1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Part 2: Verification of functions and validation of dimensions for computer manikin systemsThe Euro
2、pean Standard EN ISO 15536-2:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 13.180Ergonomics Computer manikins and body templates BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 15536-2:2007BS EN ISO 15536-2:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 Apr
3、il 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 50469 3Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from leg
4、al obligations. National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN ISO 15536-2:2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/9, Applied ergonomics, to Subcommittee PH/9/4, Anthropometry and biomechanics.A list of orga
5、nizations represented on PH/9/4 can be obtained on request to its secretary.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 15536-2March 2007ICS 13.180English VersionErgonomics - Computer manikins and body templates - Part 2:Verification of functions and validation of dimensions forcomputer ma
6、nikin systems (ISO 15536-2:2007)Ergonomie - Mannequins informatiss et gabarits humains- Partie 2: Vrification des fonctions et validation desdimensions pour les systmes de mannequins informatiss(ISO 15536-2:2007)Ergonomie - Computer-Manikins und Krperumriss-Schablonen - Teil 2: Prfung der Funktionen
7、 undValidierung der Mae von Computer-Manikin-Systemen(ISO 15536-2:2007)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 February 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national sta
8、ndard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
9、language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finl
10、and,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITE
11、E FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 15536-2:2007: EForeword This document (EN ISO 15536-2:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 1
12、59 “Ergonomics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2007, and conf
13、licting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark
14、, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN ISO 15536-2:2007Reference numberISO 15536-2:2007(E)INTERNATIONAL
15、STANDARD ISO15536-2First edition2007-03-01Ergonomics Computer manikins and body templates Part 2: Verification of functions and validation of dimensions for computer manikin systems Ergonomie Mannequins informatiss et gabarits humains Partie 2: Vrification des fonctions et validation des dimensions
16、pour les systmes de mannequins informatiss EN ISO 15536-2:2007ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Requirements for computer manikin verification 3 4.1 General. 3 4.2 Listing of functions. 3 4.3 Description of functions. 3
17、 4.4 Verification of functions Examples supplied by developers. 3 4.5 Verification of functions Enabling manikin system user to record/report performance 3 5 Requirements for documenting source data . 3 5.1 Listing of parameters . 3 5.2 Parameter description 3 5.3 Sampling method 4 5.4 Sample demogr
18、aphics 4 6 Requirements for computer manikin validation 4 6.1 General requirements. 4 6.2 Static functions . 5 6.3 Reporting test results. 6 Annex A (informative) Recommended nomenclature and definitions of joint movements for modelling humans 7 Annex B (informative) Static-test protocol 16 Bibliogr
19、aphy . 17 EN ISO 15536-2:2007iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body inter
20、ested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
21、 Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the te
22、chnical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. IS
23、O shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15536-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 3, Anthropometry and biomechanics. ISO 15536-2 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee C
24、EN/TC 122, Ergonomics, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 3, Anthropometry and biomechanics, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). ISO 15536 consists of the following parts, under the general t
25、itle Ergonomics Computer manikins and body templates: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Verification of functions and validation of dimensions for computer manikin systems EN ISO 15536-2:2007vIntroduction In order to apply computer manikins with confidence and trust to equipment design, designers
26、 need to know the accuracy and reliability of these tools. The needed accuracy depends on the purpose of their use. Some designers need high degrees of accuracy (e.g. quantitative clearance analyses), while others need less (e.g. training simulations). A method of checking the basic degree of accura
27、cy is given in ISO 15536-1:2005. It is based on the comparison between anthropometric data used in creation of the manikin and the corresponding measurements taken from the manikin itself. These data and measurements apply to the standardized measurement postures only, i.e. standing and sitting (see
28、 ISO 7250:1996). However, computer manikins are used to simulate a wider range of human postures and movements during equipment design than standardized postures, and it is essential that designers know the level of their anthropometric accuracy also in these conditions. Moreover, problems arise whe
29、n trying to assess the accuracy and repeatability of computer manikins and their associated applications because of the many anthropometric and biomechanical parameters used in constructing them. Many specialized tests are required to accurately measure every possible size, shape and working posture
30、 that people can exhibit. This problem is further compounded when manikin data or algorithms are changed, requiring additional tests assessing their dimensional accuracy. Because it is not economically feasible for one organization to test every manikin parameter under every possible test condition,
