1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 16017-2:2003 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Indoor, ambient and workplace air Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography Part 2: Diffusive sampling The European Standard EN ISO 16017-2:2003 has the s
2、tatus of a British Standard ICS 13.040.01 BS EN ISO 16017-2:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 11 June 2003 BSI 5 August 2003 ISBN 0 580 42022 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language versio
3、n of EN ISO 16017-2:2003. It is identical with ISO 16017-2:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/3, Ambient atmospheres, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can
4、be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” fa
5、cility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligati
6、ons. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of p
7、ages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 36, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.
8、 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 14619 Corrigendum No. 1 5 August 2003 Replacing the EN ISO foreword pageEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO160172 May2003 ICS13.040.01 Englishversion Indoor,ambientandworkplaceairSamplingandanalysisof volatileorganiccompoun
9、dsbysorbenttube/thermal desorption/capillarygaschromatographyPart2:Diffusive sampling(ISO160172:2003) Airintrieur,airambiantetairdeslieuxdetravail Echantillonnageetanalysedescompossorganiques volatilspartubeadsorption/dsorption thermique/chromatographieenphasegazeusesur capillairePartie2:Echantillon
10、nagepardiffusion(ISO 160172:2003) Innenraumluft,AuenluftundLuftamArbeitsplatz ProbenahmeundAnalyseflchtigerorganischer VerbindungendurchSorptionsrhrchen/thermische Desorption/KapillarGaschromatographieTeil2: ProbenahmemitPassivsammlern(ISO160172:2003) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon21March200
11、3. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoan
12、yCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAust
13、ria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentr
14、e:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO160172:2003EINESO61710:2002(3E) 2 CORRECTED20030716 Foreword Thisdocument(ENISO160172:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC146 “Airquality“incollaboratio
15、nwithTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC264“Airquality“,thesecretariat ofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationof anidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyNovember2003,andconflictingnational standardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyNovember2003. Accor
16、dingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsof thefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Czech Republic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy, Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Swe
17、den,Switzerlandand theUnitedKingdom. Endorsementnotice ThetextofISO160172:2003hasbeenapprovedbyCENasENISO160172:2003withoutany modifications. ENISO160172:2003 Reference number ISO 16017-2:2003(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16017-2 First edition 2003-05-15 Indoor, ambient and workplace air Sampling an
18、d analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography Part 2: Diffusive sampling Air intrieur, air ambiant et air des lieux de travail chantillonnage et analyse des composs organiques volatils par tube adsorption/dsorption thermique/chromatographie
19、en phase gazeuse sur capillaire Partie 2: chantillonnage par diffusion ENISO160172:2003ii ENISO160172:2003 iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Principle . 2 4 Reagents and materials 2 5 Apparatus. 4 6 Sample tube conditioning 5 7 Sampling 5 8 Procedure. 6 8.1 Safety p
20、recautions 6 8.2 Desorption and analysis. 6 8.3 Calibration 8 8.4 Determination of sample concentration . 8 8.5 Determination of desorption efficiency 8 8.6 Calibration of uptake rate. 8 9 Calculations. 9 9.1 Mass concentration of analyte 9 9.2 Volume concentration of analyte 9 9.3 Uptake rates. 10
21、10 Interferences 10 11 Performance characteristics 11 12 Test report 11 13 Quality control. 11 Annex A (informative) Operating principles of diffusive sampling . 22 Annex B (informative) Description of sorbent types. 28 Annex C (informative) Guidance on sorbent selection. 29 Annex D (informative) Gu
22、idance on sorbent use 30 Annex E (informative) Summary of data on overall uncertainty, precision, bias and storage. 31 Bibliography . 33 ENISO160172:2003iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). Th
23、e work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-gov
24、ernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
25、The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vo
26、te. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16017-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoo
27、r air. ISO 16017 consists of the following parts, under the general title Indoor, ambient and workplace air Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography: Part 1: Pumped sampling Part 2: Diffusive sampling ENISO160172:2003INTENRAT
28、IONAL TSANDADR IS-71061 O2:(3002E)1Indoor, ambient and workplace air Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography Part 2: Diffusive sampling 1 Scope This part of ISO 16017 gives general guidance for the sampling and analysis of v
29、olatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air. It is applicable to indoor, ambient and workplace air. This part of ISO 16017 is applicable to a wide range of VOCs, including hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, esters, glycol ethers, ketones and alcohols. A number of sorbents 1)are recommended for the
