1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 11108:1996 Information and documentation Archival paper Requirements for permanence and durability ICS 01.140.20; 85.060BSISO 11108:1996 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the au
2、thority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 March 1997 BSI 12-1998 ISBN 0 580 27219 2 National Foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO11108:1996 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee P
3、AI/11, Methods of test for paper, board and pulps, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related inte
4、rnational and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Stan
5、dards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for
6、 their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, page ii, pages 1 to 3 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see cop
7、yright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO11108:1996 i BSI 12-1998 Contents Page Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Arch
8、ival paper 1 3.2 Permanence 1 3.3 Durability 1 3.4 Alkali reserve (of a paper) 1 4 Required characteristics 1 4.1 General 1 4.2 Fibre composition 1 4.3 Grammage 1 4.4 Tearing resistance 1 4.5 Folding endurance 2 4.6 pH value of aqueous extract 2 4.7 Alkali reserve 2 4.8 Resistance to oxidation 2 5 R
9、eport 2 Annex A (informative) Relationship between archival paper and permanent paperas defined in ISO 9706 3BSISO11108:1996 BSI 12-1998 ii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prepar
10、ing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in li
11、aison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publicat
12、ion as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 11108 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee SC 10, Physical keeping of documents. Annex A of this International Stan
13、dard is for information only. Descriptors: Documentation, documents, publications, archives, paper, specifications, permanence, durability.blankBSISO 11108:1996 BSI 12-1998 1 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements for archival paper. It is applicable to unprinted papers inten
14、ded for documents and publications required for permanent retention and frequent use. For these documents and publications, paper of high permanence and high durability is required. NOTE 1Archival paper is primarily required for documents and publications intended to be kept permanently because of t
15、heir high historical, legal or other significant value. Archival paper is for special purposes, not for common use. The use of the term “archival paper” does not imply that all papers kept in archives are “archival papers”. NOTE 2The relationship between this International Standard and ISO9706 is de
16、scribed in annex A. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agre
17、ements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO186:1994, Paper and board Sampling to determine av
18、erage quality. ISO187:1990, Paper, board and pulps Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples. ISO302:1981, Pulps Determination of Kappa number. ISO536:1995, Paper and board Determination of grammage. ISO 1974:1990, Paper
19、Determination of testing resistance (Elmendorf method). ISO 4046:1978, Paper, board, pulp and related terms Vocabulary. ISO 5626:1993, Paper Determination of folding endurance. ISO 6588:1981, Paper, board and pulps Determination of pH of aqueous extracts. ISO 9706:1994, Information and documentation
20、 Paper for documents Requirements for permanence. ISO 10716:1994, Paper and board Determination of alkali reserve. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 archival paper paper of high permanence and high durability 3.2 permanence the abilit
21、y to remain chemically and physically stable over long periods of time ISO9706 3.3 durability the ability to resist the effects of wear and tear when in use 3.4 alkali reserve (of a paper) a compound (such as calcium carbonate) that neutralizes acid that might be generated as a result of natural age
22、ing or from atmospheric pollution, determined as specified in ISO10716 ISO9706 4 Required characteristics 4.1 General A sample of the lot under inspection shall be obtained as described in ISO186. By visual inspection, the paper shall be free from obvious defects, such as creases, large specks, hole
23、s and wrinkles. 4.2 Fibre composition The paper shall be made principally from fibres of cotton, cotton linters, hemp, flax, or mixtures thereof. If a minor fraction of fully bleached chemical pulp is used to reach desirable performance, the amount shall be specified. NOTEA desirable performance doe
24、s not only refer to the intrinsic properties of paper, but also includes, for instance, printing performance in various printing devices. For this reason, a maximum limit for a fully bleached chemical pulp fraction is not specified. 4.3 Grammage The grammage, determined as described in ISO536, shall
25、 be at least 70g/m 2 . NOTENo upper limit is given, but the ISO definition of paper excludes materials of grammage exceeding 225g/m 2 . 4.4 Tearing resistance The tearing resistance in any direction (machine or cross) shall be at least 350mN. The samples shall be conditioned at 23 C and 50% relative
26、 humidity as described in ISO187. The tear test shall be performed as described in ISO1974.BSISO 11108:1996 2 BSI 12-1998 4.5 Folding endurance The paper shall have a folding endurance in any direction (machine or cross) of at least 2,42 when determined with the Schopper instrument or at least 2,18
27、when determined with the Lhomargy, the Khler-Molin or the MIT instrument. The samples shall be conditioned at 23 C and 50% relative humidity as described in ISO187. The determination and calculation of the folding endurance shall be performed as described inISO5626. When determining the folding endu
28、rance, make sure that the folding zone in no case accommodates parts of a watermark (as defined in ISO4046). NOTEA folding endurance of 2,42 corresponds to a fold number of about 260. A folding endurance of 2,18 corresponds to a fold number of 150. It should be observed that the folding endurance is
29、 the mean of the logarithms (to the base 10) of each of the individual readings. 4.6 pH value of aqueous extract The pH value of an aqueous extract, prepared with cold water and determined as specified in ISO6588, shall be in the range from 7,5 to 10,0. NOTEThis test gives the average pH of the pape
30、r. However, no single layer should have a pH value below 7,5. To ensure this, the manufacturers warrant of the use of an alkaline process may be accepted as indication that the paper meets this requirement. 4.7 Alkali reserve The paper shall have an amount of alkali reserve corresponding to at least
31、 0,4mol of acid per kilogram, determined as specified in ISO10716. NOTE 1When calcium carbonate is used to create the alkali reserve, the requirement is met if the paper contains about 20g of CaCO 3per kilogram of paper. NOTE 2In the event that archival paper is produced as coated paper, it should b
32、e recognized that this requirement gives the average alkali reserve of the paper. However, no single layer should have an alkali reserve below that corresponding to 0,4mol of acid per kilogram of paper. 4.8 Resistance to oxidation The paper shall have a Kappa number of less than5,0 when measured as
33、specified in ISO302 with the modification given in annex A ofISO9706:1994. 5 Report The testing laboratory shall include in its report the following: a) precise identification of the paper lot tested; b) date and place of testing; c) the visual observations made when inspecting the sample, according
34、 to 4.1; d) the grammage of the paper, determined as specified in ISO536; e) the test results obtained when testing as specified in 4.4 to 4.8, expressed as stated in the relevant International Standard; f) any other observations made that may be of importance for the permanence or durability of the
35、 paper; g) a statement that the paper meets or fails to meet the requirements of this International Standard. In the latter case, the specific reasons shall be stated.BSISO 11108:1996 BSI 12-1998 3 Annex A (informative) Relationship between archival paper and permanent paper as defined in ISO 9706 A
36、ny paper that is made according to this International Standard will also meet the requirements of ISO9706. It may therefore be marked or imprinted with the compliance symbol, in annex B of ISO9706 if the producer should so wish. The compliance may also be advertised, for example, in paper trade cata
37、logues. This is, however, not specifically recommended, since it is compliance with this International Standard that must be most important to make known. Furthermore, the paper will often be used for documents on which an imprinted symbol of compliance would be inappropriate. A special symbol of co
38、mpliance for this International Standard is not included, since it might lead to confusion.BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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