31、 developers and users need to share the responsibility for assessing computer manikin accuracy. Developers may test manikin system accuracy for the most common situations, but it is essential that the users be provided with the means to test the accuracy and repeatability of manikin systems for thei
32、r specific applications, too. Therefore, users need to measure manikin accuracy for their specific applications and developers need to provide computer manikins and simple processes for measuring and assessing manikin accuracy. EN ISO 15536-2:2007blank1Ergonomics Computer manikins and body templates
33、 Part 2: Verification of functions and validation of dimensions for computer manikin systems 1 Scope This part of ISO 15536 establishes the requirements for the verification of the functions and validation of dimensions of computer manikins. These requirements concern the documentation of the data e
34、mployed to construct computer manikins and the methods employed to verify and validate their functions with regards to their dimensional accuracy. This part of ISO 15536 extends to anthropometric and biomechanical data and to software functions as they are applied to create computer manikins. Althou
35、gh this document primarily refers to anthropometric data and methods, some biomechanical parameters are required to build and apply computer manikins and are therefore included. This part of ISO 15536 provides a framework for reporting computer manikin accuracy and human-source data. The standard is
36、 intended to enable even non-specialist users of the manikin systems to independently perform measurements of each function under field testing conditions using automated software tools provided by developers. It is not intended to require developers to perform specific verification and validation o
37、f their manikin systems. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments). ISO 7250:
38、1996, Basic human body measurements for technological design ISO 15535, General requirements for establishing anthropometric databases ISO 15536-1:2005, Ergonomics Computer manikins and body templates Part 1: General requirements EN ISO 15536-2:20072 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this
39、document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 15536-1 and the following apply. 3.1 manikin accuracy manikin accuracy refers to the precision with which a computer manikin system reproduces the size, shape, posture, angles, movement paths and other geometric characteristics of the individual from
40、whom the measurements were taken 3.2 developer company, institution or individual who develops computer manikin systems 3.3 field-testing conditions conditions in which the user of the manikin system normally works, typically consisting of a computer workstation in an office environment, and where h
41、ighly specialized anthropometric and biomechanical laboratory tools and support personnel are assumed to be unavailable 3.4 manikin function capability of the computer manikin software system to simulate some characteristic, activity or condition of the human body 3.5 measurement landmarks points lo
42、cated and placed on the human bodys surface or on a computer manikin, used for measurement of distance or displacement 3.6 repeatability extent to which the values of a dimension measured more than once on the same subject are the same NOTE A completely repeatable function would have a standard devi
43、ation of zero. 3.7 manikin verification activity of confirming that computer manikin functions work as described 3.8 manikin validation activity of measuring computer manikin accuracy NOTE For the definition of manikin accuracy, see 3.1. 3.9 digital user documentation electronic reference material i
44、ncluded with the computer manikin system that can be accessed while using the software EN ISO 15536-2:200734 Requirements for computer manikin verification 4.1 General The requirements specified in 4.2 to 4.5 are given to enable non-specialist users of a manikin system to independently measure the a
45、ccuracy of manikin dimensions and to verify the manikins functions under field-testing conditions using automated software tools provided by manikin system developers. 4.2 Listing of functions Each computer manikin function identified as being provided by the developer (e.g. interference or reach an
46、alyses) shall be listed in a table labelled “List of functions”. The list shall be accessible from the digital user documentation. 4.3 Description of functions A description of each computer manikin function, listed in the “List of functions” table, shall be provided in the digital user documentatio
47、n. The description shall include the functions intended purpose and boundary conditions of appropriate use. 4.4 Verification of functions Examples supplied by developers Each computer manikin function listed in the “List of functions” table shall be accompanied in the digital user documentation by a
48、t least one example illustrating and simulating its operation. The example shall permit users to input representative values and observe corresponding output performance. 4.5 Verification of functions Enabling manikin system user to record/report performance The user of the system shall be provided
49、with a means to electronically record and report the performance of each function, as defined in 4.3, in a standard digital format suitable for output to standard printing devices. A means shall be provided for automatically generating a report each time a function is tested. The report shall include the values input by the user and the functions output performance. 5 Requirements for documenting source data 5.1 Listing of parameters Each computer manikin function that employs measurements of human
