1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 11378-1:2000 ICS 5
2、9.080.60 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Textile floor coverings Laboratory soiling tests Part 1: Kappasoil testThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authorit
3、y of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 June 2000 BSI 06-2000 ISBN 0 580 34948 9 BS ISO 11378-1:2000 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 11378-1:2000 and implements it as the UK national standard.
4、 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/3, Textile floor coverings, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for chang
5、e, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international public
6、ations referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provi
7、sions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii and
8、 iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Referencenumber ISO11378-1:2000(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11378-1 Firstedition 2000-04-15 TextilefloorcoveringsLaboratory soil
9、ingtests Part1: Kappasoiltest Revtements de sol textiles Essais dencrassement en laboratoire Partie 1: Essai KappasoilISO11378-1:2000(E) ii ISO11378-1:2000(E)iii Foreword ISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISO memberbodies).Theworkofpre
10、paringInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnical committees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhas therighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmental,in liaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.
11、ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnical Commission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization. InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3. DraftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtothememberbodies
12、forvoting. PublicationasanInternationalStandardrequiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote. AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthispartofISO11378maybethesubjectof patentrights.ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights. InternationalStandardI
13、SO11378-1waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC38, Textiles, Subcommittee SC12, Textile floor coverings. ISO11378consistsofthefollowingparts,underthegeneraltitle Textile floor coverings Laboratory soiling tests: Part 1: Kappasoil test Part 2: Drum test AnnexesA,BandCofthispartofISO11378areforinformat
14、iononly.INTERNATIONALSTANDARD ISO11378-1:2000(E)1 TextilefloorcoveringsLaboratorysoilingtests Part1: Kappasoiltest 1 Scope ThispartofISO11378specifiesamethodforassessingthepropensityoftextilefloorcoveringstosoilingusingan artificialsoilcomposition. Thescopeofthistestmethodcanbeextendedtoassesstheeff
15、iciencyofcleaningchemicals,andcleaning equipment(seeannexA). 2 Normativereferences Thefollowingnormativedocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsof thispartofISO11378.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentsto,orrevisionsof,anyofthesepublications donotapply.Howev
16、er,partiestoagreementsbasedonthispartofISO11378areencouragedtoinvestigatethe possibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionsofthenormativedocumentsindicatedbelow.Forundated references,thelatesteditionofthenormativedocumentreferredtoapplies.MembersofISOandIECmaintain registersofcurrentlyvalidInternational
