1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 2361:1995 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Electrodeposited nickel coatings on magnetic and non-magnetic substrates Measurement of coating thickness Magnetic method The European Standard EN ISO 2361:1994 has the status of a British StandardBSENISO2361:1995 This British Standa
2、rd, having been prepared under the directionof the Surface Coatings (other than Paints) Standards Committee, was published underthe authority of the BoardofBSI and comes intoeffecton 31 January 1984 BSI 03-2000 First published February 1977 First revision January 1984 The following BSI references re
3、late to the work on this standard: Committee reference SRC/14 Draft for comment 80/55127 DC ISBN 0 580 13659 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Surface Coatings (other than Paints) Standards Committee (SRC/-) to Technical
4、Committee SRC/14 upon which the following bodies were represented: Aluminium Federation Association of Manufacturers of Domestic Electrical Appliances Association of Metal Sprayers British Anodising Association British Industrial Fasteners Federation British Jewellers Association British Telecommuni
5、cations City of London Polytechnic Department of Trade and Industry (National Physical Laboratory) Institute of Metal Finishing Institution of Corrosion Science and Technology Metal Finishing Association Ministry of Defence NDT Trade Association Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited Coo
6、pted member Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 8484 July 1995 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBSENISO2361:1995 BSI 03-2000 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 1 Scope and field of application 3 2 References 3
7、 3 Principle 3 4 Factors affecting the measuring accuracy 3 5 Calibration of instruments 4 6 Procedure 5 7 Accuracy requirement 6 Publications referred to Inside back coverBSENISO2361:1995 ii BSI 03-2000 National foreword This revised Part of BS 5411 has been prepared under the direction of the Surf
8、ace Coatings (other than Paints) Standards Committee. It is identical with the 1982 edition of ISO 2361 “Electrodeposited nickel coatings on magnetic and non-magnetic substrates Measurement of coating thickness Magnetic method”, which was prepared with the active participation and approval of the Un
9、ited Kingdom, by Subcommittee2, Methods of inspection and co-ordination of test methods, of Technical Committee107, Metallic and other non-organic coatings, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This Part of BS5411 supersedes BS5411-9:1977 which is now withdrawn. In 1994 the E
10、uropean Committee for Standardization (CEN) accepted ISO2361:1982 as European Standard EN ISO 2361:1994. As a consequence of implementing the European Standard this British Standard is renumbered as BSEN ISO 2361:1995 and any reference to BS 5411-9 should read as a reference to BS EN ISO 2361:1995.
11、This edition of BS 5411-9 differs from the previous edition in the following principal respects. a) Advice on the positioning of the instrument probe has been expanded. b) The relaxation, under certain conditions, of the accuracy requirements of the method is no longer permitted. c) The warning that
12、 strong magnetic fields can seriously interfere with the operation of instruments is now confined to those instruments which employ a stationary magnetic field. Terminology and conventions. The text of the International Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard wit
13、hout deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. The comma has been used as a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal
14、 marker. Where the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this standard, they should be read as “Part of this British Standard”. The Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO 2177 to which reference is made in 5.2.1 and has decided that it is acceptable for use in conjuncti
15、on with this standard. A British Standard related to ISO 2177 is BS5411 “Methods of test for metallic and related coatings” Part 4 “Coulometric method for the measurement of coating thickness”. Cross-references International Standard Corresponding British Standard BS 5411 Methods of test for metalli
16、c and related coatings ISO 1463:1982 Part 5:1984 Measurement of local thickness of metal and oxide coatings by the microscopical examination of cross-sections (Identical) ISO 2064:1980 Part 1:1980 Definitions and conventions concerning the measurement of thickness (Identical)BSENISO2361:1995 BSI 03-
17、2000 iii A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document c
18、omprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi toiv, theENISO title page, pages2 to6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.iv
19、 blankEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 2361 January 1995 ICS 25.220.40 Descriptors: Nickel coatings, dimensional measurements, thickness English version Electrodeposited nickel coatings on magnetic and non-magnetic substrates Measurement of coatingthickness Magnetic method (I
20、SO 2361:1982) Revtements lectrolytiques de nickel sur mtal de base magntique et non magntique Mesurage de lpaisseur Mthode magntique (ISO 2361:1982) Electrolytischerzeugte Nickelschichten auf magnetischen und nichtmagnetischen Grundmetallen Messen der Schichtdicke Magnetverfahren (ISO 2361:1982) Thi
21、s European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-10-03. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
22、concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions. (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into it
23、s own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switze
24、rland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1995 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN ISO 2361:1995 EENISO2361:1995 BSI 03-2000 2 Foreword This Eur
25、opean Standard has been taken over by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 262, Protection of metallic materials against corrosion, from the work of ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This document was submitted to the formal vot
26、e and was adopted by CEN as a European Standard. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 1995, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 1995. In acc
27、ordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.ENI
28、SO2361:1995 BSI 03-2000 3 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard specifies the method of using coating thickness instruments of the magnetic type for non-destructive measurements of the thickness of electrodeposited nickel coatings on magnetic or non-magnetic substrates. The me
