1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 28802:2012Ergonomics of the physicalenvironment Assessmentof environments by meansof an environmentalsurvey involving physicalmeasurements of theenvironment and subject
2、iveresponses of people (ISO28802:2012)BS EN ISO 28802:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO28802:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PH/9/-/1, Ergonomics of the physical environment.A list of organi
3、zations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISB
4、N 978 0 580 65067 3ICS 13.180Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD N
5、ORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 28802 March 2012 ICS 13.180 English Version Ergonomics of the physical environment - Assessment of environments by means of an environmental survey involving physical measurements of the environment and subjective responses of people (ISO 28802:2012) Ergonomie d
6、e lenvironnement physique - valuation au moyen dune enqute environnementale comprenant des mesurages physiques et des rponses humaines subjectives (ISO 28802:2012) Ergonomie der physikalischen Umgebung - Beurteilung von Umgebungsbedingungen auf der Grundlage von Erhebungen unter Einbeziehung physika
7、lischer Umgebungsmessungen und Angaben der Betroffenen (ISO 28802:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 February 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national
8、standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version
9、in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
10、 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COM
11、IT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 28802:2012: EBS EN ISO 28802:2012EN ISO 28802:2012 (E) 3 Forew
12、ord This document (EN ISO 28802:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publica
13、tion of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELE
14、C shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic
15、, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 28802:2012 h
16、as been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 28802:2012 without any modification. BS EN ISO 28802:2012ISO 28802:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Terms, definitions and symbols 24 Designing an environmental survey 24.1 Aim of su
17、rvey . 24.2 Measurement of the physical environment 24.3 Measurement of subjective responses . 34.4 Where to measure? . 34.5 What to measure? . 44.6 When to measure? 44.7 How many people and who? 44.8 Adaptive opportunities 45 Measurement of the thermal environment . 55.1 Physical measures 55.2 Subj
18、ective measures 55.3 Observation/assessment . 76 Measurement of the acoustical environment 86.1 Physical measures 86.2 Subjective measures 86.3 Observation/assessment . 97 Measurement of the visual and lighting environment . 97.1 Physical measures 97.2 Subjective measures 97.3 Observation assessment
19、 .108 Measurement of the air quality environment . 118.1 Physical measures 118.2 Subjective measures 118.3 Observation assessment . 119 Measurement of the vibration environment .129.1 Physical measures 129.2 Subjective measures 129.3 Observation/assessment .1310 Other environmental factors 13Annex A
20、 (informative) Example of an environmental survey in a building .14Bibliography .19BS EN ISO 28802:2012ISO 28802:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Sta
21、ndards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also
22、take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees i
23、s to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibilit
24、y that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 28802 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physical environment.iv ISO 201
25、2 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 28802:2012ISO 28802:2012(E)IntroductionThis is one of a series of International Standards concerned with the ergonomics of the physical environment. It provides a method for conducting an environmental survey. It complements other International Standards in the series
26、concerned with specific components of the environment such as thermal, acoustic, lighting and air quality environments. It builds upon those standards to allow the assessment of human response to the total environment.This International Standard presents methods for the evaluation of comfort using p
27、hysical measures of the environment and subjective measures from people. It provides methods for the assessment of thermal, acoustic, visual and lighting, and air quality environments, as well as other relevant environmental components. For each environmental component, methods are provided for meas
28、uring the physical environment and subjective responses to the environment. An assessment form for use as an environmental assessment tool by the person conducting the survey is also included.Measurement of the physical environment is conducted using relevant instrumentation such as a thermometer, s
29、ound level meter or illuminance meter. Where appropriate, reference to the relevant International Standard is provided for the specification of the instruments. Subjective methods quantify the responses of people to an environment using subjective scales. For each environmental component, examples o
30、f subjective scales are provided. The third part of the assessment is concerned with observation. For each environmental component, advice on what may be included in an observation assessment form is provided. An example of an assessment form is provided in Annex A.Each of these methods has been dev
31、eloped according to basic principles. The most appropriate form of the method or combination of methods used in concert, for the determination of environmental comfort, will depend upon the context and environment of interest. This International Standard provides both principles and application of m
