1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 10870:2012Water quality Guidelinesfor the selection of samplingmethods and devices forbenthic macroinvertebrates infresh waters (ISO 10870:2012)BS EN ISO 10870:2012 BRI
2、TISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO10870:2012. It supersedes BS EN 27828:1994, BS EN 28265:1994and BS EN ISO 9391:1995 which are withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/3/5, Biological Methods.A list
3、of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimite
4、d 2012ISBN 978 0 580 66338 3ICS 13.060.70Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e
5、 dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10870 July 2012 ICS 13.060.70 Supersedes EN 27828:1994, EN 28265:1994, EN ISO 9391:1995English Version Water quality - Guidelines for the selection of sampling methods and devices for benthic macroinvertebrates in fresh waters (ISO 10870:201
6、2) Qualit de leau - Lignes directrices pour la slection des mthodes et des dispositifs dchantillonnage des macro-invertbrs benthiques dans les eaux douces (ISO 10870:2012) Wasserbeschaffenheit - Anleitung zur Auswahl von Probenahmeverfahren und -gerten fr benthische Makro-Invertebraten in Binnengews
7、sern (ISO 10870:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 June 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and
8、bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the re
9、sponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav
10、Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE N
11、ORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 10870:2012: EBS EN ISO 10870:2012EN ISO 10870:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This docume
12、nt (EN ISO 10870:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147 “Water quality“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
13、 an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not
14、 be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 27828:1994, EN 28265:1994, EN ISO 9391:1995. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standar
15、d: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
16、, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 10870:2012 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 10870:2012 without any modification. BS EN ISO 10870:2012ISO 10870:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Terms a
17、nd definitions . 13 Principle . 23.1 General . 23.2 Objectives 23.3 Sampling programmes . 33.4 Device and method selection . 34 Benthic macroinvertebrates sampling methods and devices . 34.1 General . 34.2 Handnet 34.3 Surber sampler . 74.4 Box sampler 94.5 Cylinder sampler . 114.6 Naturalists dredg
18、e 124.7 Ekman-Birge grab .144.8 Ponar grab .154.9 Van Veen grab .164.10 Polyp grab (orange peel grab) .184.11 Air-lift sampler 194.12 Core and tube samplers 224.13 Colonization samplers .23Bibliography .26BS EN ISO 10870:2012ISO 10870:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardiz
19、ation) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
20、 represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standard
21、s are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Internat
22、ional Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 10870 was pr
23、epared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 5, Biological methods.This first edition of ISO 10870 cancels and replaces ISO 7828:1985, ISO 8265:1988, and ISO 9391:1993, which have been technically revised.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10870:2012ISO 10870:2012(E
24、)IntroductionMacroinvertebrates are an important component of fresh-water ecosystems and are the most widely used biological group to monitor aquatic ecological status (Reference 6). A wide range of sampling and survey methodologies has been developed for a variety of specific applications as well a
25、s ecological assessment including: conservation status, biodiversity assessment, pollution control, and habitat enhancement (Reference 7).This International Standard gives guidelines on the selection, design, operation, and performance characteristics of sampling devices for the evaluation of benthi
26、c macroinvertebrate taxonomic composition, abundance, and diversity in fresh waters, which can all be components of the applications given in the first parargraph. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 10870:2012BS EN ISO 10870:2012Water quality Guidelines for the selection of sampling methods and
27、 devices for benthic macroinvertebrates in fresh watersWARNING Working in or around water is inherently dangerous. This International Standard does not purport to address the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate health and safety prac
28、tices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions.1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies criteria for the selection of sampling methods and devices (operation and performance characteristics) used to evaluate benthic macroinvertebrate populations in fresh waters (rivers, c
29、anals, lakes, and reservoirs). The methods and devices considered in this International Standard are suitable for sampling all major components of the benthic assemblage. They are not suitable for sampling meiofauna.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purpose of this document, the following terms and def
30、initions apply.2.1abundancetotal number of individuals in a taxon, per sampling unit or estimated per unit area2.2benthicdwelling at the bottom of an aquatic environment2.3canalartificial watercourse constructed, usually, to join rivers, lakes or seas, and often of a size suitable for navigationSOUR
31、CE: ISO 6107-2:2006,2152.4deep waterwater from 1 m below the water surface to the limiting depth for efficient sampling2.5diversityspecies richness of a community and the distribution of individuals across those species2.6habitatarea of the environment in which a particular organism or population li
