1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58The European Standard EN ISO 6497:2005 has the status of a British StandardICS 65.120Animal feeding
2、 stuffs SamplingBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 6497:2005BS EN ISO 6497:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 17 November 2005 BSI 17 November 2005ISBN 0 580 46732 5Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international o
3、r European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to incl
4、ude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN
5、ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 19 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsA list of organizations represented on this committee can be
6、obtained on request to its secretary. present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.National forewordThis
7、British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 6497:2005. It is identical with ISO 6497:2002. It supersedes BS ISO 6497:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AW/10, Animal feeding stuffs, which has the responsibility
8、 to: aid enquirers to understand the text;EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 6497March 2005ICS 65.120English versionAnimal feeding stuffs - Sampling (ISO 6497:2002)Aliments des animaux - Echantillonnage (ISO 6497:2002) Futtermittel - Probenahme (ISO 6497:2002)This European Standar
9、d was approved by CEN on 17 February 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning suc
10、h nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and
11、 notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Nethe
12、rlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form
13、and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 6497:2005: EForeword The text of ISO 6497:2002 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34 “Agricultural food products” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 649
14、7:2005 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 327 “Animal feeding stuffs - Methods of sampling and analysis“, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by Septem
15、ber 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
16、 Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 6497:2002 has been approved by CEN
17、 as EN ISO 6497:2005 without any modifications. EN ISO 6497:2005Reference numberISO 6497:2002(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO6497First edition2002-11-15Animal feeding stuffs Sampling Aliments des animaux chantillonnage EN ISO 6497:2005ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Terms and definitions. 1
18、 3 General principles . 2 4 Sampling personnel 2 5 Identification and general inspection of the lot prior to sampling. 3 6 Sampling equipment. 3 7 Sample containers 4 8 Procedure. 4 8.1 Sampling location . 4 8.2 Classification of products for the purpose of sampling . 4 8.3 Sample size 5 8.4 Samplin
19、g of grains, seeds, pulses and pellets 5 8.5 Sampling of meals and powders . 7 8.6 Sampling of roughages 9 8.7 Sampling of licks and blocks. 10 8.8 Sampling of liquids . 11 8.9 Sampling of semi-liquid (semi-solid) products 14 9 Packing, sealing and marking of samples and sample containers . 15 10 Sa
20、mpling report. 16 Annex A (informative) Feeding stuffs containing undesirable substances which are likely to be non-uniformly distributed, including mycotoxins, castor-oil seed husks and poisonous seeds 17 Bibliography 19 EN ISO 6497:2005iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardiz
21、ation) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
22、 represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standar
23、ds are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Intern
24、ational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights
25、. ISO 6497 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34, Food products, Subcommittee SC 10, Animal feeding stuffs. Annex A of this International Standard is for information only. EN ISO 6497:20051Animal feeding stuffs Sampling 1 Scope This International Standard specifies methods of sampling animal
26、 feeding stuffs, including fish feed, for quality control for commercial, technical and legal purposes. It is not applicable to pet foods. Nor are the methods intended for sampling for the purpose of microbiological examination. Conditions of, and requirements for, sampling are specified separately
27、for feeding stuffs of different physical natures. For certain categories of animal feeding stuff, specific methods of sampling are specified in other International Standards. A list of these can be found in the bibliography. When sampling the products specified, it is these methods which shall be us
28、ed. Methods of sampling for the determination of substances likely to be non-uniformly distributed are described in Annex A. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 consignment a specified quantity of feeding stuff on of
29、fer, dispatched or received at one time NOTE It may consist of one or more lots (see 2.2). 2.2 lot an identified quantity of a consignment having characteristics presumed to be uniform NOTE The uniformity of the characteristics may be due, for example, to the fact that the products are supplied by a
30、 single producer always using the same production process, where production is stable and the individual characteristics follow a normal distribution or a close approximation to a normal distribution (note that special circumstances can give rise to subdivisions in the distribution). Consequently, t
31、he term “lot” means an “inspection lot” in sampling, i.e. a quantity of material or a collection of items (a population) from which a sample is to be drawn and inspected. It may therefore differ from a collection of items referred to as a lot in the shipment context, for example. 2.3 increment a qua
