1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 12945-2:2000 Th
2、e European Standard EN ISO 12945-2:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.080.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Textiles Determination of fabric propensity to surface fuzzing and to pilling Part 2: Modified Martindale methodThis British Standard, hav
3、ing been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 2000 BSI 09-2000 ISBN 0 580 36180 2 BS EN ISO 12945-2:2000 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date C
4、omments National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 12945-2:2000. It is identical with ISO 12945-2:2000. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Physical testing of textiles, which has the responsibility to:
5、aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organiz
6、ations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. Th
7、e British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A
8、British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a
9、front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 13, the annex ZA page, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issu
10、ed.EUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO129452 July2000 ICS59.080.10 Englishversion TextilesDeterminationoffabricpropensitytosurfacefuzzing andtopillingPart2:ModifiedMartindalemethod(ISO12945 2:2000) TextilesDterminationdelapropensiondestoffes lbouriffageensurfaceetauboulochagePartie2
11、: MthodeMartindalemodifie(ISO129452:2000) TextilienBestimmungderNeigungvontextilen FlchengebildenzurFlusenbildungaufderOberflcheund derPillneigungTeil2:ModifiziertesMartindaleVerfahren (ISO129452:2000) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon3June2000. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInter
12、nalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeoffic
13、ialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France
14、,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG CentralSecretariat:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2000CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyfor
15、mandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO129452:2000E2egaP 0002:254921OSINE Foreword ThetextoftheInternationalStandardISO129452:2000hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommittee ISO/TC38“Textiles“incollaborationwithTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC248“Textilesandtextileproducts“, thesecretari
16、atofwhichisheldbyBSI. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidentical textorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyJanuary2001,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawn atthelatestbyJanuary2001 . AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandard
17、sorganizationsof thefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark, Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal, Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom. Endorsementnotice ThetextoftheInternationalSt
18、andardISO129452:2000wasapprovedbyCENasaEuropeanStandard withoutanymodification. NOTE:NormativereferencestoInternationalStandardsarelistedinannexZA(normative).Referencenumber ISO12945-2:2000(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12945-2 Firstedition 2000-07-01 TextilesDeterminationoffabric propensitytosurfac
19、efuzzing andtopilling Part2: ModifiedMartindalemethod TextilesDterminationdelapropensiondestoffeslbouriffageen surfaceetauboulochage Partie2:MthodeMartindalemodifiISO12945-2:2000(E) ii ISO12945-2:2000(E)iii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normativereferences1 3 Termsanddefinition
20、s.1 4 Principle2 5 Apparatus.2 6 Auxiliarymaterials.8 7 Conditioningandtestingatmosphere.9 8 Preparationoftestspecimens.9 9 Procedure.9 10 Assessmentoffuzzingand/orpilling10 11 Results11 12 Testreport11 AnnexA(normative)Categoriesofpillingtest.12 Bibliography13ISO12945-2:2000(E) iv Foreword ISO(theI
21、nternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISO memberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnical committees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhas therighttoberepre
