1、BRITISH STANDARD BS IEC 60397:1994 Test methods for batch furnaces with metallic heating resistors ICS 25.180.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS IEC 60397:1994 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Poli
2、cy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 12 June 2002 BSI 12 June 2002 ISBN 0 580 39441 7 National foreword This British Standard reproduces IEC 60397:1994 together with its corrigendum and implements it as the UK national standar
3、d. It supersedes BS 7749:1994 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/27, Electroheat, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. From 1 January 1997,
4、 all IEC publications have the number 60000 added to the old number. For instance, IEC 27-1 has been renumbered as IEC 60027-1. For a period of time during the change over from one numbering system to the other, publications may contain identifiers from both systems. Cross-references The British Sta
5、ndards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Stand
6、ard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the res
7、ponsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front c
8、over, the IEC title page, pages 2 to 19 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments937 EI:C9149 - 2 - 2 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD 3 Clause 1 Scope and object . 4 2 Normative r
9、eferences 4 3 Definitions . 5 4 Kind of tests and general test conditions 7 5 Procedure of technical tests and measurements . 8 Figures . 18 4991:79306CEISB 2002enuJ21ISB 2 BSIEC60397:1994 BSI12June2002 2937 EI:C9149 - 3 - 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ TEST METHODS FOR BATCH FURNACES
10、 WITH METALLIC HEATING RESISTORS FOREWORD 1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote international cooperation on all questio
11、ns concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate i
12、n this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement betwee
13、n the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by technical committees on which all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the subjec
14、ts dealt with. 3) They have the form of recommendations for international use published in the form of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense. 4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply I
15、EC International Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the latter. International Standard IEC 397 has been prepared by
16、IEC technical committee 27: Industrial electroheating equipment. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1972 and its supplement (1975), and constitutes a technical revision. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: Full information on the voting
17、 for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. 4991:79306CEISB 2002enuJ21ISB 3 BSIEC60397:1994 BSI12June2002 3937 EI:C9149 - 4 - 4 TEST METHODS FOR BATCH FURNACES WITH METALLIC HEATING RESISTORS 1 Scope and object The present International Stand
18、ard applies to industrial electric batch furnaces with indirect resistance heating (rated temperature in the range from 400 C to 1 800 C), provided with an automatic temperature control system, with either a natural atmosphere or a special atmosphere composed of neutral gases. This standard applies
19、to batch chamber, bell, elevator, shaft, carriage furnaces, or to furnaces of any similar construction. These furnaces may be constructed either with forced air circulation or not. This standard concerns furnaces of voltage classes 1 and 2 according to 4.2.2 of IEC 519- 1. NOTE - Furnaces with contr
20、olled atmosphere or vacuum or continuous furnaces are under consideration. The object of the present standard is the standardization of test conditions and methods to determine the essential parameters and technical data of the furnaces mentioned above. This standard does not contain a list of manda
21、tory tests and is not restrictive. According to need, tests necessary for the assessment of a furnace can be chosen at will from those specified in the suggested list. When needed, supplementary tests can also be made, in compliance with the standards in use in the countries concerned and agreement
22、between manufacturer and user. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject t
23、o revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 50(841):
24、 1983, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Chapter 841: Industrial electroheating IEC 398: 1972, General test conditions for industrial electro-heating equipment IEC 519-1: 1984, Safety in electroheat installations - Part 1: General requirements IEC 519-2: 1992, Safety in electroheat i
25、nstallations - Part 2: Particular requirements for resistance heating equipment 4991:79306CEISB 2002enuJ21ISB 4 BSIEC60397:1994 BSI12June2002 4937 EI:C9149 - 5 - 5 3 Definitions For the purpose of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. For definitions of fundamental or general
26、 terms in the field of electroheating, the reader should refer to chapter 841 of IEC 50. NOTE - In this standard, the expression “installations“ (of the furnace) includes the furnace itself and the other components. 3.1 heating chamber of furnace: Inner volume of furnace containing the heating eleme
27、nts (it is limited by the inner surface of the thermal insulation). 3.2 working chamber of furnace: Space of dimensions determined by the manu- facturer, intended for receiving the charge. NOTE - Instead of heating or working chamber, the expression heating or working space is also used. 3.3 furnace
28、 temperature i(C): Instantaneous value of the temperature measured at a defined point of the working chamber of the furnace. 3.4 controlled temperature r(C): Instantaneous value of the temperature measured by the sensor of the temperature control system. 3.5 preset temperature o(C): Instantaneous va
29、lue of the controlled temperature. 3.6 working temperature of furnace t(C): Mean value of the furnace temperature in thermal steady state (3.21), for a determined time. 3.7 rated temperature of furnace n(C): The highest value of the working tem- perature of the furnace for which it is designed. 3.8
