1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 11347:2012Ships and marine technology Large yachts Measurement and assessmentof the visual appearance ofcoatingsBS ISO 11347:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis Bri
2、tish Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 11347:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee SME/32/-/12, Large Yachts.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include
3、 all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 65507 4ICS 47.040Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Sta
4、ndard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 11347:2012 ISO 2012Ships and marine technology Large yachts Measurement and assessment of the visual appearance of coatingsNavires et tec
5、hnologie maritime Grands yachts Mesurage et valuation de lapparence visuelle des revtementsINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO11347First edition2012-05-15Reference numberISO 11347:2012(E)BS ISO 11347:2012ISO 11347:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012All rights reserved.
6、Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.IS
7、O copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 11347:2012ISO 11347:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Te
8、rms and definitions . 14 General . 65 Parameters, measurement and test methods 65.1 Gloss . 65.2 Colour difference . 75.3 Orange peel . 75.4 Fairness . 75.5 Sags 85.6 Dirt retention . 85.7 Overspray 85.8 Sanding marks . 85.9 Blistering . 95.10 Water marks 95.11 Polishing marks . 95.12 Blooming .10An
9、nex A (normative) Test method for gloss measurement of coatings 11Annex B (normative) Test method for colour difference measurement of coatings 13Annex C (normative) Test method for measurement of orange peel of coatings .15Annex D (normative) Test method for measurement of fairness of coatings 17An
10、nex E (normative) Test method for measurement of sags of coatings.18Annex F (normative) Test method for measurement of dirt retention of coatings .19Annex G (normative) Test method for measurement of overspray of coatings 20Annex H (normative) Test method for measurement of sanding marks of coatings
11、 .21Annex I (normative) Test method for measurement of blistering of coatings .22Annex J (normative) Test method for measurement of water marks of coatings .23Annex K (normative) Test method for measurement of polishing marks of coatings .24Annex L (normative) Test method for measurement of blooming
12、 of coatings 25Bibliography .26BS ISO 11347:2012ISO 11347:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical co
13、mmittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with th
14、e International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft Internation
15、al Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
16、 subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 11347 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 12, Ships and marine technology Large yachts.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11347:201
17、2ISO 11347:2012(E)IntroductionThis International Standard defines the exterior surface appearance and quality requirements for large yachts. The requirements are described in terms of appearance and colour attributes for above the waterline external areas. The purpose of this International Standard
18、is to ensure that the level of exterior coating finish of the yachts will meet the customers expectations in term of gloss, colour and appearance.This International Standard specifically covers the visual characteristics of yacht coatings. It is not the purpose of this International Standard to cove
19、r any other aspects of the coating.In particular, this International Standard does not address the degradation of an accepted coating over time or the assessment of the visual appearance of gelcoat.NOTE Taking into account work environment conditions that are partially unprotected in which the coati
20、ng activities occur, conditions that suffer sudden changes in weather and environment, repairs and adjustments are considered an integral part of the process before final acceptance. The partial accidental reinstatements will be regarded as part of the integration process as long as parameters of th
21、e project such as environmental conditions, stages and timing of activities, equipment, products, and application are all within the requirements of final acceptance.The defect of “edge marking”, swelling or sweated edges showing in the top coat around feather-edge sanded, old or previous paintwork,
22、 is therefore to be regarded as acceptable in its processing, provided that the defect is not greater than 5 % of the total external coated surface. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS ISO 11347:2012BS ISO 11347:2012Ships and marine technology Large yachts Measurement and assessment of the visual appea
23、rance of coatings1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies technical requirements for the measurement and assessment of the visual appearance of the superficial coating of large yachts in terms of gloss, colour and any other superficial defects.This International Standard is applicable to large y
24、achts, of length, LH, as defined in ISO 8666, higher than or equal to 24 m, and in use for sport or pleasure and commercial operations.It describes the technical properties within which the final finish is to be evaluated before its acceptance.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents
25、 are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2813, Paints and varnishes Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint
26、 films at 20, 60 and 85ISO 7724-1, Paints and varnishes Colorimetry Part 1: PrinciplesISO 7724-2, Paints and varnishes Colorimetry Part 2: Colour measurementISO 7724-3, Paints and varnishes Colorimetry Part 3: Calculation of colour differences3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document,
27、 the following terms and definitions apply.3.1abrasion resistancecoating wear resistance property3.2blisteringconvex deformation in a film, arising from local detachment of one or more of the constituent coatsISO 4618:2006, 2.283.3bloomingformation of a deposit on the surface of a filmNOTE A special
28、 form of blooming is an efflorescence.ISO 4618:2006, 2.303.4chalkingappearance of a fine, loosely adherent powder on the surface of a film arising from the degradation of one or more of its constituentsISO 4618:2006, 2.39INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11347:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 1