22、sentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmental,in liaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnical Commission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization. InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgi
23、venintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3. DraftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtothememberbodiesforvoting. PublicationasanInternationalStandardrequiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote. AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthispartofISO12945
24、maybethesubjectof patentrights.ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights. InternationalStandardISO12945-2waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC38,Textiles. ISO12945consistsofthefollowingparts,underthegeneraltitleTextilesDeterminationoffabricpropensityto surfacefuzzingandtopil
25、ling: Part1:Pillingboxmethod Part2:ModifiedMartindalemethod Part3:Determinationusingarandomtumblemethod AnnexAformsanormativepartofthispartofISO12945.ISO12945-2:2000(E)v Introduction Pillsareformedwhenfibresonafabricsurface“teaseout”andbecomeentangledduringwear.Suchsurface deteriorationisgenerallyun
26、desirable,butthedegreeofconsumertoleranceforagivenlevelofpillingwilldepend onthegarmenttypeandfabricenduse. Generallythelevelofpillingwhichdevelopsisdeterminedbytheratesofthefollowingparallelprocesses: a)fibreentanglementleadingtopillformation; b) developmentofmoresurfacefibre; c) fibreandpillwear-o
27、ff. Theratesoftheseprocessesdependonthefibre,yarnandfabricproperties.Examplesofextremesituationsare foundinfabricscontainingstrongfibresversusfabriccontainingweakfibres.Aconsequenceofthestrongfibreisa rateofpillformationthatexceedstherateofwear-off.Thisresultsinanincreaseofpillingwithanincreaseofwea
28、r. Withaweakfibretherateofpillformationcompeteswiththerateofwear-off.Thiswouldresultinafluctuationof pillingwithanincreaseofwear.Thereareotherconstructionsthatthesurfacefibrewear-offoccursbeforepill formation.Eachoftheseexamplesdemonstratesthecomplexityofevaluatingthesurfacechangeondifferent typesof
29、fabric. Theideallaboratorytestwouldacceleratethewearprocessesa),b)andc)byexactlythesamefactorandwould beuniversallyapplicabletoallfibre,yarnandfabrictypes.Nosuchtesthasbeendeveloped.However,atest procedurehasbeenestablishedinwhichfabricscanberankedinthesameorderoffuzzingandpillingpropensity asislike
30、lytooccurinend-usewear. ThemodificationtotheverywidelyadoptedMartindaleabrasiontestingmachineonwhichthispartofISO12945is basedisdescribedinapublicationbyH.Knecht:NeueMethodezurPrfungderPillingneigunginWirkereiund StrickereiTechnik,38(1988),12,p.1309.INTERNATIONALSTANDARD ISO12945-2:2000(E) 1 Textile
31、sDeterminationoffabricpropensitytosurfacefuzzing andtopilling Part2: ModifiedMartindalemethod 1 Scope ThispartofISO12945specifiesamethodfordeterminationoftheresistancetopillingandsurfacechangeof textilefabricsusingamodifiedMartindalemethod. 2 Normativereferences Thefollowingnormativedocumentscontain
32、provisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsof thispartofISO12945.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentsto,orrevisionsof,anyofthesepublications donotapply.However,partiestoagreementsbasedonthispartofISO12945areencouragedtoinvestigatethe possibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionso
33、fthenormativedocumentsindicatedbelow.Forundated references,thelatesteditionofthenormativedocumentreferredtoapplies.MembersofISOandIECmaintain registersofcurrentlyvalidInternationalStandards. ISO139,TextilesStandardatmospheresforconditioningandtesting. ISO12947-1,TextilesDeterminationoftheabrasionres
34、istanceoffabricsbytheMartindalemethodPart1: Martindaleabrasiontestingapparatus. 3 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthispartofISO12945thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply. 3.1 fuzzing roughingupofthesurfacefibresand/orteasingoutofthefibresfromthefabric,producingavisiblesurfacechange NOTE Thischang
35、ecanoccurduringwashing,drycleaningand/orwearing. 3.2 pills entanglingoffibresintoballs(pills)whichstandproudofthefabricandareofsuchdensitythatlightwillnot penetrateandwillcastashadow NOTE Thischangecanoccurduringwashing,drycleaningand/orwearing. 3.3 pilling generationofpillsoverthesurfaceofthefabric