17、Standards. ISO105-A02:1993, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour. ISO105-J01:1997, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part J01: General principles for measurement of surface colour. ISO139:1973, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and test
18、ing. ISO1957: 1) , Machine-made textile floor coverings Selection and cutting specimens for physical tests. ISO9405: 2) , Textile floor coverings Assessment of changes in appearance. 3Principle Carpetspecimensaresubjectedtoanacceleratedsoilingprocess.Thedegreeofsoilingismeasuredby comparingthechange
19、incolourbetweensoiledandoriginalspecimens. 1)Tobepublished.(RevisionofISO1957:1986) 2)Tobepublished.(RevisionofISO/TR9405:1990)ISO11378-1:2000(E) 2 4 Apparatus 4.1 Kappasoilmachine,consistingofthefollowingcomponents. 4.1.1 Circulartable,(600 2)mmindiameter,rotatingataspeedof(0,30,016)s 1 (181)rpmand
20、 reversingdirectionevery250revolutions,towhichthetestspecimensareattached. 4.1.2 Twocones,whichrestradiallyonthetable,onebeingfree-runningandtheotherdriveninthesame directionandwithaconesurfacespeed(51)%higherthanthesurfacespeedofthetable,eachconeassembly beingadjustedtoapplyaloadof(402)N. 4.1.3 Soi
21、ldispenser,placedabovethetable,capableofdispensingsoiluniformlyandintermittentlyfor distributiononthetestspecimensoveraperiodoftimeduringthemachinecycle. NOTE Typically(1,40,01)gofsoilingcompound(4.2)isdispensedevery250revolutionsofthetableanddistributed evenlyforonefullrevolution. 4.2 Standardsoili
22、ngcompound,compatiblewiththeequipment. NOTE ExamplesofsuchsoilingcompoundsarelistedinannexB. 4.3 Suction(vacuum)cleaner,withanairflowof(255)l . s 1 throughthesuction-onlynozzlewithasuction surfaceof(12525)mm (152,5)mm. 4.4 Meansofsecuringfloorcoveringspecimenstothehorizontaltable. NOTE Thiscanbedoub
23、le-sided,pressure-sensitive,adhesivetapeor(aerosol)contactadhesiveoraclampingsystem. 4.5 Colourmeasurementinstrument,witha(500,5)mmaperture,capableofmeasuringthecolouroftextile floor-coveringsandexpressingtheresultsas Eor L(CIELABsystem)inaccordancewithISO105-J01. 4.6 Greyscales,inaccordancewithISO1
24、05-A02. 4.7 Template,tobeusedinconjunctionwiththecolourmeasurementinstrumentandofthesamesizeasthe specimenswithfiveholesofthesamedimensionsasthemeasuringheadofthecolourmeasurementequipment (seeFigure2). 4.8 Straightedgedruler,atleast200mmlong. 4.9 Illuminationdevice,asdescribedinISO9405. 5 Atmospher
25、eforconditioningandtesting ThestandardatmospheresforconditioningandtestingoftextilesshallbeoneofthosespecifiedinISO139. 6 Samplingandpreparationoftestspecimens 6.1 Sampling SelectaminimumoftwotestspecimenspertextilefloorcoveringbeingtestedinaccordancewithISO1957.Cut eachtestspecimeninsuchawaythatint
26、hecaseofthosetextilefloorcoveringswitha“natural”pilelay,the directionofpilelayisatrightanglestothedirectionoftherotationalmotionofthetable.Thespecimensandsoiling compound(4.2)shallbeconditionedforaminimumof24h,andthetestandassessmentcarriedoutinoneofthe standardatmospheres(clause5).ISO11378-1:2000(E
27、)3 6.2 Preparationoftestspecimens Amaximumoftwelvetestspecimens(seeFigure1)fromthesameordifferentsamplesshallbeexposedineach testrun.Cutouttheappropriatenumberoftestspecimensandallowtoconditioninthestandardatmosphere (clause5),flat,singlyanduse-surfaceuppermost,foratleast24h. Ifthereareinsufficients
