1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 14184-2:2011Textiles Determination offormaldehydePart 2: Released formaldehyde (vapourabsorption method) (ISO 14184-2:2011)BS EN ISO 14184-2:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNation
2、al forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO14184-2:2011. It supersedes BS EN ISO 14184-2:1998 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TCI/80, Chemical testing of textiles.A list of organizations represented on this committ
3、ee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 69628 2ICS 59.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal oblig
4、ations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14184-2 August 2011 ICS 59.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 14184-2:199
5、8English Version Textiles - Determination of formaldehyde - Part 2: Released formaldehyde (vapour absorption method) (ISO 14184-2:2011)Textiles - Dosage du formaldhyde - Partie 2: Formaldhyde dgag (mthode par absorption de vapeur) (ISO 14184-2:2011) Textilien - Bestimmung des Gehaltes an Formaldehyd
6、 - Teil 2: Freigesetzter Formaldehyd (Wasserdampf-Absorptions-Verfahren) (ISO 14184-2:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 August 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the sta
7、tus of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, G
8、erman). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croa
9、tia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDI
10、ZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14184-2:2011: EBS EN ISO 14184-2:2011EN ISO 14184-2:
11、2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 14184-2:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38 “Textiles“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products” the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a na
12、tional standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
13、patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 14184-2:1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this
14、European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland a
15、nd the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14184-2:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 14184-2:2011 without any modification. BS EN ISO 14184-2:2011ISO 14184-2:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Principle1 4 Reage
16、nts.1 5 Apparatus.2 6 Preparation of standard solution and calibration 2 7 Preparation and conditioning of test specimens.3 8 Procedure.4 9 Calculation .4 10 Test report4 Annex A (normative) Standardization of formaldehyde stock solution6 Annex B (informative) Alternative procedure using chromotropi
17、c acid .8 Annex C (informative) Information on accuracy of the test10 Bibliography12 BS EN ISO 14184-2:2011ISO 14184-2:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies).
18、The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-g
19、overnmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2
20、. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a
21、vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14184-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles. This second edition cancel
22、s and replaces the first edition (ISO 14184-2:1998), of which it constitutes a minor revision. ISO 14184 consists of the following parts, under the general title Textiles Determination of formaldehyde: Part 1: Free and hydrolysed formaldehyde (water extraction method) Part 2: Released formaldehyde (
23、vapour absorption method) BS EN ISO 14184-2:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14184-2:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Textiles Determination of formaldehyde Part 2: Released formaldehyde (vapour absorption method) WARNING This part of ISO 14184 calls for the use of substances and/or procedures th
24、at may be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve the user from legal obligations relating to health and safety at any stage. It has been assumed in the drafting of this part of ISO 14184 that the execution of its provis
25、ions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people. 1 Scope This part of ISO 14184 specifies a method for determining the amount of formaldehyde released under the conditions of accelerated storage from textiles in any form by means of a vapour absorption method. The procedure is in
26、tended for use in the range of releasable formaldehyde on the fabric between 20 mg/kg and 3 500 mg/kg when determined by this method. The lower limit is 20 mg/kg. Below this limit, the result is reported as “not detectable”. A method for determination of free formaldehyde and formaldehyde extracted
27、partly through hydrolysis in aqueous solution is given in ISO 14184-1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
28、document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 139:2005, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods 3 Principle A weighed fabric specimen is suspended over water in a sealed jar. The jar is placed in
29、an incubator at a controlled temperature for a specified length of time. The amount of formaldehyde absorbed by the water is then determined colorimetrically. 4 Reagents All reagents shall be of analytical reagent quality. 4.1 Distilled water or grade 3 water complying with ISO 3696. BS EN ISO 14184
30、-2:2011ISO 14184-2:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved4.2 Acetylacetone reagent (Nash reagent). Dissolve 150 g of ammonium acetate in about 800 ml of water (4.1), add 3 ml of glacial acetic acid and 2 ml of acetylacetone, transfer into a 1 000 ml volumetric flask and make up to the mark with wate
31、r (4.1). Store in a brown bottle. The reagent darkens in colour slightly on standing over the first 12 h. For this reason, the reagent should be held for 12 h before use. Otherwise, the reagent is usable over a considerable period of time, at least 6 weeks. However, since the sensitivity may change
32、slightly over a long period of time, it is good practice to run a calibration curve weekly to correct for slight changes in the standard curve. As an alternative, the chromotropic acid method described in Annex B may be used. 4.3 Formaldehyde solution, approximately 37 % (M/V or M/m). 5 Apparatus 5.
