1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 11156:2011Packaging Accessible design General requirementsBS ISO 11156:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 11156:20
2、11.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PKW/0/-/12, Packaging - Ease of opening.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contra
3、ct. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 66440 3ICS 11.180.99; 55.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 20
4、11.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 11156:2011Reference numberISO 11156:2011(E)ISO 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO11156First edition2011-07-01Packaging Accessible design General requirements Emballage Conception accessible Exigences gnrales BS ISO 11156:2011ISO 11156:2011(E
5、) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address
6、 below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 11156:2011ISO 11156:2011(E) ISO 2011
7、All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Main aspects for accessible design for packaging .2 4.1 Information and marking 2 4.2 Handling and manipulation 3 4.3 Evaluation of accessible design for packaging .4 5 Speci
8、al considerations on packaging of harmful contents 5 5.1 Markings.5 5.2 Design of containers to avoid danger and damage.5 Annex A (informative) Structure for accessible design standards in packaging.6 Annex B (informative) Framework of considerations for testing accessibility General approach7 Annex
9、 C (informative) Examples of accessible packaging design9 Bibliography13 BS ISO 11156:2011ISO 11156:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prepari
10、ng International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in lia
11、ison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of
12、technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is
13、drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 11156 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging. BS ISO 11156:2011ISO 11156:2011(E) ISO 2011 A
14、ll rights reserved vIntroduction The accessible design of packages is a worldwide matter of concern because it allows everybody to use them safely, comfortably, and with satisfaction, irrespective of age, perceptual and cognitive ability, level of physical functioning, language and culture. This Int
15、ernational Standard is designed to serve as a guideline for increasing accessibility in designing packages and packaged products. Our aging population goes beyond specific countries to be a global trend. This aging leads to a relative increase in those with reduced ability and function using package
16、s. As a result, around the globe packaged products are used by increasingly frail individuals. Building a social infrastructure to provide rights to the disabled, which is adopted by the United Nations, is a worldwide issue1. Further, this globalization results in the circulation of packages across
17、borders, causing problems due to differences in language and culture. This International Standard complies with ISO/IEC Guide 712, and ISO/TR 224113. Following ISO/IEC Guide 71, this International Standard is designed to serve as a series of considerations to enhance accessibility of packaged produc
18、ts. This International Standard does not supersede or replace any applicable safety or regulatory marking or labelling requirements. BS ISO 11156:2011BS ISO 11156:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11156:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Packaging Accessible design General requirements 1 Scope This
19、International Standard provides a framework for design and evaluation of packages so that more people, including persons from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds, older persons and persons whose sensory, physical, and cognitive functions have been weakened or have allergies, can appropriat
20、ely identify, handle and use the contents. It considers varying aspects of the packaged product, including identification, purchase, use and disposal. This International Standard does not apply to dimensions, materials, manufacturing methods, or evaluation methods of individual packages. 2 Normative
21、 references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 21067:2007, Packaging Vocabulary
22、ISO/IEC 19762 (all parts), Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21067, ISO/IEC 19762 (all parts), and the following apply. 3.1 accessi
23、ble design design focussed on principles of extending standard design to people with some type of performance limitation to maximize the number of potential customers who can readily use a product, building or service 3.2 alternative format different presentation that can make products and services
24、accessible by the use of another mobility or sensory ability 3.3 packaging product any product to be used for the containment, protection, handling, delivery, storage, transport and presentation of goods, from raw materials to processed goods, from the producer to the user or consumer, including pro
25、cessor, assembler or other intermediary ISO 21067:2007, 2.1.1 BS ISO 11156:2011ISO 11156:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved4 Main aspects for accessible design for packaging 4.1 Information and marking 4.1.1 Contents The factors in 4.1.1.1 to 4.1.1.4 shall be considered in making the content inf
26、ormation and markings accessible. 4.1.1.1 Characters and imagery Characters shall be legible considering appropriate combinations of size, font, contrast and colour among other aspects for good visibility. Imagery such as pictograms shall be easily understood. NOTE Important information written in l
27、arge characters with good contrast increases accessibility for those with limited vision. 4.1.1.2 Braille and tactile cues Tactile cues and information provided in Braille shall be perceptible and understandable to make the packaged product more accessible for all people including persons with visua
28、l disabilities. EXAMPLE The use of Braille for pharmaceutical products (Directive 2004/27/EC)4. NOTE There are many non-Braille readers with visual disabilities. For the tactile cues to be effective, the appropriate information should take into account the use of symbols and pictograms, as well as t
29、he form of language being used (i.e. size, proportion etc.). Social and cultural background should also be taken into account to make this International Standard acceptable and usable internationally and to benefit the elderly and disabled, as well as to apply for all types of packaging. 4.1.1.3 Pro
