1、BRITISH STANDARDGeographic information Core profile of the spatial schemaICS 35.240.70BS EN ISO 19137:2008g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47
2、g36g58This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 June 2007National forewordThe UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/36, Geographic information.A list of organizations represented on this committ
3、ee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard is the UK i
4、mplementation of EN ISO 19137:2008. It is identical with ISO 19137:2007. It supersedes BS ISO 19137:2007 which is withdrawn. BS EN ISO 19137:2008ISBN 978 0 580 60495 9 BSI 2008Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments30 June 2008 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 19137:2007 as BS E
5、N ISO 19137:2008EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 19137April 2008ICS 35.240.70English VersionGeographic information - Core profile of the spatial schema (ISO19137:2007)Information gographique - Profil minimal du schmaspatial (ISO 19137:2007)Geoinformation - Kernprofil des Raumbez
6、ugsschemas (ISO19137:2007)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 March 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists a
7、nd bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibi
8、lity of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, I
9、reland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart,
10、36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 19137:2008: EForeword The text of ISO 19137:2007 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211 “Geographic information/Geomatics” of the International
11、Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 19137:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 287 “Geographic Information” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text
12、or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsibl
13、e for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Ge
14、rmany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 19137:2007 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 19137:2008
15、without any modification. BS EN ISO 19137:2008iiiContents Page Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Conformance. 1 3 Normative references . 1 4 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms. 1 5 Geometry packages 1 5.1 Class diagram . 1 5.2 Omitted constructs. 3 5.3 Classes retained without additional c
16、onstraints. 3 5.4 Concrete classes made abstract. 3 5.5 Associations 3 5.6 GM_Position 5 5.7 GM_CurveSegment. 5 5.8 GM_CurveInterpolation 5 5.9 GM_SurfaceInterpolation . 5 5.10 GM_SurfacePatch . 5 5.11 GM_Polygon 6 5.12 GM_CompositeCurve . 6 6 Topology packages 6 Annex A (informative) Supported spec
17、ifications 7 Annex B (normative) Abstract test suite 8 Annex C (informative) Extending the core. 9 Annex D (informative) Examples 11 Bibliography . 13 BS EN ISO 19137:2008blankvIntroduction This International Standard provides a core profile of the geometry part of the spatial schema specified in IS
18、O 19107 that is easy to understand and has a low cost of implementation. The profile is intentionally small and limited in order to increase the chance of gaining widespread market acceptance. A simple topology package extension of the profile might be developed as a future part of this Internationa
19、l Standard. Many user communities have requirements that go beyond the capabilities provided by this International Standard, and they may define custom profiles. While ISO 19136 also implements a profile of ISO 19107, it is a comprehensive profile, not a core profile. This International Standard sup
20、ports data types for geometric primitives of 0, 1 and 2 dimensions. It satisfies the conformance test A.1.1.3 of ISO 19107:2003. It is in conformance class 1 of ISO 19106. Annex A lists some specifications that were supported by this International Standard at the time of its publication. Annex B spe
21、cifies an abstract test suite for determining whether an application schema or profile is conformant to the core profile. Annex C discusses how to extend the core profile. Annex D presents two examples. BS EN ISO 19137:2008blank1Geographic information Core profile of the spatial schema 1 Scope This