30、rated ambient conditions of the furnace: Ambient conditions (temperature, pressure, air humidity .) for which the furnace is designed. 3.9 ambient temperature a(C): Mean value of the temperature measured in the room where the furnace is installed at points protected against the direct radiations of
31、the furnace. 3.10 reference ambient temperature ar(C): Ambient temperature to which all furnace characteristic data are referred. The reference ambient temperature is fixed at 20 C. 3.11 heating power P c(kW): Instantaneous value of the power absorbed by the heating elements of the furnace. 3.12 mea
32、n heating power P cm(kW): Mean value of the heating power over a given time interval. 3.13 rated heating power P cn(kW): Rated value of the heating power in rated conditions. 4991:79306CEISB 2002enuJ21ISB 5 BSIEC60397:1994 BSI12June2002 5937 EI:C9149 - 6 - 6 3.14 maximum heating power P cmax(kW): Ma
33、ximum value of the heating power the furnace can absorb under normal service. 3.15 furnace power P f(kW): Value at a given moment, of the total power absorbed by the installation. 3.16 average power of furnace P m(kW): Average value of the furnace power over a given time interval. 3.17 rated power o
34、f furnace P n(kW): Rated value of furnace power in rated conditions. 3.18 installed power of furnace P max(kW): Maximum value of the total power of the furnace in normal conditions of operation. 3.19 power input of furnace switched on in cold state P fo(kW): Total power input of furnace at switching
35、 in cold state (3.26). NOTE - This power input can be limited by a special device. 3.20 rated data: The set of values of the physical quantities for which the furnace is designed (frequency, voltage, temperature .). 3.21 thermal steady state of furnace: State in which the furnace temperature and the
36、 heating power of the furnace are constant or oscillate feebly around a constant average value. 3.22 no-load loss power of furnace P p(kW): Average value of heating power necessary for the maintenance of the furnace in a thermal steady state at a given working temperature (empty, closed and dried fu
37、rnace), and in given ambient conditions. 3.23 rated no-load loss power of furnace P pn(kW): No-load loss power of the furnace at the rated working temperature of the furnace ( t= n ) and in rated ambient conditions. 3.24 no-load power of installation P o(kW): Average value of the power of the instal
38、- lation in a thermal steady state of the furnace at a given working temperature and in given ambient conditions. 3.25 rated no-load power of installation P on(kW): No-load power of the installation at rated temperature of the furnace ( t= n= const) and in rated ambient conditions. 3.26 cold state o
39、f furnace: Thermal steady state in which the temperature of all the furnace components equals the ambient temperature a . 3.27 heating-up time of furnace t p(h): Time interval between switching-on of the furnace (closed and dried, without charge, in cold state) and the moment when the furnace temper
40、ature ireaches its rated value n . 4991:79306CEISB 2002enuJ21ISB 6 BSIEC60397:1994 BSI12June2002 6937 EI:C9149 - 7 - 7 3.28 heating-up time to thermal steady state t rtp(h): Time interval between the switching-on of the furnace (closed and dried furnace, without charge, in cold state) and the moment
41、 when the thermal steady state at the rated temperature is reached. 3.29 heating-up energy E n(kWh): Total energy consumed by the installation during the heating-up time of the furnace (t p ). 3.30 accumulated heat of furnace E a(kWh): Heat quantity accumulated in the mass of the furnace without cha
42、rge when it reaches the thermal steady state at rated working temperature of furnace. 4 Kind of tests and general test conditions 4.1 List of technical tests For the characterization of an electroheating installation comprising an electric resistance furnace (of the type mentioned in clause 1), the
43、following tests shall be carried out: 4.1.1 Dielectric withstand test of the furnace in cold state (see 5.1) 4.1.2 Measurement of the power input of the furnace switched-on in cold state (see 5.2) 4.1.3 Measurement of the heating-up time of the furnace (see 5.3) 4.1.4 Measurement of the heating-up e
44、nergy (see 5.3) 4.1.5 Determination of the rated no-load loss power and the rated no-load power of the furnace (see 5.4). 4.1.6 Determination of the heating-up time to the thermal steady state (see 5.4) 4.1.7 Check of the rated temperature and of the temperature stability of an empty furnace in a th
45、ermal steady state at rated temperature (see 5.5) 4.1.8 Measurement of the rated power of a furnace and of a rated heating power of a furnace (see 5.6) 4.1.9 Determination of the installed power of a furnace (see 5.7) 4.1.10 Measurement of the temperature at the outer surface and of accessible parts
46、 of the furnace in a thermal steady state at rated temperature (see 5.8) 4.1.11 Measurement of the leakage current at rated temperature (see 5.9) 4.1.12 Dielectric withstand test of a furnace at rated temperature (see 5.1) 4.1.13 Determination of the variation of the temperature during the cooling o
47、f the furnace from rated temperature (see 5.10) 4991:79306CEISB 2002enuJ21ISB 7 BSIEC60397:1994 BSI12June2002 7937 EI:C9149 - 8 - 8 4.1.14 Determination of the accumulated heat at the rated temperature (see 5.10) NOTES 1 If necessary, the measurement of the furnace temperature uniformity and the tes
48、t procedure can be the object of an agreement between manufacturer and user. 2 In agreement between manufacturer and user the no-load energy consumption defined as the electric energy consumed by an empty furnace during its heating from its cold state to its thermal steady state at the working tempe
49、rature of the furnace can be measured instead of the accumulated heat. 3 The sequence in which the tests are carried out is arbitrary but the sequence suggested above allows for a considerable reduction of their total duration. 4.2 General test conditions See IEC 398. 4.3 Particular test conditions 4.3.1 The tests specified in 4.1 shall be carried out on a furnace without charge, well dried. These tests shall be carried out with account taken of t