28、pecimensavailablefortesting,anyvacantspacesonthecirculartableoftheKappasoil machineshallbefilledwithsparefloorcoveringmaterialofsimilarthickness.ISO11378-1:2000(E) 4 Dimensionsinmillimetres Key 1 Cones 2 Carpetspecimens 3 Table 4 Soildispenser Figure1DiagramofKappasoilmachineISO11378-1:2000(E)5 7 Pr
29、ocedure 7.1 Cleanthetestspecimensusingthesuctioncleaner(4.3)toremoveloosesurfacefibreusingatotaloffour strokes,twoagainstandtwowiththedirectionofpilelay.Inthecaseofcutpilecarpet,alignthepileinthedirection ofnaturalpilelaybyusingacleanstraightedgedruler(4.8).Movetheruleronceacrossthecarpetpileinthe d
30、irectionofpilelay,applyingslightpressure. Iftheassessmentismadeusinggreyscales,proceedto7.3. 7.2 Locatethemeasuringtemplate(4.7)onthetestspecimenand,usingthecolourmeasurementinstrument (4.5),measurethecolourofthetestspecimeninfiveplaces.Recordthesevalues. 7.3Attachthetestspecimenssecurelyonthetable(
31、4.1.1),ensuringthattherearenogapsbetweenthetest specimensandthat,whenspecimensofdifferingthicknessaretested,thedifferenceinthicknessofadjacenttest specimensisnotmorethan1mm.Placethesoilingcompoundmixture(4.2)inthesoildispenser. NOTE Whenfillingthesoildispenser,itisessentialthatthetestspecimensbeprot
32、ectedfromaccidentalsoilspillage. 7.4 Startthemachineandcontinueuntil5000revolutionsofthetablehavebeencompleted. Ifthereisabuild-upofloosefibreonthesurfaceofthetestspecimensduringtheearlypartofthetest,stopthe machineandcarefullyremovetheloosefibrebyhand.Restartthemachineandcontinuethetest. 7.5 Remove
33、thetestspecimenscarefullyandcleanthembysuctionwiththesuctioncleaner(4.3)toremove loosedirtandfibre,usingatotaloffourstrokes(twoagainstthedirectionofthepilelay,andtwowith). Inthecaseofcutpilecarpets,ensurethatthelaststrokeofthesuctionnozzleisinthedirectionofthepilelay. Movethecleanstraightedgedruler(
34、4.8)acrossthepileinthedirectionofpilelay,applyingslightpressure. 8 Assessment 8.1 Colourmeasurement Usingthemeasuringtemplateandthecolourmeasurementinstrument(4.5),measurethecolourofthesoiledtest specimensinthesamefiveplacesoneachspecimen(seeFigure2).Calculatethemeancolourdifference( E)or meanlightn
35、essdifference( L)betweenoriginalandsoiledspecimensaccordingtothefollowingformulae: ELLaabb=( )+( )+( ) os 2 os 2 os 2 or L=L o L s where L o ,a o andb o arethemeanCIEcolourco-ordinatesoftheoriginalspecimen; L s ,a s andb s arethemeanCIEcolourco-ordinatesofthesoiledspecimen.ISO11378-1:2000(E) 6 8.2 G
36、reyscales Threeoperatorsshallassessthecolourdifferencebetweenthesoiledandoriginalspecimensinaccordancewith ISO105-A02.Assessmentshallbemadeusingthelargesizegreyscalesandunderthelightingconditions specifiedinISO9405. Key 1 Coulourmeasuringaperture 2 Specimenlocatingpeg Figure2Exampleofsuitabletemplat
37、eforcolourmeasurement(actualsize)ISO11378-1:2000(E)7 9 Accuracyandprecision Accuracyandprecisiondata,obtainedbymeansofinterlaboratorytrials,aregiveninannexC. 10Testreport Thetestreportshallincludethefollowinginformation: a)allinformationnecessaryforcompleteidentificationofthesample; b)referencetothi
38、spartofISO11378,i.e.ISO11378-1; c)dateoftest; d)conditioningandtestatmosphereused; e)detailsofthesoilingcompoundused; f) whetherassessmentwasbycolourmeasurementinstrumentorbygreyscalesassessment; g)thetestresults; h)anydeviationtothispartofISO11378whichcouldhaveaffectedtheresult.ISO11378-1:2000(E) 8
