1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58thermal environment in vehicles Part 3: Evaluation of thermal comfort using human subjectsThe Europ
2、ean Standard EN ISO 14505-3:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 13.180; 43.020Ergonomics of the thermal evironment Evaluation of the BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 14505-3:2006BS EN ISO 14505-3:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Commi
3、ttee on 30 June 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 48716 4Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Searc
4、h” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obli
5、gations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 17 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was l
6、ast issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsA list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK
7、 interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 14505-3:2006. It is idential with ISO 14505-3:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entruste
8、d by Technical Committee PH/9, applied ergonomics, to Subcommittee PH/9/1, Thermal environments, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text;EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 14505-3June 2006ICS 13.180; 43.020English VersionErgonomics of the thermal envi
9、ronment - Evaluation of thethermal environment in vehicles - Part 3: Evaluation of thermalcomfort using human subjects (ISO 14505-3:2006)Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques - valuation desambiances thermiques dans les vhicules - Partie 3:valuation du confort thermique en ayant recours dessujets humai
10、ns (ISO 14505-3:2006)Ergonomie der thermischen Umgebung - Bewertung derthermischen Umgebungen in Fahrzeugen - Teil 3:Bewertung der thermischen Behaglichkeit durchVersuchspersonen (ISO 14505-3:2006)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 May 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/
11、CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
12、 CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN me
13、mbers are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlan
14、d and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 14
15、505-3:2006: EForeword This document (EN ISO 14505-3:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standa
16、rd, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries a
17、re bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switz
18、erland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14505-3:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14505-3:2006 without any modifications. EN ISO 14505-3:2006Reference numberISO 14505-3:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO14505-3First edition2006-06-01Ergonomics of the thermal environment Ev
19、aluation of thermal environments in vehicles Part 3: Evaluation of thermal comfort using human subjects Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques valuation des ambiances thermiques dans les vhicules Partie 3: valuation du confort thermique en ayant recours des sujets humains EN ISO 14505-3:2006ii iiiConten
20、ts Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms, and definitions 2 4 Assessment of vehicle environments using human subjects . 2 5 Principles of assessment. 3 5.1 Subjective methods 3 5.2 Objective methods 3 5.3 Behavioural methods . 3 5.4 Assessment of thermal comf
21、ort 3 6 Design of human subject trials . 4 6.1 Aim of trial . 4 6.2 Selection of human subjects . 4 6.3 Measurement of subject responses 4 6.4 Selection of operating conditions. 6 6.5 Analysis and interpretation of results 7 7 Test method for assessing thermal comfort in vehicle 7 Annex A (normative
22、) Test method for assessment of vehicle thermal comfort 8 Annex B (informative) Example of single-sheet subjective questionnaire 10 Annex C (informative) Practical example of vehicle thermal comfort assessment using test method . 11 Annex D (informative) Practical example of assessment of thermal co
23、mfort properties of vehicle glazing 13 Annex E (informative) Practical example of assessment of thermal comfort properties of vehicle seats. 15 Bibliography . 17 EN ISO 14505-3:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bo
24、dies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizatio
25、ns, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the
26、ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of th
27、e member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14505-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomic
28、s, Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physical environment. ISO 14505 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ergonomics of the thermal environment Evaluation of the thermal environment in vehicles: Part 1: Principles and methods for assessment of thermal stress Part 2: Determinat
29、ion of equivalent temperature Part 3: Evaluation of thermal comfort using human subjects EN ISO 14505-3:2006vIntroduction Direct methods for the assessment of thermal environments (hot, moderate, cold) in vehicles involve measurements of the responses of human subjects. There are three types: subjec
30、tive methods, objective methods, and behavioural methods. Subjective methods quantify the responses of people to an environment using subjective scales. Objective methods are those which quantify the physical, physiological or mental condition of a person by the use of instrumentation or measures of
