1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 12021:2010Road vehicles Sensitivity tolateral wind Open-loop testmethod using wind generatorinputBS ISO 12021:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard i
2、s the UK implementation of ISO 12021:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AUE/15, Safety related to vehicles.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all t
3、he necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 67588 1ICS 43.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy
4、Committee on 31 December 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 12021:2010Reference numberISO 12021:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO12021First edition2010-12-01Road vehicles Sensitivity to lateral wind Open-loop test method using wind generator input Vhicules routi
5、ers Sensibilit au vent latral Mthode en boucle ouverte avec gnration de vent BS ISO 12021:2010ISO 12021:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces whi
6、ch are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems In
7、corporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event
8、that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2010 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechan
9、ical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.
10、org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 12021:2010ISO 12021:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Principle .1 5 Reference system2 6 Variables.2 7 Measuring equipment .
11、2 7.1 Description.2 7.2 Transducer installation.3 7.3 Data processing.3 8 Test conditions 3 8.1 General .3 8.2 Test track4 8.3 Weather conditions .4 8.4 Test vehicle 4 8.5 Vehicle loading conditions.4 9 Wind generators 5 10 Test procedure.5 10.1 Warm-up .5 10.2 Test speed5 10.3 Steering 5 10.4 Numbe
12、r of test runs 5 10.5 Measuring points of lateral position using the dye-trail method .5 10.6 Data excluded from the computation method6 11 Data analysis6 11.1 General .6 11.2 Yaw velocity and lateral acceleration7 11.3 Lateral deviation8 12 Data presentation 8 Annex A (informative) Test report Gene
13、ral data .9 Annex B (normative) Test report Presentation of results12 Bibliography14 BS ISO 12021:2010ISO 12021:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The wor
14、k of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governme
15、ntal, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The m
16、ain task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. A
17、ttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 12021 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 9, Vehicle dyn
18、amics and road-holding ability. This first edition of ISO 12021 cancels and replaces ISO 12021-1:1996, which has been technically revised. BS ISO 12021:2010ISO 12021:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction The main purpose of this International Standard is to provide repeatable and discri
19、minatory test results. The dynamic behaviour of a road vehicle is a very important aspect of active vehicle safety. Any given vehicle, together with its driver and the prevailing environment, constitutes a closed-loop system that is unique. The task of evaluating the dynamic behaviour is therefore v
20、ery difficult since the significant interaction of these driver-vehicle-environment elements are each complex in themselves. A complete and accurate description of the behaviour of the road vehicle must necessarily involve information obtained from a number of different tests. Since this test method
21、 quantifies only one small part of the complete vehicle handling characteristics, the results of these tests can only be considered significant for a correspondingly small part of the overall dynamic behaviour. Moreover, insufficient knowledge is available concerning the relationship between overall
22、 vehicle dynamic properties and accident avoidance. A substantial amount of work is necessary to acquire sufficient and reliable data on the correlation between accident avoidance and vehicle dynamic properties in general and the results of these tests in particular. Consequently, any application of
23、 this test method for regulation purposes will require proven correlation between test results and accident statistics. BS ISO 12021:2010BS ISO 12021:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12021:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Road vehicles Sensitivity to lateral wind Open-loop test method using wind
24、generator input 1 Scope This International Standard specifies an open-loop test method to determine the sensitivity to lateral wind of a vehicle by means of a wind generator. It applies to passenger cars as defined in ISO 3833, passenger car-trailer combinations and light trucks. Its applicability t
25、o motorcycles is yet to be investigated. The test conditions specified in this test method are not representative of real driving conditions but are useful to obtain measures of vehicle dynamic response to lateral wind. NOTE The test conditions in this test method do not simulate natural wind condit
26、ions. However, the wind velocity proposed here is representative of fairly severe wind conditions occurring naturally. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated r
27、eferences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1176:1990, Road vehicles Masses Vocabulary and codes ISO 8855, Road vehicles Vehicle dynamics and road-holding ability Vocabulary ISO 15037-1:2006, Road vehicles Vehicle dynamics test methods Part 1: Gen
28、eral conditions for passenger cars 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8855 apply. 4 Principle The purpose of this test method is to determine vehicle sensitivity to lateral wind by which the vehicle motion is disturbed. This method requi
29、res the measurement of vehicle behaviour under a lateral wind condition. The vehicle behaviour can be characterized by several measures. In this test method the vehicle is initially driven along a straight path and its response to a crosswind input of a wind generator is then measured. The steering-
30、wheel is held fixed during most of the test. Two methods for finding the lateral deviation are proposed: a direct method by means of direct measurement or with a dye-trail left on the road surface, and an indirect method by means of a computation from on-board-measured vehicle motions. BS ISO 12021:
31、2010ISO 12021:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved5 Reference system The reference system specified in ISO 15037-1 shall apply. 6 Variables The following variables corresponding to the terms and definitions of ISO 8855 shall be measured: a) yaw velocity, b) lateral acceleration, aY; c) steering-wh
32、eel angle, H; d) longitudinal velocity, vX. Measuring the following additional variables is optional: lateral deviation, ; roll angle, ; sideslip angle, ; lateral velocity, vY. The variables listed in this clause are not intended to comprise a complete list. 7 Measuring equipment 7.1 Description The
33、 variables selected from the list in Clause 6 shall be measured by means of appropriate transducers. Their time histories shall be recorded on a multi-channel recorder having a time base. This is not obligatory for lateral deviation, which can be measured directly after the test has been completed.