39、 AnnexA (informative) Assessmentoftheefficiencyofcleaningchemicalsandcleaningequipment A.1General Thescopeofthislaboratorysoilingtestcanbeextendedbyeithercleaningthesoiledspecimen(s)withdifferent chemicalsorbyusingdifferentcleaningmachines.Colourmeasurementorgreyscaleassessmentscanthenbe usedtoquant
40、ifytherelativeefficienciesofthecleaningproductsorprocessesbeingevaluated. A.2Assessmentoffurtherproperties A.2.1 Thenumberofspecimenspersampleshouldbeincreasedordecreasedaccordingtothenumberof chemicalsand/ormachinestobeassessed. A.2.2 CarryouteachtestinaccordancewiththeproceduregiveninthispartofISO
41、13178,uptoandincluding theassessmentprocedure(clause7). A.2.3 CleanthespecimensinaccordancewiththemethodspecifiedinISO11379.Toassesscleaningchemical performance,usethesameextractioncleaningmachineforeachchemical,andtoassesscleaningmachinesusea standardcleaningchemical. A.2.4 Theefficiencyofthecleani
42、ngisdeterminedbycomparisonofthecleanedspecimen(s)withtheoriginal, unsoiled,specimen(s)orwiththesoiledspecimen(s),i.e.howwellthecleaningprocesshasrestoredtheoriginal appearance,orhowmuchsoilthecleaningprocesshasremoved,usingoneoftheassessmentmethodsgivenin clause8ofthispartofISO11378.ISO11378-1:2000(
43、E)9 AnnexB (informative) Standardartificialsoilingcompounds Anumberofartificialsoilingcompounds,whichcanbeusedforlaboratorysoilingtests,havebeenavailablefor manyyears.ThecompositionofthesecompoundsandtheircommercialsuppliersaregiveninTableA.1.The quantityofsoilusedwilldependonthecompositionofthesoil
44、andthetextilefloorcoveringcharacteristics evaluated. TableB.1Standardsoilingcompounds Ref. Composition %bymass Supplier a B.1 Finegrainedsand(u500 ) 83 CleaningResearchInternational Kaolin 7,3 49,Boroughgate Calciumcarbonate 1,95 OtleyLS211AG Calciumsulfate 1,95 UK Slurriedchalk 1,95 Ref: ISO Artifi
45、cial Soil Peat 1,57 Portlandcement 0,74 Activatedcharcoal 0,57 Bayferroxyellow391 0,37 Mineraloil(Nujol014) 0,26 Bayferroxbrown686 0,23 Ferricoxide 0,11 Soot(carbonblack) 0,11 Mixedmetaloxides 0,01 B.2 Peatdust 37,8 WFKKrefeld Portlandcement 17,45 Postfach130762 Kaolin 17,7 D-47759Krefeld Quartz 17,
46、70 Germany Mineraloil(Nujol014) 6,20 Ref: Teppichschmutz Dust 1,05 Ironoxide 0,6 Yellowpigment(Bayferroxyellow930) 1,5 B.3 Peatmoss 38,4 ProtectiveChemicalProductsDiv. Cement(vitreousorPortland) 18 3MCenter,Building301-1E-03 Kaolin 18 St.Paul Siliceousearth 18 MN55144-1000 Mineraloil(Nujol014) 6,25
47、USA Carbon(lamp)black 1,05 Ref: 3 M Carpet Soil Ironoxide 0,3 B.4 Quartzsilica 88,3 CTTN Kaolin 9,35 Av.Guy-de-Collongue Yellowferrousoxide 0,2 BP41 Blackferrousoxide 0,6 69131cullyCedex Paraffinoil 1,55 France Ref: CEN Standard Soil a Thesetradenamesareexamplesofasuitablesupplierswhoseproductsareav
48、ailablecommercially.Thisinformationis givenfortheconvenienceofusersofthispartofISO11378anddoesnotconstituteanendorsementbyISOofthese suppliers.ISO11378-1:2000(E) 10 AnnexC (informative) Accuracyandprecision C.1General AccuracyandprecisionaredefinedinISO5725-1asfollows. accuracy theclosenessofagreeme
49、ntbetweenatestresultandtheacceptedreferencevalue NOTE1 Thetermaccuracy,whenappliedtoasetoftestresults,involvesacombinationofrandomcomponentsanda commonsystematicerrororbiascomponent. precision theclosenessofagreementbetweenindependenttestresultsobtainedunderstipulatedconditions NOTE2 Precisiondependsonlyonthedistributionofrandomerrorsanddoesnotrelatetothetruevalueorthespecified value. Thelevelofprecisionofatestmethodisdefinedbytwoindicators,therepeatabilityandthereproducibility. Repeatability is expressed as the sta
