1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 14978:2006Incorporating corrigendum February 2008Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) General concepts and requirements for GPS measuring equipmentICS 17.040.30g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g
2、51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN ISO 14978:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 September 2007 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 62716 3National forewordThis British Standa
3、rd is the UK implementation of EN ISO 14978:2006. It is identical with ISO 14978:2006, incorporating corrigendum February 2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TDW/4, Technical product realization (TPR).A list of organizations represented on this committe
4、e can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued sinc
5、e publicationDate Comments30 June 2008 Implementation of ISO corrigendum February 2008. Text added to 7.5.4EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 14978July 2006ICS 17.040.30English VersionGeometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - General conceptsand requirements for GPS measuring equ
6、ipment (ISO14978:2006)Spcification gomtrique des produits (GPS) - Conceptset exigences gnraux pour les quipements de mesureGPS (ISO 14978:2006)Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - AllgemeineBegriffe und Anforderungen fr GPS Messeinrichtungen(ISO 14978:2006)This European Standard was approved by
7、 CEN on 19 June 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards m
8、ay be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Cent
9、ral Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Polan
10、d, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any m
11、eans reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 14978:2006: EForeword This document (EN ISO 14978:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213 “Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 290 “Dime
12、nsional and geometrical product specification and verification“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2007, and conflicting national s
13、tandards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Ge
14、rmany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14978:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14978:2006 withou
15、t any modifications. BS EN ISO 14978:2006iiiContents Page Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Abbreviations 12 5 Design characteristics 13 5.1 General. 13 5.2 Indicating measuring equipment 14 5.3 Material measures. 14 6 Metrological characteristics 15
16、6.1 General. 15 6.2 Identification, definition and choice of metrological characteristics 16 6.3 Indicating measuring equipment identification of general metrological characteristics. 17 6.4 Material measures Identification of general metrological characteristics. 19 7 Types of presentation and type
17、s of specifications for characteristics. 21 7.1 General. 21 7.2 Presentation of characteristic curves Fixed and floating zero . 21 7.3 Presentation of a characteristic Statistical . 24 7.4 Specifications for single-value metrological characteristics. 25 7.5 Specification for metrological characteris
18、tics defined in a range. 25 7.6 Specification for metrological characteristics defined in a two- or three-dimensional range 29 8 Calibration of metrological characteristics 29 8.1 Manufacturer and supplier of measuring instruments . 29 8.2 User of measuring instruments. 29 8.3 Measurement uncertaint
19、y 29 9 Marking 30 Annex A (normative) General minimum requirements and guidance for clauses in GPS standards for specific measuring equipment 31 Annex B (informative) Data sheet for measuring equipment requirements. 33 Annex C (normative) Relation to the GPS matrix model 35 Bibliography . 37 BS EN I
20、SO 14978:2006blankvIntroduction This International Standard is a geometrical product specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as a global GPS standard (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences chain links 5 and 6 of all chains of standards in the general GPS matrix. For more detailed information o
21、f the relation of this International Standard to other standards and the GPS matrix model, see Annex C. This International Standard contains guidance for writing the standards for specific measuring equipment. This International Standard is intended to give the user a basic understanding of the use
22、of ISO standards for GPS measuring equipment. This International Standard presents and defines general concepts to be used in connection with GPS measuring equipment to avoid multiple repetitions in the ISO standards for specific GPS measuring equipment. This International Standard is also intended
23、as guidance for the manufacturer to evaluate and present specifications for characteristics for GPS measurement equipment. This International Standard should be close at hand when reading and using ISO standards for a specific GPS measuring equipment. BS EN ISO 14978:2006blank1Geometrical product sp
24、ecifications (GPS) General concepts and requirements for GPS measuring equipment 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the general requirements, terms and definitions of characteristics of simple GPS measuring equipment, e.g. micrometers, dial gauges, callipers, surface plates, height gauges
25、, gauge blocks, but not necessarily excluding more complicated equipment. It forms the basis for standards defining and describing the design characteristics and metrological characteristics for measuring equipment. It also gives guidance for the development and content of standards for GPS measurin
26、g equipment. This International Standard is intended to ease the communication between manufacturer/supplier and customer/user and to make the specification phase of GPS measuring equipment more accurate. This International Standard is also intended as a tool to be used in companies in the process o
27、f defining and selecting relevant characteristics for measuring equipment to be used in the quality assurance of measuring processes, i.e. in calibration and in workpiece measurements. This International Standard also includes terms which are frequently used in connection with the characterization o
28、f specific measuring equipment. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) app
