1、BRITISH STANDARD BS G183:1963 Incorporating Amendment No.1 Specification for Interconnections in analogue data transmission systems in aircraft UDC 621.316.5:621-5:629.13.05BSG183:1963 This BritishStandard, having been approved by the Aircraft Industry Standards Committee and endorsed by the Chairma
2、n ofthe Engineering Divisional Council, was published undertheauthority of theGeneralCouncil of the Institution on 31December1963 BSI03-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ACE/30 Draft for comment AC(ACE)703 ISBN 0 580 34538 6 Foreword This Brit
3、ishStandard has been written to provide uniformity of interconnections in control and indicating systems in aircraft using analogue data transmissions. In general, the requirements of the standard are compatible with those of the synchro system manual of Aeronautical Radio Incorporated of America (A
4、RINC), the handbook of the Electronic Engineering Association on a.c. systems for civil aircraft, the Ministry of Aviation publication EL.1790, Notes on manufacture and testing requirements for a.c. synchros, and the Aeronautical Recommended Practice in Synchros (ARP461A) of the Society of Automotiv
5、e Engineers. The standard covers the use of synchros, potentiometers and other analogue transducers in analogue data transmission systems for aircraft. It does not cover such things as energizing volts, transformation ratios, accuracy, voltsperdegree, etc, all of which data should be obtained from t
6、he relevant specification for the device being used. The standard requires reference to BS1523, “Glossary of terms used in automatic controlling and regulating systems”, Section3: “Kinetic control”, and Section5: “Components of servo-mechanisms”. A British Standard does not purport to include all th
7、e necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, p
8、ages1 to13 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 2281 May1977 Indicated by a sideline
9、 in the marginBSG183:1963 BSI 03-2000 i Contents Page Foreword Inside front cover 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 Section 1. Basic principles 3 Sensing 1 4 Error signals 1 5 Reference voltage (a.c. or d.c.) 1 Section 2. Signal polarities of synchros 6 Synchro types and circuits 1 7 Pin (or terminal) lette
10、ring 1 8 Pin connection sequence 3 9 Rotation convention 3 10 Positive rotation 3 Section 3. A.C. and D.C. signal polarities other than synchros 11 A.C. signals 5 12 D.C. signals 5 13 A.C. motors 5 14 D.C. motors 6 15 Amplifier units 6 a) Inputs 6 b) Feedback inputs 6 c) Outputs 6 d) Motors 6 Sectio
11、n 4. Power supplies 16 A.C. supply 7 17 D.C. supply 7 Section 5. Datum settings 18 Sensing 7 Appendix Datum and sensing of synchros 8 Introduction 8 A.1 Torque transmitter TX: Control transmitter CX: Torque receiver TR 8 A.2 Control transformer CT 9 A.3 Torque differential transmitter TDX: Control d
12、ifferential transmitter CDX: Torque differential receiver TDR 10 A.4 Resolver RS (seven-terminal) 12 A.5 Resolver RS (eight-terminal) 13 A.6 Resolver RS (six-terminal) 13 Figure 1 Functions and symbols of synchros 2 Figure 2 3 Figure 3 3 Figure 4 4 Figure 5 5 Figure 6 6 Figure 7 8 Figure 8 9 Figure
13、9 9 Figure 10 9 Figure 11 10BSG183:1963 ii BSI 03-2000 Page Figure 12 10 Figure 13 10 Figure 14 11 Figure 15 11 Figure 16 12 Figure 17 12 Figure 18 12 Figure 19 13 Figure 20 13 Table 1 Equivalent connections 3 Table 2 3 Table 3 4 Table 4 5 Table 5 7BSG183:1963 BSI 03-2000 1 1 Scope This BritishStand
14、ard relates to the interconnections in control and indicating systems in aircraft using analogue transmissions. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this BritishStandard, the definitions in BS1523, Sections3 and 5, and the following apply: error signal desired (or command) signal minus actual signal eq
15、uals error signal NOTEThis definition has not appeared previously in BritishStandards, but the term “error signal” has been used in this context because of its common usage and of its appearance in the ARINC synchro system manual. It should be noted that it differs from the terms “indication error”
16、in BS2643, Section3, Term311, and “deviation” in BS152, Section3, Term3113. Section 1. Basic principles 3 Sensing The basic principle for sensing shall be: positive signal for an increasing function. 4 Error signals For command signals the error signal shall be the desired (or command) signal less t
17、he actual signal. Thus, if the desired signal is greater than the actual signal, the error signal is positive, and vice versa. Hence, an error signal is positive if an increase in output function is required to bring the actual output signal up to the desired signal. 5 Reference voltage (A.C. or D.C
18、.) a) The reference voltage shall be the standard to which other voltages in the system shall be referred in respect of phase and magnitude. b) The reference voltage shall be the voltage between two lines, or a line to neutral, of the power supply to the system. c) The reference voltage shall be sta
