1、BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 11886:2002Building construction machinery and equipment Pile driving and extracting equipment Terminology and commercial specificationsICS 01.040.91g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g
2、40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 BS ISO 11886:2002This British Standard, havingbeen prepared under the direction of the Building and Civil Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the
3、Standards Policy and S t r a t e g y C o m m i t t e e o n 3 September 2002ISBN 0 580 40322 XNational forewordThe UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant, and site safety, which has the responsibility to: A list of organization
4、s represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by
5、 using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunit
6、y from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in
7、 the UK.Summary of pagesModification of 4.2.1.1, 4.2.2.1, 4.2.2.2 and 4.2.3Corrigendum No. 116459This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 30, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright date displayed in thi
8、s document indicates when the document was last issued.30 June 2006Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsThis British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 11886:2002, including Technical Corrigendum April 2006 and implements it as the UK national standard. BSI 2006 Reference numberISO
9、 11886:2002(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO11886First edition2002-08-01Building construction machinery and equipment Pile driving and extracting equipment Terminology and commercial specifications Machines et matriels pour la construction des btiments Matriel de battage et dextraction Terminologie et s
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15、:68811 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction. v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Commercial specifications. 6 4.1 General characteristics of piling equipment 6 4.2 Main characteristics of pile installation and extraction equip
16、ment. 9 Annex A (informative) Examples of pile driving and extracting equipment and assemblies . 15 BS ISO 11886:2002iiiIS:68811 O2002(E) vi I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO mem
17、ber bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmen
18、tal and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Direc
19、tives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodi
20、es casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 11886 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 195, Building c
21、onstruction machinery and equipment. Annex A of this International Standard is for information olnly. BS ISO 11886:2002ivIS:68811 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr vIntroduction This International Standard has been developed in order to unify terms, definitions and commercial specifications ref
22、erring to machines and equipment for pile driving or extracting. It is intended for use by designers, producers, dealers and users of pile driving/extracting machines. It can also be of use in discussions on further standardization activities. BS ISO 11886:2002vINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:68811 O2002(
23、E)I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Building construction machinery and equipment Pile driving and extracting equipment Terminology and commercial specifications 1 Scope This International Standard specifies terms and definitions of the main types of mechanical equipment for pile driving/extracting, su
24、ch as pile arrangements on the construction site, pulling, installation of piles at the point of driving, driving and extraction of piles, pile head crushing, etc. Machines for non-mechanical processing, such as the injection of small piles with supporting fluids, are not dealt with in this Internat
25、ional Standard. NOTE Annex A shows examples of pile driving and extracting equipment. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments t
26、o, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of
27、 the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 11375:1998, Building construction machinery and equipment Terms and definitions ISO/TR 12603, Building construction machinery and equipment Classification EN 996, Pi
28、ling equipment Safety requirements 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11375 and the following apply. 3.1 piling equipment complete assembly of machines and components designed for installation or extraction piles or other l
29、ongitudinal elements 3.2 base carrier carrier machine machine that provides mobility for and supports the mass of the piling equipment, together with the pile NOTE The carrier machine may also accommodate the necessary power source and controls of the piling equipment. It may be an adapted lift cran
30、e or earth-moving machine or other machine specifically designed or adapted for this purpose. There are crawler, wheel, rail-mounted and floating carriers. The carrier includes necessary mountings to connect the leader or other guiding system. BS ISO 11886:20021IS:68811 O2002(E) 2 I SO 2002 All irth
31、gs ersedevr 3.3 crawler-mounted carrier machine whose mobility is achieved by mounting it on a tracked undercarriage See Figures A.1, A.2 and A.3. 3.4 wheel-mounted carrier machine whose mobility is achieved by mounting it on a wheel undercarriage See Figures A.4 and A.5. 3.5 rail-mounted carrier ma