32、ethods for the assessment of environments using an environmental survey, and complements standards concerned with the ergonomics of the physical environment. In particular, it can be used together with environmental indices that are valid for use in those environments. ISO 2012 All rights reserved v
33、BS EN ISO 28802:2012BS EN ISO 28802:2012Ergonomics of the physical environment Assessment of environments by means of an environmental survey involving physical measurements of the environment and subjective responses of people1 ScopeThis International Standard provides an environmental survey metho
34、d for the assessment of the comfort and well-being of occupants of indoor and outdoor environments. It is not restricted to any particular environment, but provides the general principles that allow assessment and evaluation.It presents the principles for conducting an environmental survey to assess
35、 the comfort and well-being of people in environments. It gives guidance on the design of the survey, as well as on the environmental measurements used to quantify the environment and the subjective assessment methods used to quantify the occupants responses to that environment. It does not provide
36、guidance on the design of subjective scales.It is applicable to built as well as other environments, including vehicle and outdoor environments, and to all the occupants of those environments who can be considered as providing valid responses to an environmental survey. There may be specific feature
37、s of certain types of environment that have to be taken into account; however, the general principles it outlines will apply.This International Standard is not restricted to specific environmental components. It includes assessment of thermal environments, the acoustic environment, the visual and li
38、t environment, air quality and other environmental factors that could be considered to influence the comfort and well-being of the occupants of an environment.It is a basic ergonomics standard which can contribute to the development of standards concerned with specific environments such as those fou
39、nd in buildings. It is intended to be used by people involved in the general assessment and evaluation of physical environments, including general ergonomics practitioners as well as those who develop standards and guidelines for specific applications.NOTE The results of the environmental survey pro
40、duced by the application of this International Standard may identify specific problems that require expert advice.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated referen
41、ces, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 7726, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Instruments for measuring physical quantitiesISO 7730, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Analytical determination and interpretation of thermal comfort using calc
42、ulation of the PMV and PPD indices and local thermal comfort criteriaISO 8041, Human response to vibration Measuring instrumentationISO 8996, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Determination of metabolic rateISO 9612, Acoustics Determination of occupational noise exposure Engineering methodISO 99
43、20, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Estimation of thermal insulation and water vapour resistance of a clothing ensembleISO 13731, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Vocabulary and symbolsINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 28802:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 28802:2012ISO 28802:201
44、2(E)ISO 15265, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Risk assessment strategy for the prevention of stress or discomfort in thermal working conditionsIEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 1: SpecificationsCIE 69, Methods of Characterizing Illuminance Meters and Luminance Meters: Perf
45、ormance, characteristics and specifications3 Terms, definitions and symbolsFor the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and symbols given in ISO 13731 and the following terms and definitions apply.3.1adaptive opportunityopportunity for a person to alter the environment to which he or sh
46、e is exposed by behavioural (move away, adjust posture, adjust clothing, etc.) or other means (e.g. open window, close door, adjust environmental controls)3.2behavioural methodmethod that quantifies or represents human behaviour in response to an environment3.3objective methodmethod that quantifies
47、the physical, physiological or psychological condition of a person by the use of instrumentation or measures of output such as performance measures3.4subjective methodmethod that quantifies the responses of people to an environment using subjective scales4 Designing an environmental survey4.1 Aim of
48、 surveyThe design of any environmental survey will depend upon the specific aims of that survey. It is necessary, therefore, to be specific about the aims of the survey.Two general principles are a typical environmental survey involves measuring the physical environmental conditions and also the sub
49、jective responses of people exposed to the environment, and an optimum survey will achieve its aim with efficient use of resources.4.2 Measurement of the physical environmentInstruments shall be selected according to the appropriate specifications and standards as presented in the following subclauses under each environmental component. Particular considerations will include range, accuracy, sensitivity and physical robustness. Calibration procedures will be necessary to ensure that the instruments measure according to the specificatio