19、ted and should preferably be phase AB. NOTE 1This reference voltage should not be confused with the motor fixed field voltage often referred to in text books as the Motor reference voltage. NOTE 2Any a.c. data transmission device should receive its excitation from the circuit employing the receiving
20、 device. Section 2. Signal polarities of synchros 6 Synchro types and circuits a) The symbols and functions of synchros in common use are shown in Figure 1. b) Coarse-fine synchros shall be treated as two separate devices. 7 Pin (or terminal) lettering It is not possible to use for this purpose the
21、letters marked on the synchro terminals because these are associated with a standard direction of rotation which may not obtain in the equipment. The equipment terminals shall be lettered from P to Z (omitting V). This convention is the same as that suggested in the E.E.A. manual. In the ARINC syste
22、m H is equivalent to P and C to Q. Table 1 shows the equivalent connections for a synchro at electrical zero which have the same characteristic as a standard synchro zeroed by the method described in the Appendix. BS G 183:1963 2 BSI 03-2000 Function Abbreviations Alternative symbols Function Abbrev
23、iations Alternative symbols A Torque transmitter Control transmitter Torque receiver TX, TXB CX, CXB TR, TRB F Resolver differential or computing 7 terminals RS B Torque differential transmitter Control differential transmitter Torque differential receiver TDX, CDX, CDXB TDR, G Resolver control tran
24、sformer RS C Control transformer CT, CTB H Resolver control transmitter RS D Resolver differential or computing 8 terminals RS J Feedback resolver RSF E Resolver differential or computing 6 terminals RS NOTETerminals marked “R” refer to the rotor; those marked “S” refer to the stator. Figure 1 Funct
25、ions and symbols of synchrosBSG183:1963 BSI 03-2000 3 Table 1 Equivalent connections NOTEAn example of the application of this notation is shown in Figure 2. CX Synchros1 and2 are both driven by pinion P. G 1and G 2are identical gears and hence both synchros are driven at the same rate, but in oppos
26、ite directions. If, for example, the two synchros are to transmit compass information, then the same indicator, connected to either synchro must show the same indication. This can be accomplished by reversing two stator wires on Synchro2 relative to Synchro1. Hence if P 1 Q 1 X 1 Y 1 Z 1represent Sy
27、nchro1, and P 2 Q 2 X 2 Y 2 Z 2represent Synchro2, the following connections will be made: So that if the indicator synchro (CT) is connected the indications will be identical even though the CX Synchros1 and2 are driven in opposite directions. 8 Pin connection sequence For external connections the
28、pin (or terminal) connections shall be in the order given (seeTable 2), starting at the lower numbered pin and increasing. Table 2 9 Rotation convention Positive rotation for a standard synchro, zeroed with reference to R 1 R 2 S 1 S 2 S 3etc., shall be counter-clockwise rotation of the rotor viewed
29、 from the shaft end (seeFigure 3 a), or for slab type synchros when viewed from the face from which the leads emerge (seeFigure 3 b). 10 Positive rotation a) For an ideal equivalent PQXYZ synchro (CX,TR, TX) with stator to rotor transformation ratio n : 1 excited with V volts on PQ of the rotor, the
30、 voltages in Table 3 will obtain at the stator windings for positive rotor rotation from electrical zero. Synchro type R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 S 1 S 2 S 3 S 4 CX, TX, TR CDX, TDX, TDR CT RS P X P X Q Z Q Y Y Z W X X X X Z Z Z Y Y Y Y Z W Figure 2 Synchro 1: R 1 R 2 S 1 S 2 S 3 P 1 Q 1 X 1 Z 1 Y 1 Synchro 2:
31、 R 1 R 2 S 1 S 2 S 3 P 2 Q 2 Y 3 Z 2 X 2 XZY (S 1 S 2 S 3 ) to X 1 Z 1 Y 1 or X 2 Z 2 Y 2respectively CX, TX, TR CDX, TDX, TDR CT a RS P Q X Y Z X Y Z X Y Z Q P X Y Z W X Y Z W X Y Z a Q P is given in this order to comply with Clause11 Figure 3 BSG183:1963 4 BSI 03-2000 Table 3 Positive signs indica
32、te V xz , V xy , V yzin phase with V pq , Negative signs antiphase with V pq . Thus for positive rotation of an equivalent PQXYZ synchro, the line voltages reach maximum in the following order: XZ at30 from electrical zero XY at90 from electrical zero ZY at150 from electrical zero b) Positive synchr
33、o rotation (using XYZ convention) shall be used for increasing function. c) In the use of a differential synchro, positive rotation shall cancel positive transmitter rotation when the differential is connected XX, YY, ZZ, CXCDX, XX, YY and ZZ, CDXCT. d) For an ideal resolver synchro, with stator to