29、lies. ISO 1:2002, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Standard reference temperature for geometrical product specification and verification ISO 1101:2004, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS Geometrical tolerancing Tolerances of form, orientation, location and run-out ISO 5459:1), Geometric
30、al Product Specifications (GPS) Geometrical tolerancing Datums and datum systems ISO 14253-1:1998, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformance or non-conformance with specifications ISO/TS 142
31、53-2:1999, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment Part 2: Guide to the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and product verification ISO/TS 17450-2, Geometrical product specifications (GP
32、S) General concepts Part 2: Basic tenets, specifications, operators and uncertainties International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM), BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, 1987 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 5459:1981.) BS EN ISO 14978:20062 International vocabulary of ba
33、sic and general terms in metrology (VIM), BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, 1993 Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM), BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, OIML, 19932)3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14253-1, I
34、SO/TS 14253-2, ISO/TS 17450-2, VIM and GUM and the following apply. 3.1 measuring equipment ME any instrument, measurement standard, reference material and/or auxiliary apparatus or any combination thereof necessary to implement a measurement process for carrying out a specified and defined measurem
35、ent NOTE 1 This definition is necessarily wider than that of a measuring instrument VIM:1993, 4.1 since it includes all the means necessary for producing a measurement result. NOTE 2 The concept measuring equipment includes, for example, indicating measuring instruments (3.2) and material measures (
36、3.3). 3.2 indicating measuring instrument measuring equipment that displays an indication NOTE 1 The display can be analog (continuous or discontinuous) or digital. NOTE 2 Values of more than one quantity can be displayed simultaneously. NOTE 3 A displaying measuring instrument can also provide a re
37、cord. VIM:1993, 4.6 EXAMPLES a) Analog mechanical dial gauge, b) digital calliper, c) micrometer. NOTE 4 The examples given in VIM are changed here to examples in length units. 3.3 material measure device intended to reproduce or supply, in a permanent manner during its use, one or more known values
38、 of a given quantity NOTE 1 The quantity concerned can be called the supplied quantity. VIM:1993, 4.2 2) Corrected and reprinted in 1995. BS EN ISO 14978:20063EXAMPLES a) Gauge block, b) ball plate, c) angle block, d) limit gauge (e.g. gap gauge), e) functional gauge, f) surface texture standard, g)
39、 reference ring, h) tape measure. NOTE 2 Material measure is included in the concept measuring equipment. NOTE 3 The examples given in VIM are changed here to examples in length units. 3.4 mono-characteristic measuring equipment measuring equipment which can be characterised by a single metrological
40、 characteristic NOTE 1 Mono-characteristic measuring equipment is a simplifying theoretical concept which is described in this standard as a contrast to the case of actual multi-characteristic measuring equipment. NOTE 2 For simplification, especially when evaluating uncertainty contributions, multi
41、-characteristic measuring equipment (3.5) can be considered as a “black box” and therefore can be assumed to be a mono-characteristic measuring equipment. 3.5 multi-characteristic measuring equipment measuring equipment which is characterised by two or more metrological characteristics NOTE All GPS
42、measuring equipment is multi-characteristic (see 3.4 NOTE 2). 3.6 measurement process set of interrelated resources, activities and influences which produce a measurement NOTE 1 This term is commonly used for the calibration of measuring equipment and the measurement of workpieces. NOTE 2 Resources
43、can be human or material. 3.7 intended use measuring equipment measurement process in which specific measuring equipment is to be used NOTE 1 Knowledge about intended use usually reduces the number of metrological requirements to be calibrated. NOTE 2 Knowledge about intended use of the maximum perm
44、issible errors (MPE, see 3.21) for the metrological requirements that need to be calibrated usually allows adjustment to more economical and less restrictive values. 3.8 calibration measuring equipment set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values of q
45、uantities indicated by a measuring instrument or measuring system, or values represented by a material measure or a reference material, and the corresponding values realized by standards NOTE 1 The result of a calibration permits either the assignment of values of measurands to the indications, or t
46、he determination of corrections with respect to indications. NOTE 2 A calibration can also determine other metrological properties, such as the effect of influence quantities. BS EN ISO 14978:20064 NOTE 3 The result of a calibration can be recorded in a document, sometimes called a calibration certi
47、ficate or a calibration report. VIM:1993, 6.11 NOTE 4 The VIM definition of calibration only applies to mono-metrological characteristic measuring equipment and therefore usually does not apply to GPS measuring equipment (see 3.4 and 3.5). 3.9 calibration of a metrological characteristic set of oper
48、ations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values of quantities of a metrological characteristic, and the corresponding values realized by standards NOTE Metrological characteristics can be defined and calibrated as quantities that need mathematical or geometrical tr
49、ansformations to be compatible with the measurement result of the measuring equipment, e.g. flatness and parallelism of the measuring faces of an external micrometer. 3.10 global calibration measuring equipment calibration of all metrological characteristics for measuring equipment NOTE 1 Global calibration can be used if the intended use of the equipment is not known at the time of calibration, or as an acceptance test to verify the agreed specifications in connection with the delivery of new measuring equipment. NOTE 2 In cases