34、The typical operating ranges of the variables and recommended maximum errors of the combined transducers and the recording system are shown in Table 1. BS ISO 12021:2010ISO 12021:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 3Table 1 Typical operating ranges of the variables and recommended maximum errors of
35、 transducers and recording system Variable Range of variable Recommended maximum error of the combined transducers and recording system Yaw velocity 10/s to +10/s 0,1/s Lateral acceleration 5 m/s2to +5 m/s20,05 m/s2Steering-wheel angle 30 to +30a1, but resolution 0,3 Longitudinal velocity 0 m/s to 4
36、0 m/s 0,4 m/s Lateral deviation 5 m 0,02 m Roll angle 10 to +10 0,1 Sideslip angle 5 to +5 0,2 Lateral velocity 10 m/s to +10 m/s 0,2 m/s NOTE Transducers for some of the listed variables are not widely available and are not in general use. Many such instruments are developed by users. If any system
37、 error exceeds the recommended maximum value, this and the actual maximum error shall be stated in the test report (see Annex A). aAssuming a conventional steering system. 7.2 Transducer installation 7.2.1 General Subclause 4.2 of ISO 15037-1:2006 shall apply. 7.2.2 Lateral deviation The lateral dev
38、iation may be measured either by direct measurement using appropriate instrumentation or by means of a dye-trail, or by means of a computational method (see 11.3.3). The dye-trail shall be made on the test track by means of a water jet. The water outlet should be 0,02 m above the track surface. An e
39、lastic tube may be used to extend this outlet. The water jet should be positioned as close as possible to the z-axis of the intermediate axis system. If this is not the case, a correction can be applied to achieve values within the tolerance for lateral acceleration. 7.3 Data processing The recordin
40、g system and data processing requirements contained in 4.3 of ISO 15037-1:2006 shall apply. 8 Test conditions 8.1 General The test conditions specified in 5.1 of ISO 15037-1:2006 and the conditions of 8.2 and 8.3 in this International Standard shall apply. Any deviations shall be specified in the te
41、st report (see Annex A), including individual diagrams for the presentation of results (see Annex B). BS ISO 12021:2010ISO 12021:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reserved8.2 Test track All tests shall be carried out on a uniform hard road surface which is free of contaminants. The gradient, as measured
42、 over the full width of the track in the lateral direction and over a distance of at least 50 m in the longitudinal direction, shall be 2,5 %. It is recommended that the track have either a smooth surface (asphalt or concrete) or a high-friction surface. The test surface shall be at least 5 m wide,
43、from at least 100 m before to 100 m after the wind zone. The width of the track after the wind zone shall be at least 7 m. Increased run-off area should be provided in addition to the specified test surface. 8.3 Weather conditions During the time frame of the experiment, ambient wind velocity should
44、 be as low as possible, and shall not exceed 3 m/s regardless of the wind direction. The standard test condition of a dry road surface should be used. However, a wet road with no measurable water depth may be used. Weather conditions shall be recorded in the test report (see Annex A). 8.4 Test vehic
45、le The provisions of 5.4 of ISO 15037-1:2006 shall apply. 8.5 Vehicle loading conditions 8.5.1 General Tests shall be carried out at the minimum loading condition and at the maximum loading condition defined below. Tests may be carried out at other loading conditions of interest. The maximum authori
46、zed total mass (Code: ISO-M08) and the maximum authorized axle load (Code: ISO-M13), both defined by ISO 1176:1990, 4.8 and 4.13, shall not be exceeded. Care shall be taken to generate the minimum deviation in the location of the centre of gravity and in the values of the moments of inertia as compa
47、red to the loading conditions of the vehicle in normal use. The resulting wheel loads shall be determined and recorded in the test report (see Annex A). 8.5.2 Minimum loading condition For the minimum loading condition, the total vehicle mass shall consist of the complete vehicle kerb mass (Code: IS
48、O-M06) plus the masses of the driver and the instrumentation. The complete vehicle kerb mass is defined by ISO 1176:1990, 4.6. The mass of the driver and the instrumentation should not exceed 150 kg. 8.5.3 Maximum loading condition For the maximum loading condition, the total mass shall be equal to
49、the maximum authorized total mass (Code: ISO-M08). BS ISO 12021:2010ISO 12021:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 59 Wind generators Lateral wind shall be generated by wind generators which produce an average wind velocity of 20 m/s 3 m/s (for an ambient wind condition of 1 m/s). The average shall be calculated over the length of the wind zone on the datum course line (see Figure 1) and over the height of the test vehicle. As a further specification of the wind