31、 an output such as performance measures. Behavioural methods quantify or represent human behaviour in response to an environment. Each of these methods has been developed according to basic principles and the most appropriate form of the method and combination of methods used in concert for the asse
32、ssment of thermal environments in vehicles will depend upon the context and vehicle environment of interest. This part of ISO 14505 provides both principles and application of methods for the assessment of thermal comfort in vehicle environments using human subjects. The most appropriate methods for
33、 evaluating thermal comfort in vehicles are subjective. The principles for the construction of subjective assessment scales are given in ISO 10551 and are used in the development of the test method specified in this part of ISO 14505. Physiological measurements on human subjects are described in ISO
34、 9886 and are beyond the scope of this part of ISO 14505. This part of ISO 14505 complements standards concerned with the ergonomics of thermal environments and in particular can be used together with thermal indices that are valid for use in vehicle environments. EN ISO 14505-3:2006blank1Ergonomics
35、 of the thermal environment Evaluation of thermal environments in vehicles Part 3: Evaluation of thermal comfort using human subjects 1 Scope This part of ISO 14505 gives guidelines and specifies a standard test method for the assessment, using human subjects, of thermal comfort in vehicles. It is n
36、ot restricted to any particular vehicle but provides the general principles that allow assessment and evaluation. The method can be used to determine a measure of the performance of a vehicle for conditions of interest, in terms of whether it provides thermal comfort to people or not. This can be us
37、ed in vehicle development and evaluation. This part of ISO 14505 is applicable to all types of vehicles, including cars, buses, trucks, off-road vehicles, trains, aircraft, ships, submarines, and to the cabins of cranes and similar spaces. It applies where people are enclosed in a vehicle and when t
38、hey are exposed to outside conditions. For those exposed to outside conditions, such as riders of bicycles or motorcycles, drivers of open sports cars and operators of fork lift trucks without cabins, vehicle speed and weather conditions can dominate responses. The principles of assessment, however,
39、 will still apply. This part of ISO 14505 applies to both passengers and operators of vehicles where its application does not interfere with the safe operation of the vehicle. It presents the principles of the assessment and evaluation of thermal comfort, including the use of test methods and trials
40、. It also presents subjective methods that can be used in assessment. This part of ISO 14505 is a basic ergonomics standard which can contribute to the development of standards concerned with specific vehicles and products. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable
41、for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 12894, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme
42、 hot or cold environments ISO 13731, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Vocabulary and symbols EN ISO 14505-3:20062 3 Terms, and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13731 and the following apply. 3.1 cold stress climatic conditions under which the
43、 body heat exchange is just equal to, or too large for, heat balance at the expense of significant physiological strain that sometimes cannot be compensated 3.2 equivalent temperature temperature of a homogenous “room”, with mean radiant temperature equal to air temperature and zero air velocity, in
44、 which a person exchanges the same heat loss by convection and radiation as in the actual conditions 3.3 heat stress climatic conditions under which the body heat exchange is just equal to, or too small for, heat balance at the expense of significant physiological strain that sometimes cannot be com
45、pensated 3.4 HVAC-system heating, ventilation and air-conditioning system of the vehicle/cabin 3.5 local equivalent temperature temperature of a homogenous “room”, with mean radiant temperature equal to air temperature and zero air velocity, in which a defined zone of the human body surface exchange
46、s the same heat loss by convection and radiation as in the actual conditions 3.6 thermal asymmetry degree to which opposite parts of the human body are exposed to different climatic conditions 3.7 thermoneutral zone temperature interval within which the body maintains heat balance exclusively by vas
47、omotor reactions 4 Assessment of vehicle environments using human subjects Although mathematical and physical models and thermal indices can provide repeatable, reliable methods of assessment, vehicle environments are often complex, dynamic and influenced by many factors. Models and indices are ther
48、efore often limited in validity. Human subjects are required to provide a direct means of measuring thermal comfort and to validate other techniques. It is important, therefore, to develop assessment methods involving human subjects. Such methods shall only be used where ethical considerations and a
49、ccepted practices involving human subjects, as provided in ISO 12894, have been carried out. They are used for one of four main reasons: to evaluate thermal comfort in vehicle environments; to set up or carry out standardized test methods of thermal comfort in vehicles; to compare measures of thermal comfort in vehicles with prediction methods (models, indices) based upon measures of the thermal environment in vehicles; to determine the relationship between objective measures, such as skin temperat