22、International Standard defines a core profile of the spatial schema specified in ISO 19107 that specifies, in accordance with ISO 19106, a minimal set of geometric elements necessary for the efficient creation of application schemata. This International Standard supports many of the spatial data for
23、mats and description languages already developed and in broad use within several nations or liaison organizations. NOTE Data modelled with this International Standard are consistent with spatial models already developed and used by a number of organizations; see Annex A. 2 Conformance An abstract te
24、st suite for this International Standard is given in Annex B. 3 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
25、(including any amendments) applies. ISO 19107:2003, Geographic information Spatial schema ISO 19111:2003, Geographic information Spatial referencing by coordinates 4 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms For the purposes of this document, the same terms, definitions, symbols and abbrevia
26、ted terms given in ISO 19107 apply. 5 Geometry packages 5.1 Class diagram Figure 1 depicts the complete profile of ISO 19107. The constraints on ISO 19107 are too many to be shown graphically in Figure 1, but are described in 5.2 to 5.12. This International Standard is limited to applications in whi
27、ch there is a 1:1 mapping between features and geometric primitives, all geometric primitives are referenced to a single coordinate reference system, BS EN ISO 19137:20082 all curves are composed of line segments, and all surfaces are composed of planar facets. Figure 1 The complete profile Abstract
28、 classes that appear in Figure 1 and are needed to provide compatibility with ISO 19107 are omitted from the simplified representation in Figure 2. NOTE Abstract classes that are needed for compatibility with ISO 19107 have been omitted. Also, the inheritance relation between GM_Ring and GM_Object i
29、s not shown here. BS EN ISO 19137:20083Figure 2 A simplified, “flattened” view to the profile for illustrating its structure 5.2 Omitted constructs This International Standard uses no operations or interfaces from ISO 19107. Also, any other constructs from ISO 19107 are omitted in this International
30、 Standard unless they are mentioned in 5.3. 5.3 Classes retained without additional constraints The following classes are the same as in ISO 19107. Abstract classes: GM_Object (ISO 19107:2003, 6.2.2); GM_Boundary (6.3.2); GM_PrimitiveBoundary (6.3.4); GM_Primitive (6.3.10); GM_OrientablePrimitive (6
31、.3.13); GM_Complex (6.6.2); GM_Composite (6.6.3). Concrete classes: GM_Ring (ISO 19107:2003, 6.3.6), GM_SurfaceBoundary (6.3.7); GM_Point (6.3.11); GM_Curve (6.3.16); GM_Surface (6.3.17); DirectPosition (6.4.1); GM_PointArray (6.4.6); GM_LineString (6.4.10). Like ISO 19107, this International Standa
32、rd refers to the abstract class SC_CRS, which is defined in ISO 19111. 5.4 Concrete classes made abstract The following classes are concrete in ISO 19107, but abstract in this profile: GM_OrientableCurve (6.3.14); GM_OrientableSurface (6.3.15); GM_CompositeCurve (6.6.5). 5.5 Associations 5.5.1 Assoc
33、iations retained without additional constraints The following associations are the same as in ISO 19107: Coordinate Reference System (ISO 19107:2003, 6.2.2.17); association “Composition” between GM_CompositeCurve and GM_OrientableCurve (ISO 19107:2003, Figure 28). BS EN ISO 19137:20084 5.5.2 Segment
34、ation between GM_Curve and GM_CurveSegment The association “Segmentation” between GM_Curve and GM_CurveSegment (ISO 19107:2003, 6.3.16.3) is changed as follows: the multiplicity of the “curve” role is restricted from 0,1 to 1, and the multiplicity of the “segment” role is restricted from 1n to 1. In
35、stances of GM_CurveSegment thus cannot exist without being part of a GM_Curve. GM_CurveSegment:curve1 : Reference (multiplicity restricted from 0,1) 5.5.3 Segmentation between GM_Surface and GM_SurfacePatch The association “Segmentation” between GM_Surface and GM_SurfacePatch (ISO 19107:2003, 6.3.17