32、ves, including its characteristic assemblages of plants and animals2.7lakeinland body of water of considerable areaSOURCE: ISO 6107-2:2006,2572.8macroinvertebrateinvertebrate that is easily visible without magnification (0,5 mm)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10870:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1B
33、S EN ISO 10870:2012ISO 10870:2012(E)2.9meio-faunasmall benthic invertebrates that pass unharmed through a 0,5 mm mesh2.10qualitative observationobservation that does not involve measurement or numbers2.11quantitative observationobservation that involves measurement or numbers2.12reservoirconstructio
34、n, partially or wholly man-made, for storage and/or regulation and control of waterSOURCE: ISO 6107-2:2006,21072.13rivernatural body of water flowing continuously or intermittently along a well-defined course into an ocean, sea, lake, inland depression, marsh or other watercourseSOURCE: ISO 6107-2:2
35、006,21092.14semi-quantitative observationobservation on a sample where the relative abundance of taxa can be estimated, but not numerically related to a specific area or volume of habitat2.15species/taxa compositionspecies/taxa list from the sampled habitat which can include the relative dominance (
36、number of benthic macroinvertebrates of a species/taxon divided by the total number of benthic macroinvertebrates of all species/taxa, expressed as a percentage)3 Principle3.1 GeneralIn order to evaluate benthic macroinvertebrate population parameters such as taxonomic composition, abundance, and di
37、versity in fresh waters, appropriate sampling devices are required. The choice of the appropriate sampling device depends on the objective of the study itself as well as on the water type and the benthic macroinvertebrate population being studied (Reference 6).Sampling methods are described in this
38、International Standard to cover the broad variety of fresh waters and the diversity of macroinvertebrate taxa and these habitats. The performance characteristics of the devices should be taken into account in order to achieve the best evaluation in the context of the objectives of the survey.3.2 Obj
39、ectivesThe methods given in this International Standard are suitable for a wide variety of objectives. These objectives include: assessment of ecological status, detection of change in surveillance, operational and investigational monitoring programmes, diagnosis of environmental stress, and the ass
40、essment of both acute and chronic stressors (pollution control). The methods are also suitable for conservation and biodiversity assessments with measurement of both community parameters and appraisal of rare species status. Many of the methods are used both routinely and in research studies (Refere
41、nces 61114). Guidance on the analysis of results from benthic macroinvertebrate surveys is given in ISO 8689-13and ISO 8689-2.42 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10870:2012ISO 10870:2012(E)3.3 Sampling programmesThe design of a sampling programme depends on the aims of the survey and the requir
42、ed power of discrimination of the data. The programme should be developed with regard to the local topographical and hydrological conditions in the survey area, information on local environmental stressors, and knowledge from previous surveys (if any). The number of sampling stations, their position
43、s, season or seasons of sampling, and the numbers of replicate samples to be taken at each station should be established prior to the initiation of the survey, or through a pilot survey (Reference 6). The design of the programme determines the options for data treatment and statistical analyses that
44、 can be performed; therefore, prior consideration should be accorded to the reporting requirements. Quality assurance of sampling and analysis should also be considered at this stage. Further general guidance on survey design is given in ISO 5667-1.1During the design of the sampling programme, consi
45、deration should be given to the possibility of transferring diseases (e.g. crayfish plague) and the dispersal of non-native invasive species. Appropriate precautionary measures should be included in the operation of any of the devices to prevent such transfers.3.4 Device and method selectionThe meth
46、ods and devices given in this International Standard have been chosen to achieve a good evaluation for the broad variety of inland waters and the diversity of macroinvertebrate taxa. The methods and devices are suitable for routine monitoring and for some research purposes. Methods and devices suita
47、ble only for research purposes have been excluded. Detailed guidance on the design of sampling equipment, the mode of operation and the scope of characteristics can be found in Clause 4. Three main selection criteria have been evaluated in recommending suitable methods/devices for sampling different
48、 habitats. The three criteria are: suitability for operation in flowing or standing fresh waters; suitability for operation in shallow or deep fresh waters; the ability to provide results that are qualitative, quantitative or semi-quantitative.Table 1 indicates which devices are appropriate for each
49、 habitat and in which section each device can be found.4 Benthic macroinvertebrates sampling methods and devices4.1 GeneralBenthic macroinvertebrates may be caught by active sampling or passive sampling (colonization samplers). For all sampling methods, seasonal aspects of macroinvertebrate life cycles should be considered and taken into account. The efficiency of active and passive sampling may also vary depending on the time (day/night) of use; therefore the details of these aspects of use should be record