30、sampling of these VOCs, each sorbent having a different range of applicability. Very polar compounds generally require derivatisation; very low boiling compounds are only partially retained by the sorbents and can only be estimated qualitatively. Semi-volatile compounds are fully retained by the sor
31、bents, but may only be partially recovered. This part of ISO 16017 is applicable to the measurement of airborne vapours of VOCs in a mass concentration range of approximately 0,002 mg/m 3to 100 mg/m 3individual organic for an exposure time of 8 h, or 0,3 g/m 3 to 300 g/m 3individual organic for an e
32、xposure time of four weeks. The upper limit of the useful range is set by the sorptive capacity of the sorbent used and by the linear dynamic range of the gas chromatograph column and detector or by the sample splitting capability of the analytical instrumentation used. The lower limit of the useful
33、 range depends on the noise level of the detector and on blank levels of analyte and/or interfering artefacts on the sorbent tubes. Artefacts are typically sub- nanogram for well-conditioned Tenax GR and carbonaceous sorbents such as Carbopack/Carbotrap type materials, carbonized molecular sieves su
34、ch as Spherocarb and pure charcoals. Artefacts are typically at low nanogram levels for Tenax TA and at 5 ng to 50 ng levels for other porous polymers such as Chromosorbs and Porapaks. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. F
35、or dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 16000-1, Indoor air Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy 1) The sorbents listed in Annex B and elsewhere in this part of ISO 1601
36、7 are those known to perform as specified under this part of ISO 16017. Each sorbent or product that is identified by a trademarked name is unique and has a sole manufacturer; however, they are widely available from many different suppliers. This information is given for the convenience of users of
37、this part of ISO 16017 and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results. ENISO160172:20031ISO 16017-2:2003(E) 2 I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr3 Principle The diffusive sampler (or samplers) is exposed
38、to air for a measured time period. The rate of sampling is determined by prior calibration in a standard atmosphere (see 8.6). The organic vapour migrates down the tube by diffusion and is collected on the sorbent (see Annex A). The collected vapour (on each tube) is desorbed by heat and is transfer
39、red under inert carrier gas into a gas chromatograph equipped with a capillary column and a flame ionization detector or other suitable detector, where it is analysed. The analysis is calibrated by means of liquid or vapour spiking onto a sorbent tube. Information on possible saturation of the sorbe
40、nt bed, the effect of transients and the effect of face velocity is given in Annex A. Annex A also explains the dependence of effective uptake rates on the concentration level of pollutants and the time of diffusive sampling, for non-ideal sorbents, which results in different values being given in T
41、ables 1 and 2. Further detailed information on the theory of performance of diffusive samplers is given in prEN 13528-3 1 . 4 Reagents and materials During the analysis, use only reagents of recognized analytical reagent grade. Fresh standard solutions should be prepared weekly, or more frequently i
42、f evidence is noted of deterioration, e.g. condensation reactions between alcohols and ketones. 4.1 Volatile organic compounds. A wide range of VOCs are required as reagents for calibration purposes, using either liquid spiking (4.7 and 4.8) or vapour spiking (4.4 to 4.6) onto sorbent tubes. 4.2 Dil
43、ution solvent, for preparing calibration blend solutions for liquid spiking (4.7). The solvent should be of chromatographic quality. It shall be free from compounds co-eluting with the compound(s) of interest (4.1). NOTE Methanol is frequently used. Alternative dilution solvents, e.g. ethyl acetate
44、or cyclohexane, can be used, particularly if there is no possibility of reaction or chromatographic co-elution. 4.3 Sorbents, preferably of particle size 0,18 mm to 0,25 mm (60 mesh to 80 mesh). Each sorbent should be preconditioned under a flow of inert gas by heating it overnight at a temperature
45、at least 25 C below the published maximum for that sorbent before packing the tubes. They shall be kept in a clean atmosphere during cooling to room temperature, storage, and loading into the tubes. Wherever possible, analytical desorption temperatures should be kept below those used for conditionin
46、g. Tubes prepacked by the manufacturer are also available for most sorbents and as such only require conditioning. Care should be taken with the disposal of the sorbents, using normal laboratory practice. NOTE A guide for sorbent selection is given in Annex C. Equivalent sorbents may be used. A guid
47、e to sorbent conditioning and analytical desorption parameters is given in Annex D. In most cases the sorbents can be used for indoor air measurements as well as for ambient air and workplace atmosphere measurements. 4.4 Calibration standards. Calibration standards are preferably prepared by loading
48、 required amounts of the compounds of interest on sorbent tubes from standard atmospheres (see 4.5 and 4.6), as this procedure most closely resembles the practical sampling situation. If this way of preparation is not practicable, standards may be prepared by a liquid spiking procedure (see 4.7 and 4.8) provided that the accuracy of the
