1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationNuclear power plants Instrumentation and control important to safety Electrical equipment condition monitoring methodsPart 4: Oxidation induction techniquesBS IEC/IEEE 62582-4:20
2、11National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of IEC/IEEE 62582-4:2011. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteeNCE/8, Reactor instrumentation.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Thi
3、s publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 71960 8 ICS 27.120.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published un
4、der the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2012.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS IEC/IEEE 62582-4:2011IEC/IEEE 62582-4 Edition 1.0 2011-08 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Nuclear power plants Instrumentation and control impor
5、tant to safety Electrical equipment condition monitoring methods Part 4: Oxidation induction techniques Centrales nuclaires de puissance Instrumentation et contrle-commande importants pour la sret Mthodes de surveillance de ltat des matriels lectriques Partie 4: Techniques dinduction loxydation U IC
6、S 27.120.20 ISBN 978-2-88912-666-8 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE PRICE CODE CODE PRIX NORME INTERNATIONALE BS IEC/IEEE 62582-4:2011 2 62582-4 IEC/IEEE:2011 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope and object 8 2 Terms and definitions . 8 3
7、 Abbreviations and acronyms . 8 4 General description 9 5 Applicability and reproducibility 9 6 Measurement procedure . 9 6.1 Stabilisation of the polymeric materials 9 6.2 Sampling . 10 6.2.1 General . 10 6.2.2 Sample requirements . 10 6.2.3 Precautions . 10 6.3 Sample preparation . 10 6.4 Instrume
8、ntation . 11 6.5 Calibration . 11 6.6 OIT measurement method . 11 6.6.1 Measurement procedure 11 6.6.2 Temperature profile . 12 6.6.3 Gas flow 13 6.6.4 Determining the value of oxidation onset . 13 6.6.5 Reporting 14 6.7 OITP measurement method . 15 6.7.1 Measurement procedure 15 6.7.2 Temperature p
9、rofile . 16 6.7.3 Gas flow 16 6.7.4 Determining the value of oxidation onset . 16 6.7.5 Reporting 16 Annex A (informative) Interpretation of thermograms . 18 Annex B (informative) Example of a measurement report from OITP measurements 23 Annex C (informative) Influence of set temperature on the OIT
10、value . 25 Bibliography 26 Figure 1 OIT measurement Schematic of temperature and gas profile and corresponding heat flow 12 Figure 2 Schematic showing the types of baselines (flat, sloping, endothermic dip, melting endotherm) observed for OIT and OITP measurements 13 Figure 3 Schematic showing defin
11、ition of onset value for OIT and OITP measurements 14 Figure 4 Schematic of the temperature for OITP measurements and the corresponding heat flow 15 Figure A.1 Example of an OIT plot with clear baseline and onset . 18 Figure A.2 Example of OIT plot with multiple onsets 19 Figure A.3 Example of OIT p
12、lot where the baseline is difficult to define 20 BS IEC/IEEE 62582-4:201162582-4 IEC/IEEE:2011 3 Figure A.4 Example of OIT plot where heat flow is too low to use standard 0,1 Wg1threshold 20 Figure A.5 Example of an OITP plot with a well-defined baseline and onset . 21 Figure A.6 Example of an OITP
13、plot for a semi-crystalline material showing a melting endotherm prior to the oxidation onset 22 Figure A.7 Example of an OITP plot showing an endothermic dip immediately prior to the oxidation onset . 22 Figure C.1 Example of the influence of set temperature on the OIT value 25 BS IEC/IEEE 62582-4:
14、2011 4 62582-4 IEC/IEEE:2011 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL IMPORTANT TO SAFETY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT CONDITION MONITORING METHODS Part 4: Oxidation induction techniques FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a
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33、ity. International Standard IEC/IEEE 62582-4 has been prepared by subcommittee 45A: Instrumentation and control of nuclear facilities, of IEC technical committee 45: Nuclear instrumentation, in cooperation with the Nuclear Power Engineering Committee of the Power this is used as the baseline. In som
34、e materials, there is a linear change in heat flow before the onset of oxidation. This can also be used as a baseline and is referred to as a sloping baseline. Heatflow(Wg1)Time (OIT) or temperature (OITP) Flat Sloping Endothermic dip (OITP) Melting endotherm (OITP) IEC 1976/11 Figure 2 Schematic sh