36、.3) is changed as follows: the multiplicity of the “surface” role is restricted from 0,1 to 1. Instances of GM_SurfacePatch thus cannot exist without being part of a GM_Surface. GM_SurfacePatch:surface1 : Reference (multiplicity restricted from 0,1) 5.5.4 DirectPosition:coordinateReferenceSystem The
37、 multiplicity of the association role “coordinateReferenceSystem” of the data type DirectPosition (ISO 19107:2003, 6.4.1.4) is restricted from 0,1 to 0. As a consequence, individual points cannot specify a reference system; this has to be established via GM_Object:CRS. The data in any dataset that c
38、onforms to this International Standard shall be in one and only one coordinate reference system. DirectPosition:coordinateReferenceSystem0 : ISO19111:SC_CRS (multiplicity restricted from 0,1) 5.5.5 GM_SurfaceBoundary:exterior The multiplicity of the association role “exterior” of GM_SurfaceBoundary
39、(ISO 19107:2003, 6.3.7.2) is restricted from 0,1 to 1. Thus, all surfaces are required to have an exterior boundary and the “universe face” is not permitted in this International Standard. GM_SurfaceBoundary:exterior1 : GM_Ring (multiplicity restricted from 0,1) 5.5.6 Interior to The multiplicity of
40、 the association roles “coincidentSubelement” and “superElement” of GM_Primitive (ISO 19107:2003, 6.3.10.4, association “Interior to”) is restricted on both ends to 0. Thus, this International Standard excludes GM_Primitives which are coincident with one another. GM_Primitive:coincidentSubelement0 :
41、 GM_Primitive (multiplicity restricted from 0n) GM_Primitive:superElement0 : GM_Primitive (multiplicity restricted from 0n) NOTE ISO 19107:2003, Figure 8 calls these association ends “containedPrimitive” and “containingPrimitive,” respectively, although they are called “coincidentSubelement“ and sup
42、erElement“ in the text of ISO 19107. 5.5.7 Contains The multiplicity of the association roles “subComplex” and “superComplex” of GM_Complex (ISO 19107:2003, 6.6.2.3, association “Contains”) is restricted on both ends to 0. Thus, this International Standard excludes GM_Complexes which are coincident
43、with one another. GM_Complex:subComplex0 : GM_Complex (multiplicity restricted from 0n) GM_Complex:superComplex0 : GM_Complex (multiplicity restricted from 0n) BS EN ISO 19137:200855.5.8 Complex The multiplicities of the association roles “element” and “complex” between GM_Primitive and GM_Complex (
44、ISO 19107:2003, 6.6.2.4, association “Complex”) are restricted to 0. Thus, geometric primitives cannot be part of a complex as complexes exceed the minimal capabilities required by this International Standard. GM_Primitive:complex0 : GM_Complex (multiplicity restricted from 0n) 5.5.9 Composition The
45、 multiplicities of the association roles “generator” and “composite” between GM_Primitive and GM_Composite (ISO 19107:2003, Figure 25, association “Composition”) are restricted to 0. Thus, geometric primitive cannot be part of a composite as composites exceed the minimal capabilities required by thi
46、s International Standard. GM_Primitive:composite0 : GM_Composite (multiplicity restricted from 0n) 5.6 GM_Position The data type GM_Position (ISO 19107:2003, 6.4.5) is restricted as follows: the multiplicity of its attribute “direct” is restricted to 1 and the multiplicity of its attribute “indirect
47、” is restricted to 0. Thus, the data type only allows the identification of a position as a coordinate (the direct variant). The indirect variant is not used. GM_Position:direct1 : DirectPosition (multiplicity restricted from 0,1) GM_Position:indirect0 : GM_PointRef (multiplicity restricted from 0,1
48、) 5.7 GM_CurveSegment The multiplicity of the attributes GM_CurveSegment:numDerivativesAtStart, numDerivativesInterior and numDerivativesAtEnd (ISO 19107:2003, 6.4.9.3) is restricted from 0,1 to 0. Thus, only simple continuity within and between adjacent curve segments is described. GM_CurveSegment:
49、numDerivativesAtStart0 : Integer (multiplicity restricted from 0,1) GM_CurveSegment:numDerivativesInterior0 : Integer (multiplicity restricted from 0,1) GM_CurveSegment:numDerivativesAtEnd0 : Integer (multiplicity restricted from 0,1) 5.8 GM_CurveInterpolation The code list GM_CurveInterpolation (ISO 19107:2003, 6.4.8) is restricted to “linear”. Thus, the interpolation between the points of a curve is restricted to straight lines, excluding al