30、viding information through alternative formats When there is information printed on the package, alternative formats of communication shall be considered. EXAMPLE Using ICT (Information and Communication Technology) based formats to provide information on ingredients and/or substances that can cause
31、 allergic reactions5,6. 4.1.1.4 Position to indicate information The essential information for safe and effective use of a product shall be indicated in a conspicuous place that is not destroyed when the package or container is opened. EXAMPLE Ingredients, instructions for use, and expiration dates
32、and warnings, etc. The essential information on each portion package should be indicated when a product is packed in separate portions. 4.1.2 Identification 4.1.2.1 By colour Identification by colour is useful for distinguishing packages of the same shape. Selecting colours discernible by those who
33、can have issues with colour perception shall be considered. BS ISO 11156:2011ISO 11156:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 34.1.2.2 By Braille and other tactile cues The use of Braille and other tactile cues, including raised characters, symbols, and notches, shall be considered, as these are effec
34、tive for identifying different packages with the same shape. NOTE A cut indicating the opening of a package or container helps locate the opening. 4.1.2.3 Specific shape of packages The identification of a package with a specific shape by both touch and sight shall be considered. 4.1.2.4 For easily
35、misidentified products Concise identification is crucial for safe and effective use of the packaged products. Where there is a risk of misidentification, a package shall have conspicuous markings identifying its contents. 4.1.3 Openings 4.1.3.1 Opening position The position of the opening shall have
36、 a shape and other characteristics that can be easily identified. EXAMPLE 1 The opening position having a colour different from or contrasting with the surrounding area. EXAMPLE 2 A cut-out to indicate the opening position. 4.1.3.2 Opening methods The opening method or mechanism shall be clearly mar
37、ked, either in writing or as a graphic illustration or combination thereof when it is not clearly evident. 4.2 Handling and manipulation 4.2.1 Portability Packaged products should be easy to carry, taking into account appropriate size, shape, mass, frictional properties and stability (centre of grav
38、ity, balance and stiffness). 4.2.2 Ease of opening and re-closing 4.2.2.1 Ease of opening Packages shall be designed so that they can be opened smoothly, irrespective of the size or power of the hands. EXAMPLE Packages either with finger grips or slip stoppers or made of a material that can be easil
39、y cut straight. 4.2.2.2 Ease of re-closing Re-closable packages shall be considered to have a structure firm enough to ensure re-closing to maintain package integrity. EXAMPLE A re-closable package having a touch or auditory (e.g. click) mechanism to affirm that the package has been securely reclose
40、d. BS ISO 11156:2011ISO 11156:2011(E) 4 ISO 2011 All rights reserved4.2.3 Taking out the contents 4.2.3.1 Ease of taking out the appropriate quantity Packages should have a mechanism to measure out or take out an appropriate controlled quantity of the contents to prevent excess contents from leaving
41、 the package or container. 4.2.3.2 Ease of content removal Packages shall be designed to prevent splashing or spilling in use and to provide users with access to all of the contents. 4.2.4 Storage and stability 4.2.4.1 Efficiency Packages shall be designed for easy and efficient storage and be stabl
42、e during storage. 4.2.4.2 Visibility Packages shall be designed so that product names, expiration dates and essential information are easily recognizable during storage. 4.2.4.3 Quality assurance Packages shall be designed so that the quality of the contents is maintained in both use and storage env
43、ironments. 4.2.5 Separation and disposal 4.2.5.1 Ease of separating Packages should be designed and marked with the appropriate material type to allow easy sorting by the consumer for disposal. 4.2.5.2 Ease of disposal Packages shall be designed in such a way that users can perceive, understand and
44、are capable of disposing of the empty package easily and safely, facilitating a variety of end-of-life scenarios. EXAMPLES Paper boxes that can be easily folded, tubes that can be easily collapsed, or plastic bottles that can be easily crushed. 4.2.5.3 Safety Packages shall be designed to ensure saf
45、ety and prevent danger during and after sorting and disposal. 4.3 Evaluation of accessible design for packaging 4.3.1 Evaluation considerations 4.3.1.1 Stages of packaging Evaluation of accessibility for packages shall be considered in light of all phases of packaging, including manufacturing, distr
46、ibution, usage and disposal. BS ISO 11156:2011ISO 11156:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 54.3.1.2 Context of use and human abilities Evaluation of accessibility shall be considered in light of the context of use and human abilities (sensory, physical, cognitive and allergies). NOTE For the purpo
47、ses of this International Standard, the context of use includes the physical and social conditions under which the package is being used (e.g. a store, a home, etc.). 4.3.2 Evaluation methodology Instrument-based evaluation and user-based evaluation should be carried out in parallel and should compl
48、ement each other. Instrument-based evaluation uses measuring instruments to obtain quantified data, such as force and torque levels in physical tests. User-based evaluation relies on methods involving humans with or without the use of measuring instruments. It provides insight into the users sensory
49、, physical and cognitive aspects of accessibility. 5 Special considerations on packaging of harmful contents 5.1 Markings 5.1.1 Prevention of misuse Packages of products that can pose a danger because of potential misuse or accidental ingestion of contents shall have danger markings in the most conspicuous places. Such danger markings should also be identifiable by alternative formats. EXAMPLE 1 A package containing a chlorine cleaning agent indicating that mixing its content with an acid cleaning agent prod