35、owing the types of baselines (flat, sloping, endothermic dip, melting endotherm) observed for OIT and OITP measurements 6.6.4.2 Definition of the threshold and onset time The threshold shall be defined at 0,1 Wg1relative to the baseline. The onset time is defined by the intersection of the test curv
36、e with the threshold relative to the baseline, as shown in Figure 3. BS IEC/IEEE 62582-4:2011 14 62582-4 IEC/IEEE:2011 Heatflow(Wg1)Time (OIT) or temperature (OITP) Onset Baseline + threshold Baseline Definition of onset of OIT/OITP IEC 1977/11 Figure 3 Schematic showing definition of onset value fo
37、r OIT and OITP measurements Examples of the types of OIT thermogram that are observed in practice are given in Annex A. 6.6.5 Reporting The measurement report shall include the following items. a) Identification of the equipment sampled. This shall include: details of the material being sampled, e.g
38、. the generic polymer type, specific formulation numbers; where the sample was taken from, e.g. surface scraping, through thickness slice; for samples taken in plant, location within the plant. b) Pre-history of the equipment sampled. This shall include: time in service, or ageing time for laborator
39、y aged samples; the environmental conditions to which it has been exposed, e.g. temperature, radiation. c) Sampling method, including sample preparation (6.3). d) Place and date of the measurements. e) Instrument used and software version used for analysis (6.4). f) Calibration procedure (6.5). g) T
40、ype of sample pan used (6.3). h) Oxygen flow rate during test (6.6.3). i) Temperature profile, including ramp rates and hold times (6.6.2). NOTE If the instrument is capable of generating the information, the actual temperature profile should be included. BS IEC/IEEE 62582-4:201162582-4 IEC/IEEE:201
41、1 15 j) Baseline type and the rationale for using that specific baseline (6.6.4.1). k) Onset type and the rationale for the selection of the onset in multiple onsets. l) Threshold value used and the rationale if a non-standard value is used (6.6.4.2). m) Number of samples measured (6.3). n) Mean val
42、ue of OIT, and standard deviation, in minutes. o) Examples of the heat flow vs. time plot, particularly if the material does not show a flat baseline with single well-defined onset. 6.7 OITP measurement method 6.7.1 Measurement procedure The measurement procedure is illustrated in Figure 4. It inclu
43、des the following steps: The sample is heated in the instrument in oxygen at 10 Cmin1 The oxidation exotherm is detected by a rapid increase in heat flow The temperature at which the sample starts oxidising is determined. This is the oxidation induction temperature. Time Temperature TemperatureHeatf
44、lowBaseline Threshold 10 C min1Oxygen OITP value IEC 1978/11 IEC 1979/11 Figure 4 Schematic of the temperature for OITP measurements and the corresponding heat flow BS IEC/IEEE 62582-4:2011 16 62582-4 IEC/IEEE:2011 6.7.2 Temperature profile The temperature ramp rate shall be 10 Cmin1in oxygen from t
45、he start temperature until the oxidation onset is observed. When carrying out consecutive measurements, the starting temperature shall be 50 C. 6.7.3 Gas flow The flow rate for oxygen during OITP measurements shall be 75 mlmin1 25 mlmin1. NOTE Oxidation induction measurements can be affected by the
46、oxygen flow rate used during the tests. For low flow rates (50 mlmin1), this can result in increased induction temperatures in OITP tests. For the range of flow rates from 50 mlmin1 to 100 mlmin1, oxidation induction temperatures are not strongly dependent on the oxygen flow rate. 6.7.4 Determining
47、the value of oxidation onset 6.7.4.1 Definition of the baseline The threshold for oxidation induction is measured relative to a baseline, as shown in Figure 2. There will usually be a period of constant heat flow prior to the onset of oxidation; this is used as the baseline. In some materials, there
48、 is a linear change in heat flow before the onset of oxidation. This can also be used as a baseline and is referred to as a sloping baseline. 6.7.4.2 Definition of the threshold and onset temperature The threshold shall be defined at 0,5 Wg1relative to the baseline. The onset temperature is defined
49、by the intersection of the test curve with the threshold relative to the baseline, as shown in Figure 3. NOTE Heat flows during OITP measurements are considerably higher than in OIT measurements. The selection of a higher threshold value than that used for OIT measurements enables a more consistent value to be obtained for the onset. Examples of the types of OITP thermogram that are observed in practice are g
