1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 11209:2012Ships and marine technology Large yachts Deck craneand access gangways strengthrequirementsBS ISO 11209:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standa
2、rd is the UK implementation of ISO 11209:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee SME/32/-/12, Large Yachts.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the ne
3、cessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 66171 6ICS 47.040Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was p
4、ublished under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 11209:2012 ISO 2012Ships and marine technology Large yachts Deck crane and access gangways strength requirementsNavires et technologie maritime G
5、rands yachts Exigences de rsistance des grues de pont et des passerelles daccsINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO11209First edition2012-09-15Reference numberISO 11209:2012(E)BS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012All rights reserved. Unless otherw
6、ise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright o
7、fficeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope 12 Terms and definitions . 13 General requirements . 23.1
8、Service class . 23.2 Applied loads 23.3 Design criteria 94 Strength check . 114.1 Metallic materials . 114.2 Composite materials .135 Buckling check .136 Deflection check 137 Connections 138 Miscellaneous .138.1 Ropes 138.2 Fittings .148.3 Foundations 149 Rest condition 14Bibliography .15BS ISO 1120
9、9:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a
10、 subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commissio
11、n (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical comm
12、ittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not b
13、e held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 11209 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 12, Ships and marine technology Large yachts .iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11209:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11209:2012(E)
14、Ships and marine technology Large yachts Deck crane and access gangways strength requirements1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies requirements for the minimum structural scantling of lifting appliances for large yachts.It is applicable to the following lifting appliances: cranes; access gang
15、ways (including side ladders); access gangways when used as a lifting appliance.This International Standard is not applicable to lifting means for life saving appliances, which are covered by recognized rules and/or international regulations.This International Standard covers mainly the following as
16、pects: service class; applied loads; design criteria; allowable stresses; strength check; elastic stability check; connections.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.2.1large yachtship with a hull length, LH, equal to or higher than 24 m,
17、used for sport or pleasure and commercial operationsNOTE For a definition of LH, see ISO 8666.2.2lifting appliancemeans of loading/unloading weights on board, excluding people loads2.3access gangwaymeans of embarking/disembarking people2.4life saving appliancesurvival craft EXAMPLE Life boat, rescue
18、 boat, inflatable life raft, rigid life raft. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)2.5favourable weather conditionsteady wind up to Beaufort Force 42.6calm watersea state with waves up to 0,3 m significant height2.7wave significant heightmean height of the highest one thir
19、d of the wavesNOTE Wave significant height approximately corresponds to the wave height estimated by an experienced observer.2.8jib type cranecrane (either rotating or not) with arm (either hoistable or not)2.9gantry cranebeam or carriage, with lifting device, running on guides2.10light service clas
20、sclass used to refer to lifting of general equipment and supplies3 General requirements3.1 Service classFor the purposes of this International Standard, a light service class shall be considered, and the following load amplification factor M (service factor) shall be applied:M = 1,053.2 Applied load
21、s3.2.1 GeneralThe following load evaluation takes into account that the lifting appliances are to be operated in favourable weather conditions and in calm waters.The following loads shall be considered: main loads acting statically on the lifting appliance structure; inertia forces due to lifted loa
22、d vertical movement; inertia forces due to lifting appliance movements; static loads due to yacht trim and list.3.2.2 Main loadsThe following loads are defined as main loads (see Figure 1): PS: weight (N) of lifting appliance structure; PF: weight (N) of fittings and mechanical parts permanently con
23、nected to the lifting appliance;2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E) PL: service load (N) (maximum weight to be lifted); PM: weight (N) of mobile fittings lifted together with service load.PSPSPFPSPMPLFigure 1 Main loadsThe service load (PL) shall be declared by the manuf
24、acturer, marked on the lifting appliance and listed in the users manual.For access gangways, the service load (type and value) for which the appliance is designed shall be clearly declared and marked on the gangway, and shall be listed in the users manual. For example the access gangway load can be
25、defined as a uniformly distributed load (p in Figure 2) or as a number of concentrated loads P (people accessing the yacht) for which the following data shall be defined (Figure 3): number of loads; amount of each load; position of loads along the access gangway. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS ISO
26、 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)Keyp distributed loadFigure 2 Uniformly distributed load4 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)KeyP concentrated loadsa distance from the load to the end of the gangwayb distance between the concentrated loadsFigure 3 Concentrated loadsFor gangway
27、s that can be used either hanging free above the quay or with the end supported by the quay, the maximum load to be marked is that resulting from the worst loading condition.When the access gangway can also be used as a crane, the structural check shall be carried out for the two separate loading ca
28、ses.3.2.3 Inertia loads due to lifted load vertical movementTo take into account the inertia force due to lifted load vertical movement, the loads PLand PMshall be multiplied by the dynamic factor given by: = 1 + K vS (1)where:K is the coefficient = 0,3 (jib type crane), 0,6 (gantry crane);vSis the
29、load lifting velocity (m/s), to be taken as no more than 1.Factor , to be taken as not less than 1,15, is given in Figure 4. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)00,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,91,01,11,21,31,41,5K = 0,3K = 0,61,01,11,21,31,41,51,61,7vSFigure 4 Dynamic factor3.