32、ntity of material taken at one time from a single point in a lot 2.4 bulk sample a quantity of material obtained by combining and mixing all the increments taken from the same lot NOTE A collection of distinct and identifiable increments intended for separate investigation may be denoted the “gross
33、sample”. EN ISO 6497:20052 2.5 reduced sample a representative part of the bulk sample, obtained by a process of successive division or reduction in such a manner that the mass or volume approximates to that of the laboratory samples 2.6 laboratory sample a sample representative of the quality and c
34、ondition of the lot, obtained by division of the reduced sample and intended for analysis or other examination NOTE For each sample taken, three or four laboratory samples are normally produced. One of these should be submitted for testing and at least one stored for reference purposes. If more than
35、 four laboratory samples are required, the quantity of the reduced sample will have to be increased so that the minimum quantity requirement for all laboratory samples can be met. 3 General principles 3.1 Representative sampling The purpose of representative sampling is to obtain a small fraction fr
36、om a lot in such a way that a determination of any particular characteristic of this fraction will represent the mean value of the characteristic of the lot. The lot shall be sampled by repeatedly taking increments at various single positions in the lot. These increments shall be combined by mixing
37、to form a bulk sample from which representative laboratory samples shall be prepared by dividing. 3.2 Selective sampling If portions of the material to be sampled show a noticeable difference in quality from the rest of the material, such portions shall be separated from the material and treated as
38、a separate lot. In such cases, mention shall be made of this fact in the sampling report. If it is not possible to divide the material into separate lots, the material shall be sampled as one lot, and the sampling report shall indicate this fact. The proportion of the product suspected to be differe
39、nt shall be given, if possible. 3.3 Statistical considerations Acceptance sampling is the usual method of sampling for animal feeding stuffs. For sampling by attributes, there is a theoretical sampling plan based on a binomial distribution, but, for practical purposes, this plan has been simplified
40、to a square-root relationship between the lot size and the number of increments. NOTE 1 With bulk products, sample variances can be expected to be acceptably uniform if, for lots up to 2,5 tonnes, at least seven increments are taken and, for lots between 2,5 tonnes and 80 tonnes, the number of incre
41、ments taken is at least equal to 20m , where m is the mass, in tonnes, of the lot. If the lot exceeds 80 tonnes, the square-root relationship is still applicable, but the risk of making incorrect decisions on the basis of the samples increases. However, this can be the subject of agreement between t
42、he interested parties. NOTE 2 The application of the square-root relationship is somewhat different for the sampling of packaged animal feeding stuffs, for liquids and semi-liquids, for blocks and licks and for roughages, because the sample size may vary. 4 Sampling personnel Sampling shall be carri
43、ed out by persons suitably trained and experienced in the sampling of animal feeding stuffs and who are particularly aware of the hazards and dangers the product and the sampling process may involve. EN ISO 6497:200535 Identification and general inspection of the lot prior to sampling Positively ide
44、ntify the lot in question before any samples are taken, and, for this purpose, compare, as appropriate, the number of items in the lot, the mass of the lot or the volume of the lot, and the markings on containers and labels, with the entries on the relevant documents. Note for inclusion in the sampl
45、ing report any features, relevant to the taking of representative samples, concerning the condition of the lot and of the surroundings. Separate damaged portions of the lot and/or, if the lot is unduly heterogeneous, divide it into portions with more similar properties. Treat each of these portions
46、as separate lots. 6 Sampling equipment 6.1 General Select a sampling device appropriate to the particle size of the product, the size of the sample to be taken, the size of the container, the physical state of the product, etc. 6.2 Apparatus for taking increments from solid products 6.2.1 Examples o
47、f apparatus for manual sampling 6.2.1.1 Sampling from bulk Examples are an ordinary shovel, hand-scoop, cylindrical sampler (for example sampling spear, stick-trier or sleeve-trier) and conical sampler. The sampling spear may comprise one or more compartments. Sampling of products in motion at relat
48、ively low flow rates can be performed manually. 6.2.1.2 Sampling from bags or other packages Examples are a hand-scoop, sack-type sampling spear or trier, cylindrical sampler, conical sampler and riffle divider. 6.2.2 Examples of apparatus for mechanical sampling Approved apparatus for taking increm
49、ents periodically from a flow of product (for example pneumatic apparatus) may be used. Sampling of products in motion at high flow rates can be performed by machines with manual control. 6.3 Apparatus for taking increments from liquid or semi-liquid products by manual or mechanical means Examples are a stirrer plunger, agitator, sampling bottle, sampling tube, zone sampler and dipper, of an appropriate size. 6.4 Cleanliness When taking, reducing, storing and handling samples, special care shall be taken to ensure that the properties