34、rotor transformation ratio n : 1, excited with2Vvolts on XY of the rotor and with W and Z joined, the voltages in Table 4 will obtain at the stator windings for the positive rotor rotations from electrical zero shown (seeFigure 4). Rotor rotation Voltages between lines (multiply by V) XZ XY YZ Degre
35、es 0 0 30 n 60 0 90 n 120 0 150 +n 180 0 210 +n 240 0 270 +n 300 0 330 n n 2 - n 2 - n 2 - +n 2 - +n 2 - n 2 - +n 2 - +n 2 - +n 2 - n 2 - n 2 - +n 2 - Figure 4 BSG183:1963 BSI 03-2000 5 Table 4 Positive signs indicate V xzand V wyin phase with V xy Negative signs indicate V xzand V wyin antiphase wi
36、th V xy Section 3. A.C. and D.C. signal polarities other than synchros 11 A.C. signals For an a.c. signal source the letters a, b, c, d, shall be used. The voltage on the lower numbered pin shall be in phase with the reference voltage for a positive function, the higher numbered pin being the common
37、 reference point. (SeeFigure 5.) For an increasing function (i.e.small positive error) Pin c is in phase with Pin a, Pins b and d being common reference points. In this case the number of Pin c is lower than the number of Pin d. 12 D.C. signals For a d.c. signal source the voltage on the lower numbe
38、red pin shall become positive with respect to the higher numbered pin for a positive function. 13 A.C. motors As for synchros, the external pins or terminations of the equipment box connected to motors shall be given letters. The letters shall correspond to a direction of rotation which shall be ass
39、ociated with the function driven by the motor. a) Three-phase motors i) Lettering. The letters given to the motor shall be r, s and t. NOTEWhen the phase sequence is in the order r-s-t, thefunction driven by the motor shall increase. ii) Pin connection sequence. When a motor is connected to pins (or
40、 terminals) the pin connections for r-s-t shall be numbered in ascending order. b) Two-phase motors i) Lettering. The lettering given to the motor shall be n, p, q, r, s, t and u. Letters n, p, q shall refer to the fixed field and letters r, s, t, u to the control field. When the voltage on p leads
41、the voltage on r, with q and u the common reference, then the function driven by the motor shall increase. Rotor rotation Voltages between lines (multiply by V) XZ WY Degrees 0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360 +n +n2 +n o n n2 n o +n +n o n n2 n o +n +n2 +n Figure 5 BSG183:1963 6 BSI 03-2000 Examples:
42、ii) Pin connection sequence. As the fixed field voltage may be common to more than one motor, it will not always be possible to associate it with the control voltage. Therefore, motor leads p and q shall be associated together with p to the lower numbered pin. If the motor fixed field is centre tapp
43、ed the letter n shall be used and this shall take the lowest numbered pin used for the motor connections. The motor control winding leads shall be connected to the pins in the order given, the pin numbers used for r-s-t-u being in ascending order. 14 D.C. motors The function driven by the motor shal
44、l increase when the lower numbered pin (or terminal) is positive with respect to the higher numbered pin. 15 Amplifier units a) Inputs i) D.C. signals. The input signal shall be considered to be positive when the lower numbered pin is positive with respect to the higher numbered pin. ii) A.C. signal
45、s. The input signal shall be considered to be positive when the lower numbered pin is in phase with the reference voltage, the higher numbered pin being the common reference point. b) Feedback inputs. An amplifier often has more than one input and some of these are feedback. In the case of a feedbac
46、k the requirements of a) above shall apply, but a positive feedback signal shall cancel a positive input signal. NOTEFor a synchro CT the signal is an error signal and a positive error requires an increasing function. When a synchro output is Q in phase with the reference voltage, P being common ref
47、erence point, the error is positive. c) Outputs. The output shall be called positive when the input is positive and the voltage shall be as follows: D.C. The lower numbered pin shall be positive with respect to the higher numbered pin. A.C. The lower numbered pin shall be in phase with the reference
48、 voltage, the higher numbered pin being the common reference point. d) Motors i) Three-phase. For a positive input, the output voltage phase rotation shall be in the order of increasing numbers seeClause13 a). ii) Two-phase. The control field voltage shall comply with c) above. The motor connection
49、shall be as specified in Clause13 b). iii) Quadrature supply. The quadrature supply for the fixed field of a two-phase motor shall lead the reference voltage by90 degrees. Theleading voltage shall appear on the lower numbered pin, the higher numbered pin being the common reference point seeClause13 b). Figure 6 BSG183:1963 BSI 03-2000 7 Section 4. Power supplies 16 A.C. supply The pin (or terminal) connections shall be in the