30、2.4 Inertia loads due to lifting appliance horizontal translationThe force due to horizontal translation, Pt, is as follows:Pt= M (PL+ PM) at/g (2)where:atis the translating acceleration (m/s2);g is gravity acceleration (9,81 m/s2).If acceleration atis not specified, it can be obtained from Figure 5
31、 as a function of translating speed vt.0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5vtat0,090,100,110,120,130,140,150,160,170,180,19Figure 5 Translating acceleration6 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)3.2.5 Inertia loads due to lifting appliance slewingThe force due to
32、slewing, Pr, is as follows:Pr= M (PL+ PM) ar/g (3)where aris the slewing acceleration (m/s2).If acceleration aris not specified, it can be assumed to be 0,6 (m/s2) at the jib head at maximum outreach.3.2.6 Loads due to yacht trim and listUnless higher values are specified, all the combinations of th
33、e following angles shall be considered, according to the location on board and the degree of freedom of the lifting appliance:List - 5 0 + 5Longitudinal trim - 2 0 + 2as in the following examples, where (see Figure 6): is the transversal angle of the lifting appliance arm; is the longitudinal angle
34、of the lifting appliance arm.Figure 6 Lifting appliance angles ISO 2012 All rights reserved 7BS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)Example No. 1 Non-rotating lifting appliance fitted in longitudinal direction 0 00 -20 +25 05 -25 +2Example No. 2 Non-rotating lifting appliance fitted in transversal direct
35、ion 0 00 -50 +52 02 -52 +58 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)Example No. 3 Rotating lifting appliance 0 00 -20 +25 05 -25 +20 -50 +52 02 -52 +53.3 Design criteriaThe following forces shall be considered as acting simultaneously:PL: service load (N) (maximum weight to be
36、lifted);PM: weight (N) of mobile fittings lifted together with service load;PS: weight (N) of lifting appliance structure;PF: weight (N) of fittings and mechanical parts permanently connected to the lifting appliance;also taking into account the service factor M and the dynamic factor .The design to
37、tal load on lifting appliance is, in general, as follows:PT= M (PS+ PF) + (PL+ PM) (N) (4)where the components (horizontal and vertical) of loads P shall be considered with their relevant action line and direction (see Figure 7). ISO 2012 All rights reserved 9BS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)VTLF =
38、 M(P + P )LMF = F cosL sinF = F cosV cosF cosFF cosF = F sinTFigure 7 Lifted loadThe inertia loads due to lifting appliance movements shall be taken into account and the forces Ptand Prshall be applied in addition to the above forces (see Figures 8 and 9).PtFigure 8 Horizontal translation force10 IS
39、O 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)rPFigure 9 Slewing forceThe scheme of Figure 7 applies also to the weights of the lifting appliance (located according to their distribution), where:F = M (PS+ PF) (N) (5)The schemes of Figure 8 and Figure 9 apply also to the weights of the
40、 lifting appliance, where:Pt= M (PS+ PF) at/g (N) (6)Pr= M (PS+ PF) ar/g (N) (7)The dynamic factor shall be taken as 1 when the lifted load movement is not foreseen to be simultaneous to any other appliance movement (i.e. slewing, translating).The most unfavourable working angle in vertical plane of
41、 crane arm or access gangway shall be considered.It is assumed that the gangways are free to move on the quay, due to wheels or rollers on the free end, so no horizontal reaction force from the quay shall be taken into account.For gangways with wheels on the quay side, if it is possible that only on
42、e wheel will be in contact with the quay, the arising effects on the structure shall be taken into account.4 Strength check4.1 Metallic materialsWith reference to the above design criteria, the resulting stresses (evaluated with a simple beam theory approach or with finite element analysis) shall be
43、 not greater than the following allowable ones (according to the relevant construction material) applicable to lifting appliances operated only in favourable weather conditions and in calm waters.If the lifting appliance is also to be operated in different weather and water conditions, additional st
44、ructural checks, taking into account inertia loads due to yacht movements (depending on yacht characteristics and lifting appliance location on board), shall be carried out; in this case the allowable stresses listed below can be increased by 25%. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 11BS ISO 11209:2012ISO
45、11209:2012(E)The equivalent stress (N/mm2) is defined as follows:eq-= +xyxyxy2223 (8)wherexis the bending and axial stress (N/mm2) in x direction;yis the bending and axial stress (N/mm2) in y direction;xyis the shear stress (N/mm2).4.1.1 Carbon steelAllowable stresses:Bending and axial stress: ayt1,
46、52,15=min;RR(N/mm2) (9)Shear stress: aa=3(N/mm2) (10)Equivalent stress: ayt1,52,15=min;RR(N/mm2) (11)Bearing stress: pRay1,1= (N/mm2) (12)where Ry(N/mm2) is the yield limit and Rt(N/mm2) is the tensile strength of the material.4.1.2 Stainless steelAllowable stresses:Bending and axial stress: a0,2t1,
47、52,15=min;RR(N/mm2) (13)Shear stress: ama=3(N/mm2) (14)Equivalent stress: a0,2t1,52,15=min;RR(N/mm2) (15)Bearing stress: pRa0,21,1= (N/mm2) (16)where R0,2(N/mm2) is the 0,2% proof stress and Rt(N/mm2) is the tensile strength of the material.4.1.3 Aluminium alloyAllowable stresses:Bending and axial s
48、tress: a0,2t1,72=min;RR(N/mm2) (17)Shear stress: ama=3(N/mm2) (18)12 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11209:2012ISO 11209:2012(E)Equivalent stress: a0,2t1,72=min;RR(N/mm2) (19)Bearing stress: pRa0,21,1= (N/mm2) (20)where R0,2(N/mm2) is the 0,2% proof stress and Rt(N/mm2) is the tensile strength of
49、 the material.4.2 Composite materialsReference shall be made to Tsai-Wu failure criterion with the introduction of a safety factor (Fs), as follows, to evaluate a safe limit state of stress:FFFii ij ij+1s(21)where:Fs= 2: structural check in favourable weather conditions and in calm waters;Fs= 1,6: additional structural check in conditions different from fa
