1、BS EN ISO 18846:2016Solid biofuels Determinationof fines content in quantities ofpellets (ISO 18846:2016)BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN ISO 18846:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO1884
2、6:2016. BSI, as a member of CEN, is obliged to publish EN ISO 18846 as aBritish Standard. However, attention is drawn to the fact that duringthe development of this European Standard, the UK committeevoted against its approval as a European Standard.The UK committees main concerns are:- some of the
3、terminology used creates ambiguity;- the supported methodology could result in incompleteseparation of particle sizes;- the standard is too prescriptive with regards to recommendedequipment. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/17, Solid biofuels.A list of
4、organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016. ISBN 978 0 580 83583 4ICS 27.190; 7
5、5.160.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dPublished by BS
6、I Standards Limited 2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 18846 September 2016 ICS 27.190; 75.160.10 English Version Solid biofuels - Determination of fines content in quantities of pellets (ISO 18846:2016) Biocombustibles solides - Dtermination de la teneur en fines dans des
7、chantillons de granuls (ISO 18846:2016) Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung des Gehaltes an Feingut in Mengen von Pellets (ISO 18846:2016) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 August 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the condi
8、tions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists
9、 in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national stand
10、ards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slo
11、venia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
12、 worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 18846:2016 EBS EN ISO 18846:2016EN ISO 18846:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 18846:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 “Solid biofuels“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels”
13、the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2017. Attention is
14、 drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the fol
15、lowing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
16、 Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 18846:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18846:2016 without any modification. iiBS EN ISO 18846:2016ISO 18846:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 S
17、cope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 15 Apparatus . 16 Sample preparation . 26.1 Sample reduction 26.2 Size of the test portion . 27 Procedure. 27.1 Sieving 27.2 Weighing . 38 Calculations 38.1 Total mass of all fractions 38.2 Proportion of fines . 38.3 Quality cont
18、rol . 39 Performance characteristics 310 Test report . 3Bibliography 4 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 18846:2016ISO 18846:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The wo
19、rk of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governm
20、ental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in th
21、e ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the poss
22、ibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list o
23、f patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as
24、 information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 238, Solid biofuels.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 18846:2016ISO 18846:2016(E)In
25、troductionThis International Standard describes a method for manual determination of the fines content in samples of pellets. The fines content is defined as the percentage in mass of material below 3,15 mm in size. The fines content is an important parameter since excessive amounts of fines in cons
26、ignments of pellets increases the risk for dust explosions and is also a health problem if the dust is inhaled. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 18846:2016BS EN ISO 18846:2016Solid biofuels Determination of fines content in samples of pellets1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a meth
27、od for determining the amount of material passing through a sieve with 3,15 mm diameter round hole.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited a
28、pplies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3310-2, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 2: Test sieves of perforated metal plateISO 147801), Solid biofuels Sample preparationISO 16559, Solid biofuels Terminology
29、, definitions and descriptionsISO 181352), Solid biofuels Sampling3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16559 apply.4 PrincipleA test sample is subjected to sieving by means of manually shaking a sieve with 3,15 mm diameter round holes by ho
30、rizontal movements and the mass of the material passing through is determined.5 Apparatus5.1 Sieve. The sieve shall have round holes with a diameter of 3,15 mm and aperture geometry in accordance with ISO 3310-2. A sieve with a diameter of 400 mm is recommended. The frame of the sieve shall have a h
31、eight that enable the sieves to contain a sample and allows a free movement of the sample during the sieving process. Other sizes of sieves may be used for practical reasons but it is important to make sure the sieve is not overloaded which may result in insufficient agitation of the test sample whi