36、ISO12945-2:2000(E) 2 3.4 pillingrub onerevolutionofthetwoouterdrivesofthemodifiedMartindaleabrasionmachine 3.5 pillingcycle completionofthetranslationalmovementstracingaLissajousfigurecomprising16rubs,i.e.16revolutionsofthe twoouterdrivesand15revolutionsoftheinnerdriveoftheMartindaleabrasiontester 4
37、Principle Acirculartestspecimenispassedoverafrictionsurfacecomprisingthesamefabricor,whenrelevant,awool abradantfabric,atadefinedforceintheformofaLissajousfigure,withthetestspecimenabletorotateeasily aroundanaxisthroughitscentre,perpendiculartotheplaneofthetestspecimen.Fuzzingandpillingareassessed v
38、isuallyafterdefinedstagesofrubtesting. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Martindaleabrasiontestingmachine,asdescribedinISO12947-1,modifiedinaccordancewith5.2. Thetestapparatusconsistsofabaseplatecarryingthepillingtablesanddrivemechanism.Thedrivemechanism consistsoftwoouterdrivesandaninnerdrivewhichcausethespecimenhol
39、derguideplatetotraceaLissajous figure. Thespecimenholderguideplateismovedhorizontallybythedrivemechanisminsuchawaythateverypointof theguideplatedescribesthesameLissajousfigure. TheLissajousmovementchangesfromacircletograduallynarrowingellipses,untilitbecomesastraightline,from whichprogressivelywiden
40、ingellipsesdevelopinadiagonallyoppositedirectionbeforethepatternisrepeated. Thespecimenholderguideplateisfittedwithbearinghousingsandlowfrictionbearingswhichcarrythespecimen holderguidespindles.Thelowerendofeachspecimenholderspindleisinsertedintoeachcorresponding specimenholderbody.Thespecimenholder
41、consistsofabody,specimenholderringandoptionalloadingweight. Theapparatusisfittedwithapre-settablecountingdevicewhichmeasureseachrevolutionofoneoftheouter drives.EachrevolutionistakenasapillingrubandsixteenrevolutionsasacompleteLissajousfigure. 5.2 Driveandbaseplateattachments 5.2.1 Drive Movementoft
42、hespecimenholderguideplatecarryingthespecimenholderbearinghousingsandbearingsand consequentlythespecimenholdersthemselvesisperformedbythefollowingunits: a) twooutersynchroniseddriveunitswiththedistanceoftheaxisofthedriveunitsfromtheircentralaxisof (12 0,25)mm; b) centraldriveunit,withthedistanceofth
43、eaxisofthedriveunitfromitscentralaxisof(12 0,25)mm. Themaximumstrokeofthespecimenholderguideplateinboththelengthandtraversedirectionsis(24 0,5)mm. 5.2.2 Counter,forcountingthepillingrubsandmeasurestoanaccuracyof1rub.ISO12945-2:2000(E)3 5.2.3 Pillingtables,eachconsistingofthefollowingelements: a) pil
44、lingtable(seeFigure1); b) clampingring(seeFigure2); c) clampingmechanismtofastentheclampingring. 5.2.4 Specimenholderguideplate,comprisingametalplateinwhichthreeguidesengagethedriveunits. Theseinteractsoastoensureauniform,smoothandlowvibrationmovementofthespecimenholderguideplate. Thespecimenholderg
45、uidespindlesarelocatedinbearinghousingssecuredtotheguideplate,centraltoeach pillingtable.Eachbearinghousingcarriestwobearings.Theguidespindlesshallbefreelymovingandfreefrom playinthebearings. 5.2.5 Specimenholder,foreveryworkstation,comprisingthefollowingcomponentparts: a) specimenholder(seeFigure3)
46、; b) specimenholderring; c) specimenholderguidespindle. Thespecimenholdercompletewithguidespindleandspecimenholderringshallhaveamassof(155 1)g. 5.2.6 Loadingpieces,comprisinganadditionalloadingpieceintheformofastainlesssteeldiscwhichcanbe appliedtothespecimenholder(5.2.5)providedforeachworkingstatio
47、nonthetestingmachine(seeFigure4).The massofthediscis(260 1)g. Themassofthecompletespecimenholderandstainlesssteeldisc(415 2)g. 5.2.7 Auxiliarydeviceforspecimenmounting,requiredformountingthetestspecimenwithoutfoldsonthe specimenholder(seeFigure5). 5.2.8 Pillingtablespecimenmountingweight,completewit
48、hhandle,requiredformountingthetestspecimen orabradantwithoutfoldsorcreasesonthepillingtable.Themountingweightmassis(2,5 0,5)kganddiameter (120 10)mm. 5.3 Viewingcabinet,illuminatedbyawhitefluorescenttubeorbulbtogiveuniformilluminationoverthewidthof thespecimen(s)andmaskedinsuchawaythattheobserverdoesnotlookdirectlyintothelight.Theilluminant shallbepositionedatananglebetween5and15totheplaneofthespecimen(seeFigure6).Thedistance betweentheeye