33、1 Glass preserving jars, 0,95 l to 1,0 l with gas-tight sealing caps (see Figure 1). 5.2 Small wire-mesh baskets (or other suitable means for suspending the test specimen above the water level inside the jars. As an alternative to the wire-mesh baskets, a double strand of sewing thread may be used t
34、o make a loop in the test specimen that has been folded in half twice, suspended above the water level. The two double-thread ends are draped over the top of the jar and held securely by the jar cap. NOTE A simple support for insertion in the preserving jars can be constructed as follows. A piece of
35、 aluminium wire screening 15,2 cm 14,0 cm is bent around a length of wood 3,8 cm square and fastened together to form a rectangular, open-ended cage. One side is cut at the corners about halfway up the side and the cut section is folded inward and fastened. This folded piece forms the bottom of the
36、wire basket while the other three sides form the support legs. Fastening can be accomplished by twisting short lengths of wire through or around the appropriate part. 5.3 Incubator, thermostatically controlled at (49 2) C. 5.4 Stoppered volumetric flasks, 50 ml, 250 ml, 500 ml and 1 000 ml. 5.5 Pipe
37、ttes, 1 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml, 20 ml, 25 ml, 30 ml and 50 ml and graduated at intervals of 5 ml. NOTE An automatic pipette system of the same accuracy as manual pipettes can be used. 5.6 Burettes, 10 ml and 50 ml. 5.7 Spectrophotometer, capable of reading absorbance to a minimum of 3 decimal places
38、 at a wavelength of 412 nm. 5.8 Test tubes or spectrophotometer tubes. 5.9 Water bath, capable of maintaining a temperature of (40 2) C. 5.10 Balance, accurate to 0,2 mg. 6 Preparation of standard solution and calibration 6.1 Preparation Prepare an approximately 1 500 mg/l stock solution of formalde
39、hyde by diluting 3,8 ml of formaldehyde solution (4.3) to 1 litre with water (4.1). Determine the concentration of formaldehyde in the stock solution by the method given in Annex A. BS EN ISO 14184-2:2011ISO 14184-2:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 3Record the accurate concentration of this stan
40、dardized stock solution. This stock solution will keep for up to 4 weeks and is used to prepare standard dilutions. 6.2 Dilution The equivalent concentrations of the formaldehyde in the test specimen, based on a mass of 1 g of the test specimen and 50 ml of water, will be 50 times the accurate conce
41、ntration of the standard solutions. 6.2.1 Preparation of the standard solution (S2) Dilute 10 ml of the titrated standard solution (containing 1,5 mg/ml of formaldehyde), prepared in 6.1, with water (4.1) to 200 ml in a volumetric flask. This solution contains 75 mg/l of formaldehyde. 6.2.2 Preparat
42、ion of the calibration solutions Dilute calibration solutions from the standard solution (S2), by diluting with water (4.1) in 500 ml volumetric flasks, using a minimum of five solutions from the following: 1 ml of S2 to 500 ml, containing 0,15 g CH2O/ml = 7,5 mg/kg CH2O on the fabric 2 ml of S2 to
43、500 ml, containing 0,30 g CH2O/ml = 15 mg/kg CH2O on the fabric 5 ml of S2 to 500 ml, containing 0,75 g CH2O/ml = 37,5 mg/kg CH2O on the fabric 10 ml of S2 to 500 ml, containing 1,50 g CH2O/ml = 75 mg/kg CH2O on the fabric 15 ml of S2 to 500 ml, containing 2,25 g CH2O/ml = 112,5 mg/kg CH2O on the fa
44、bric 20 ml of S2 to 500 ml, containing 3,00 g CH2O/ml = 150 mg/kg CH2O on the fabric 30 ml of S2 to 500 ml, containing 4,50 g CH2O/ml = 225 mg/kg CH2O on the fabric 40 ml of S2 to 500 ml, containing 6,00 g CH2O/ml = 300 mg/kg CH2O on the fabric Calculate the first-order regression curve of the type
45、y = a + bx. This regression curve will be used for all measurements. If the test specimens contain a higher amount of formaldehyde than 500 mg/kg, dilute the sample solution. NOTE This double-dilution is necessary to have the same formaldehyde concentrations in the calibration solutions as in the te
46、st solutions of the fabrics. If the fabric contains 20 mg/kg of formaldehyde, a 1,00 g specimen is extracted with 50 ml of water; the solution contains 20 g of formaldehyde and from this it follows that 1 ml of the test solution contains 0,4 g of formaldehyde. 7 Preparation and conditioning of test
47、specimens Do not condition the test specimen because the predrying and humidity in connection with the conditioning may cause changes in the formaldehyde content of the sample. Prior to testing, store the sample sealed in a container. From the sample, cut at least two specimens into small pieces and
48、 weigh approximately 1 g of the pieces to an accuracy of 10 mg. NOTE Storage can be in a polyethylene bag and wrapped in aluminium foil. The reason for the storage precaution is that formaldehyde might diffuse through the pores of the bag. In addition, catalysts, or other compounds present in a fini
49、shed, unwashed fabric, can react with the foil if in direct contact. BS EN ISO 14184-2:2011ISO 14184-2:2011(E) 4 ISO 2011 All rights reserved8 Procedure Pour 50 ml of water (4.1) into the bottom of each jar. Suspend one specimen above the water in each jar, using a wire-mesh basket or other means. Seal the jars and place them in the incubator (5.3) at (49 2) C for 20 h 15 min. Remove and cool the jars for (30 5) min and remove the specimen and baskets, or other support, from the jars. Recap the j