29、1347:2012ISO 11347:2012(E)3.5chromatic coordinatesparameters identifying the position of a colour in a chromatic three-dimensional space3.6coatingcontinuous layer formed from a single or multiple application of a coating material to a substrateISO 4618:2006, 2.493.7coating materialproduct, in liquid
30、, paste or powder form, that, when applied to a substrate, forms a film possessing protective, decorative and/or other specific propertiesISO 4618:2006, 2.503.8coating processprocess of application of a coating material to a substrate, such as dipping, spraying, roller coating, and/or brushingISO 46
31、18:2006, 2.523.9coating systemcombination of all coats of coating materials which are to be applied or which have been applied to a substrateNOTE The actual system can be characterized by the number of coats involved.ISO 4618:2006, 2.533.10colorimetryfundamental requirements necessary for determinin
32、g the colour coordinates of paint films and related materials3.11coloursensation resulting from the visual perception of radiation of a given spectral compositionISO 4618:2006, 2.573.12crackingrupturing of a dry filmISO 4618:2006, 2.633.13crateringformation in a film of small circular depressions th
33、at persist after dryingISO 4618:2006, 2.643.14deck housesuperstructure on the upper deck of a yacht3.15dirt retentiontendency of a dry film to retain soiling material on its surface which cannot be removed by simple cleaning2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11347:2012ISO 11347:2012(E)3.16dryingal
34、l the processes by which a film passes from the liquid to the solid stateISO 4618:2006, 2.843.17dry sprayingrough and uneven finish to the surface of the paint film where the particles are insufficiently fluid to flow together3.18fairnessparticular range of wavelengths of defects from 300 mm to 1 00
35、0 mm3.19fingerprintsdamages of wet film due to accidental contact by operators and/or objects3.20fish eyespresence of craters in a coat each having a small particle of impurity in the centreISO 4618:2006, 2.1093.21flakingdetachment of small areas of the coating due to loss of adhesionISO 4618:2006,
36、2.1103.22flexibilityability of a dry film to follow without damage the deformations of a substrate to which it is appliedISO 4618:2006, 2.1163.23flowproperty of a coating material that enables levellingISO 4618:2006, 2.1203.24glossoptical property of a surface, characterized by its ability to reflec
37、t light specularlyISO 4618:2006, 2.1283.25hardnessability of a dry film to resist indentation or penetration by a solid objectISO 4618:2006, 2.1333.26hazemilky opalescence in high-gloss or clear coatingISO 4618:2006, 2.134 ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 11347:2012ISO 11347:2012(E)3.27hiding po
38、werability of a coating material or a coating to obliterate the colour or the differences in colour of a substrateISO 4618:2006, 2.1353.28high-visibility areasareas of coated surface that have the greatest impact on visual appearance, due to their location with respect to visibility by yacht users a
39、nd external observersEXAMPLE Coated surfaces facing living and entertainment areas of yacht owners and guests, and relevant passageways; stern; hull sides; vertical/slanted sides of superstructure.NOTE Due to the possible differences in yachts shape and size, it is recommended that high-visibility a
40、reas be clearly identified in the yacht supply contract.3.29hullmain body of a yacht which provides flotation3.30low-visibility areasareas of coated surface that have a low impact on visual appearance due to their localization with respect to visibility by yacht users and external observersEXAMPLE V
41、ertical/slanted sides of superstructure; garage; technical spaces; masts.NOTE Due to the possible differences in yachts shape and size, it is recommended that low-visibility areas be clearly identified in the yacht supply contract.3.31orange peelappearance of a film, resembling the texture of the su
42、rface of an orangeISO 4618:2006, 2.1633.32overspraythat part of a sprayed coating material that does not reach the surface to be coatedISO 4618:2006, 2.1663.33paintpigmented or non-pigmented coating material which, when applied to a substrate, forms an opaque film having protective, decorative or sp
43、ecific technical propertiesNOTE Adapted from ISO 4618:2006, 2.167.3.34peelingdetachment of large areas of the coating due to loss of adhesionISO 4618:2006, 2.1703.35pigment colouring materialcolouring material, generally in the form of fine particles, which is practically insoluble in the medium and
44、 which is used because of its optical, protective and/or decorative propertiesNOTE This material can also consist of metal or metallic alloy, shot effects, pearly metallized, or special effects finish colours.4 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 11347:2012ISO 11347:2012(E)3.36pinholingpresence of sm
45、all holes in the film resembling those made by a pinISO 4618:2006, 2.1773.37polishing marksmarks from top coat polishing, resulting in low gloss areas3.38ropinessappearance characterized by pronounced brush marks that have not flowed out because of the poor levelling properties of the coating materi
46、alsISO 4618:2006, 2.1963.39sagslocal irregularities in the film thickness caused by the downward movement of a coating material during drying in a vertical or an inclined positionNOTE Small sags can be called runs, tears or droplets; large sags can be called curtains.ISO 4618:2006, 2.1993.40sanding
47、marksraised or indented lines (curved or straight) visible in the top coat as a result of the sanding process under the top coat3.41substratesurface to which a coating material is applied or is to be appliedISO 4618:2006, 2.2193.42superstructurestructural part of a yacht above the main deck3.43top c
48、oatfinal coat of a coating system3.44water marksspots caused by water drops falling over a wet paint film3.45wavinessparticular range of wavelengths of defects from 30 mm to 300 mm3.46wrinklingdevelopment of ripples in a film of coating material during dryingISO 4618:2006, 2.252 ISO 2012 All rights
49、reserved 5BS ISO 11347:2012ISO 11347:2012(E)4 GeneralThis International Standard specifies methods for evaluating the appearance of the external coating of large yachts.Measurement relies on the following parameters, which, even if measured separately, converge to determine the overall assessment of visual appearance: gloss (ISO 2813), colour difference (ISO 7724-3), orange peel, fairness, sags, dirt retention, overspray, sanding marks, blistering, water