29、thod may not be applicable to autocatalytic (electroless) nickel coatings depending on their chemical composition. For the purposes of this International Standard, two types of nickel coating are distinguished: a) nickel coatings on magnetic substrates (typeAcoatings); b) nickel coatings on non-magn
30、etic substrates (type B coatings). It should not be assumed that all instruments are applicable to both types of coating. The effective measuring ranges of instruments using the principle of magnetic attraction are up to504m for type A coatings, and up to 254m for typeB coatings. For instruments usi
31、ng the principle of reluctance, the effective ranges are much greater and measurements up to 1 mm, or more, can be made on both types of coating. 2 References ISO 1463, Metallic and oxide coatings Measurement of coating thickness Microscopical method. ISO 2064, Metallic and other non-organic coating
32、s Definitions and conventions concerning the measurement of thickness. ISO 2177, Metallic coatings Measurement of coating thickness Coulometric method by anodic dissolution 1) . 3 Principle Coating thickness instruments of the magnetic type measure either the magnetic attraction between a permanent
33、magnet and the coating/substrate combination, or the reluctance of a magnetic flux path passing through the coating and the substrate. 4 Factors affecting the measuring accuracy 2) The following factors may affect the accuracy of measurements of coating thickness. 4.1 Coating thickness The precision
34、 of a measurement changes with coating thickness depending on the instrument design. For thin coatings, the precision is constant, independent of the thickness. For thick coatings, the precision is an approximately constant fraction of the thickness. 4.2 Magnetic properties of the basis metal (typeA
35、 coatings only) Thickness measurements by the magnetic method are affected by variations in the magnetic properties of the basis metal. For practical purposes, magnetic variations in low carbon steels can be considered to be insignificant. 4.3 Basis metal thickness (type A coatings only) For each in
36、strument, there is a critical thickness of basis metal above which measurements will not be affected by an increase in thickness. Since it depends on the instrument probe and the nature of the basis metal, its value should be determined experimentally, unless it is specified by the manufacturer. 4.4
37、 Edge effects The method is sensitive to abrupt changes in surface contour of the test specimen. Therefore, measurements made too near an edge or inside corner will not be valid unless the instrument is specifically calibrated for such measurements. The effect may extend up to about 20mm from the di
38、scontinuity, depending on the instrument. 4.5 Curvature Measurements are affected by the curvature of the test specimen. The influence of curvature varies considerably with the make and type of instrument, but always becomes more pronounced as the radius of curvature decreases. Instruments with two-
39、pole probes may also produce different readings if the poles are aligned in planes parallel or perpendicular to the axis of a cylindrical surface. A similar effect can occur with a single-pole probe if the tip is unevenly worn. 1) At present at the stage of draft. (Revision of ISO 2177:1972.) 2) For
40、 the purpose of this International Standard, the measuring uncertainty is defined as that obtained with an instrument correctly calibrated and used.ENISO2361:1995 4 BSI 03-2000 Measurements made on curved test specimens may not, therefore, be valid unless the instrument is specifically calibrated fo
41、r such measurements. 4.6 Surface roughness If the range of a series of measurements, made within the same reference area (see ISO2064) on a rough surface, substantially exceeds the inherent repeatability of the instrument, the number of measurements required should be increased to at least five. 4.7
42、 Direction of mechanical working of the basis metal (type A coatings only) Measurements made by an instrument having a two-pole probe or an unevenly worn single-pole probe may be influenced by the direction in which the magnetic basis metal has been subjected to mechanical working (such as rolling),
43、 the reading changing with the orientation of the probe on the surface. 4.8 Residual magnetism (type A coatings only) Residual magnetism in the basis metal affects measurements made by instruments which employ a stationary magnetic field. Its influence on measurements made by reluctance instruments
44、employing an alternating magnetic field is much smaller (see 6.7). 4.9 Magnetic fields Strong magnetic fields, such as those produced by various types of electrical equipment, can seriously interfere with the operation of instruments which employ a stationary magnetic field (see 6.7). 4.10 Foreign p
45、articles The probes of the instruments have to make physical contact with the test surface because these instrument are sensitive to foreign material that prevents intimate contact between the probe and the surface of the coating. The probe tip should be checked for cleanliness. 4.11 Magnetic proper
46、ties of the coating Measurements are affected by variations in the magnetic properties of the coating. These properties depend on the conditions under which the deposit is made, the type and composition of the coating, and its stress conditions. Heat treatment at400 C for30 min will equalize the mag
47、netic permeability of dull (sulphur-free or nearly sulphur-free) nickel coatings of the same composition. Bright nickel deposits may or may not have the same magnetic properties after heat treatment; heat treatment may also damage the article. The magnetic properties of multiple layer nickel coating
48、s will also depend on the relative thickness of each of the layers. 4.12 Nickel coatings on the back of the substrate (type B coatings only) Nickel coatings on the back of the substrate can affect the measurements depending on the thickness of the substrate. 4.13 Probe pressure The poles of the test
49、 probe have to be applied at a constant but sufficiently high pressure, such that no deformation of the coating occurs. 4.14 Probe orientation The readings of instruments using the magnetic attraction principle may be affected by the orientation of the magnet in relation to the field of gravity of the earth. Thus, the operation of an instrument probe in a horizontal or upside-down position may require a different calibration, or may be impossible. 5 Calibration of instruments 5.1 General Before use, each instrument shall be calibrat