32、ch may impact the flow of fines through the apertures of the sieve.5.2 Collecting pan, for collection of material passing through the sieve, a collecting pan of adequate size is required.5.3 Weighing container, for weighing of the fractions, the collecting pan or a separate container of adequate siz
33、e is required.1) To be published.2) To be published. (Until ISO 18135 is published, EN 14778 should be used.)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18846:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 18846:2016ISO 18846:2016(E)5.4 Balance. The balance shall be capable of reading to the nearest 0,1 g.The balan
34、ce shall have a weighing capacity of 2 kg or a weighing capacity equal to the selected size of the sieve fractions and the mass of the weighing container.6 Sample preparation6.1 Sample reductionThe laboratory sample used for the determination of the fines content shall be obtained in accordance with
35、 ISO 18135. The sampling strategy shall be such that special provisions are taken regarding the tendency for stratification of the fines in a consignment of pellets. For example, the entire quantity of pellets in a bag shall be sampled in order to obtain a representative test sample. Due to the spec
36、ial provisions necessary regarding sampling for fines determination, the combined (raw) sample may end up being very large. The combined sample may be divided into one or more smaller test portions using a procedure for sample division in accordance with ISO 147803).NOTE In bulk handling of large vo
37、lumes of pellets, there is often a risk for stratification of materials in storage bins. There is also the risk of incremental variations of fines in volumes of pellets due to batch-wise operation during transportation with rail cars, trucks and ocean vessels.6.2 Size of the test portionThe size of
38、the test portion shall be selected in relation to pellets diameter as given in Table 1.NOTE A larger size of the test portion will yield a higher accuracy (e.g. 1 % according to ISO 17225-1, ISO 17225-2 and ISO 17225-6).Table 1 Minimum mass of test portion for pellet diameter classes in accordance w
39、ith ISO 17225-1, ISO 17225-2 and ISO 17225-6Pellet diametermmSample sizekgMinimum Recommended12 (up to 25) 10 15 to 20The total mass of the test portion shall be weighed to the nearest 0,1 g and recorded for the quality control calculation in 8.3.7 Procedure7.1 SievingThe sieving shall be done in su
40、ch a way that the fine particles are separated from the pellets but at the same time avoiding new fines being created. This is best achieved by 5 to 10 circular horizontal rotations of 0,5 kg of material in the sieve. If a sieve with a diameter other than 400 mm is used, the size of the sieved sub-p
41、ortions (of the test portion) shall be adjusted to achieve the same degree of filling of the sieve.After each sub-portion is sieved, the fines in the collecting pan shall be transferred to a weighing container or if practical the fines may be left in the collecting pan as fines from subsequent sub-p
42、ortions 3) To be published. (Until ISO 14780 is published, EN 14780 should be used.)2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 18846:2016ISO 18846:2016(E)collected. The coarse material retained on the sieve from each sub-portion shall be transferred to another container.7.2 WeighingAfter completing the
43、 sieving of all sub-portions of the test portion, weigh the total amount of material which passed through the sieve (the fines fraction) and weigh the total amount of material retained on the sieve (the coarse fraction).The weighing of the fines fraction can be performed either by weighing the colle
44、cting pan with the fines fraction and subtracting the mass of the empty collecting pan, or the fines fraction can be transferred to a tared weighing container for determining the mass of the fraction.8 Calculations8.1 Total mass of all fractionsCalculate the total mass of all fractions as the sum of
45、 the mass of the fines fraction and the mass of the coarse fraction.8.2 Proportion of finesCalculate the w-% of fines by dividing the mass of the fraction by the mass of all fractions (as per 8.1) and multiply by 100.8.3 Quality controlCalculate the difference between the mass of the test portion (a
46、s per 8.2) and the total mass of all fractions (as per 8.1) and express the difference in percent of the mass of the test portion. If the difference is larger than 2 w-%, the causes for the deviation shall be investigated and the determination shall be repeated. If this is impractical or the differe
47、nce after repeated determination still exceeds a mass fraction of 2 % of the mass of the test portion, the size of the difference in % mass fraction of the test portion shall be reported together with the fines content as per 8.2.9 Performance characteristicsFor the time being, not enough data are a
48、vailable for a precision statement regarding this test method.10 Test reportThe test report shall include at least the following information:a) the identification of the laboratory performing the test and the date of the test;b) the identification of product (or sample) tested;c) a reference to this
49、 International Standard, i.e. ISO 18846;d) the mass of the test portion (as per 6.2);e) the result of the test on an as-received basis;f) the difference between the mass of the test portion and the total mass of all fractions, in percent of the mass of the test portion if the difference exceeds a mass fraction of 2 %;g) any unusual features noted during the determination, which may affect the result;h) any deviation from this International Standard, or operations regarded as optional. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 18846:2
