matrix is a square 16-element matrix. Here, the state of polarization (SOP) of light is described as a 4-element Stokes vector. The Stokes vector of the inciden
40、t light multiplied by the Mueller matrix of the DUT gives the Stokes vector of the output light, and this output light may be from transmission, reflection or scattering. In the determination of PDL of a component using Mueller matrices, it is normally not necessary to determine the full Mueller mat
41、rix but rather only the first row of the matrix, which provides complete information on light intensity but not on the resultant state of polarization. The accuracy of the method is dependent on the source wavelength stability, the system signal to noise ratio, and the drift in system birefringence.
42、 BS EN 61300-3-2:200961300-3-2 IEC:2009(E) 7 4 Apparatus The basic apparatus for making PDL measurements is shown in Figure 2. Source PSCS RDB DUT D1 D2 Data recording TJTJIEC 2364/08 Figure 2 Measurement apparatus The apparatus consists of the following devices. 4.1 Optical source (S) An optical so
43、urce capable of producing the spectral characteristics defined in the relevant specification (both wavelength and spectral width) shall be used. Unless otherwise specified in the relevant specification, the spectral width shall be appropriate for the degree of wavelength resolution required. The sou
44、rce power must be capable of meeting the dynamic range requirements of the measurement when combined with the detector sensitivity. The source must be polarized to at least 13 dB extinction ratio, unless otherwise specified in the relevant specification. An extinction ratio of 20 dB may be used to a
45、ssure that this parameter makes no significant contribution to the measurement uncertainty. If the source is not already polarized to this level, a polarizer should be used to maintain this extinction ratio over the range of wavelengths of the measurement. The optical power stability, degree of pola
46、rization (DOP), state of polarization (SOP) stability, and wavelength stability of the source shall be sufficient to achieve the desired measurement accuracy over the duration of the measurement. For some applications, a narrow linewidth source such as a single longitudinal mode laser may be used th
47、ough care shall be exercised to prevent back-reflections that could lead to multi-path interference and resulting spurious PDL. The output from this source is either via a single-mode fibre or a coupling system capable of launching into a single-mode fibre. Care shall be taken that only the fundamen
48、tal transverse mode of the fibre is propagating as outlined in Clause 5. NOTE Multimode lasers may not provide sufficient polarization stability for this measurement. 4.2 Temporary joint (TJ) This is a method, device, or mechanical fixture for temporarily aligning two fibre ends into a reproducible,
49、 low-loss, low-PDL joint. This may be mechanical connectors, mechanical splices, a direct optical launch into the pigtail, or a splice onto the sources pigtail. Typically, a fusion splice is used after the polarization controller since mechanical connections may exhibit some polarization sensitivity if the end-faces are not perpendicular to the fibre axis. The stability and insertion loss of the temporary joint shall be compatible with the required measuremen