32、chine whose wheeled undercarriage runs on rails See Figure A.6. 3.6 floating carrier machine that is fixed to or can move on a floating pontoon See Figure A.7. 3.7 leader guiding system structure for mounting of the pile installation and extracting equipment NOTE The leader or other guiding system e
33、nables the pile installation and extracting equipment to be accurately guided and aligned with the pile. It allows full freedom of axial movement of pile installation and extracting equipment. Additionally it may provide guidance to the pile. The leader or guiding system may be attached to the carri
34、er machine in number of ways for its mobility. Different designs of the leaders and guiding systems can be identified (e.g. direct-mounted, boom-supported, swinging, guide cage or free-riding). 3.8 direct-mounted leader structure directly coupled to the carrier machine NOTE The major weight of the l
35、eader, pile, etc., is taken by the leader attachment (see 3.13) near the bottom of the leader. 3.9 boom-supported leader structure connected to the boom head of the carrier machine NOTE 1 The leader may extend above the boom head of the carrier machine. The major weight of the leader, pile, etc., is
36、 taken by the leader attachment at its fixing with the boom head. NOTE 2 A further steadying connection is made by another part of the leader attachment at the lower leader structure. 3.10 swinging leader structure suspended from the carrier machine boom head 3.11 guide cage structure that provides
37、guidance to the pile installation or extraction equipment and allows some limited axial movement of it during piling operations BS ISO 11886:20022IS:68811 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 33.12 free-riding attachment part fixed within the structure of the pile installation or extracting equipm
38、ent NOTE The free-riding attachment comprises such parts as pile sleeves, legs, inserts and clamping devices (see 3.34). 3.13 leader attachment connection between the carrier machine and leader NOTE Different connections can be used (e.g. universal joints, sliding or telescopic elements). 3.14 pilin
39、g rig carrier machine complete with leader attachment and leader, but without the pile installation and other equipment 3.15 pile installation and extraction equipment machine designed to cause pile movement relative to the surrounding soil NOTE 1 The movement is downwards for installation and upwar
40、ds for extracting types of equipment. NOTE 2 The machines for pile installation and extraction can be divided into three main groups: impacting, vibration and static types. 3.16 impact equipment machine that produces the striking energy by raising the striking mass and dropping it on the pile with t
41、he aim of energy transfer in a relatively short time 3.17 impact hammer machine that drives piles into the soil and operates according to the impact equipment (3.16) operation principle NOTE The striking mass may impact on the pile directly or indirectly. In the case of indirect impact on the pile,
42、there are interference assemblies between the striking mass and the pile, which may comprise an anvil together with any form of pile cap assembly (see 3.30 and 3.31). Depending on the power source, the following types of impact hammers can be identified: winch operated, steam/air operated, diesel or
43、 hydraulically powered and the others. 3.18 winch-operated impact hammer machine in which the striking mass is raised by a wire rope on a winch or similar means See Figure A.8. 3.19 steam/air-operated impact hammer machine in which the striking mass is raised by air or steam pressure See Figure A.9.
44、 3.20 diesel-powered impact hammer machine in which the striking mass is raised by the expansion of gases resulting from the combustion of fuel and air See Figure A.10. NOTE Normally this is a fuel diesel engine, but kerosene, methanol or other fluids may also be used. BS ISO 11886:20023IS:68811 O20
45、02(E) 4 I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 3.21 hydraulically powered impact hammer machine in which the striking mass is raised by hydraulic pressure See Figure A.11. 3.22 impact extractor machine that withdraws piles from the soil and operates according to the impact equipment operation principle, usin
46、g the upwards kinetic energy of a rising mass See Figure A.15. NOTE The striking energy of an extractor is derived from the upwards kinetic energy of a rising mass being transferred to the head of a pile by means of a linkage, wire rope connection or other mechanical means. Depending on the power so
47、urce and operation method, the following type of impact extractors can be identified: hydraulic, pneumatic, steam/air, electric and using expansion of gases resulting from the combustion of fuel and air. 3.23 impact extractor/hammer machine that combines the functions of driving and extracting piles
48、 and operates according to the impact equipment operation principle NOTE Common designs of the impact hammer/extractor machines are powered and operated hydraulically and electrically. 3.24 vibrator for piling equipment machine that generates unidirectional vibrations and is used to install or extra
49、ct piles See Figures A.12 to A.14. NOTE In most instances the vibrations are vertical. Vibration can be produced by eccentric masses or other means, while a device, placed above the vibratory body dampens the vibrations for the protection of the supporting carrier. The element to be installed into or extracted from the ground is rigidly held under the vibratory gearbox by mean of one or several clamps. However, for units designed for annular grip, the clamping device can be located on the side(s) of the vibrator
