1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 12219-4:2013Interior air of road vehiclesPart 4: Method for the determination of theemissions of volatile organic compoundsfrom vehicle interior parts and materials Small
2、chamber methodBS ISO 12219-4:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 12219-4:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/2/5, Emissions to internal environments.A list of organizations represented on this com
3、mittee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 72826 6ICS 13.040.2
4、0; 43.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 12219-4:2013 ISO 2013Interior ai
5、r of road vehicles Part 4: Method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials Small chamber methodAir intrieur des vhicules routiers Partie 4: Mthode pour la dtermination des missions de composs organiques volatils des parties et des
6、 matriaux intrieurs des vhicules Mthode de la petite chambreINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO12219-4First edition2013-04-15Reference numberISO 12219-4:2013(E)BS ISO 12219-4:2013ISO 12219-4:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specif
7、ied, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO
8、s member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 12219-4:2013ISO 12219-4:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivI
9、ntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Symbols 45 Principle 56 Emission test bed preparation . 56.1 Components . 56.2 Small chamber . 56.3 Small chamber temperature control 66.4 Air humidification 66.5 Clean air supply 77 Quality control 77.1 General . 77.2 Airt
10、ightness 77.3 Recovery and sink effects. 87.4 Supply air . 98 Component or automotive interior product .108.1 General 108.2 History of the component or automotive interior product .108.3 Packaging, transport and storage of the component or automotive interior product .109 Standard emission test proc
11、edure 109.1 General 109.2 Cleaning and purification 119.3 Test . 1110 Calculation of emission rate 1311 Test report 1312 Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) .14Bibliography .16BS ISO 12219-4:2013ISO 12219-4:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
12、federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that c
13、ommittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accor
14、dance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard require
15、s approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 12219-4 was prepared by Technical
16、Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles.ISO 12219 consists of the following parts, under the general title Interior air of road vehicles: Part 1: Whole vehicle test chamber Specification and method for the d
17、etermination of volatile organic compounds in cabin interiors Part 2: Screening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials Bag method Part 3: Screening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compoun
18、ds from vehicle interior parts and materials Micro-scale chamber method Part 4: Method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials Small chamber method Part 5: Screening method for the determination of the emissions of volatile organ
19、ic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials Static chamber methodThe following parts are under preparation: Part 6: Method for the determination of the emissions of semi-volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials Small chamber method Part 7: Odour determination i
20、n interior air of road vehicles and test chamber air of trim components by olfactory measurementsiv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 12219-4:2013ISO 12219-4:2013(E)IntroductionVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are widely used in industry and can be emitted by many everyday products and materials.
21、They have attracted attention in recent years because of their impact on indoor air quality. After homes and workplaces, people spend a lot of time in their vehicles. It is important to determine the material emissions of interior parts and to reduce them to an acceptable level, if required. Therefo
22、re, it is necessary to obtain comprehensive and reliable information about the types of organic compounds in the interior air of vehicles and also their concentrations.Monitoring emissions from vehicle trim components can be performed in several ways and the approach selected depends upon the desire
23、d outcome and the material type. For example, to obtain emissions data from complete assemblies (e.g. a dashboard or seat) it is necessary to employ emissions chambers or bags that have sufficient volume to house the complete assembly (typically 4 m3). Such tests may take several hours or even days
24、to perform, depending on specified equilibration times and the requirements of the relevant test protocol.This part of ISO 12219 outlines a method of measuring the types and levels of VOCs in vehicle trim components under controlled conditions using a small emission test chamber (small chamber). It
25、describes requirements for a small chamber and a test protocol. Measurements are carried out according to ISO 16000-6 (VOCs) and ISO 16000-3 (carbonyl compounds).The capacity of a small chamber is not limited to small assemblies or representative samples of homogeneous car trim materials. Small cham
26、bers allow qualitative and quantitative VOC emission data to be measured and recorded. The subsequent VOC emission data can be used to develop a correlation between material level methods and the vehicle level method.This part of ISO 12219 is based on VDA 2762and ASTM D5116,1and correlates to ISO 16
27、000-9.4ISO 16000-3, ISO 16000-5,3ISO 16000-6, ISO 16000-9,4ISO 16000-10,5ISO 16000-11,6ISO 16000-24,7ISO 16000-25,8as well as ISO 16017-19and ISO 16017-210also focus on VOC measurements. ISO 2013 All rights reserved vBS ISO 12219-4:2013BS ISO 12219-4:2013Interior air of road vehicles Part 4: Method
28、for the determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials Small chamber methodWARNING It is the responsibility of the user of this part of ISO 12219 to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulat
29、ory limitations prior to use. National regulations for precautions shall be followed.1 ScopeThis part of ISO 12219 specifies a qualitative and quantitative analytical method for vapour-phase organic compounds (volatile and some semi-volatile) released from car trim materials under simulated real use
30、 conditions using small emission test chambers (small chamber). Small chambers are intended to provide a transfer function to vehicle level emissions. This method is intended for evaluating new car interior trim components but can, in principle, be applied to used car components.Target compounds inc
31、lude VOCs (conventionally defined as organic compounds in the volatility range n-hexane to n-hexadecane) and volatile carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde. The specified analytical procedure for VOCs is ISO 16000-6 and for formaldehyde and some other light carbonyl compounds is ISO 16000-3.NOTE C
32、ompounds more volatile than n-hexane and less volatile than n-hexadecane can also be analysed (see ISO 16000-6:2011, Annex D, and ISO 16017-18for more information).This part of ISO 12219 is complementary to ASTM D51161and VDA 276,2and provides third party test laboratories and manufacturing industry
33、 with an approach for:a) identifying the effect of real use conditions on specific VOC emissions data;b) comparing emissions from various assemblies with regards to specific VOC emissions;c) evaluating and sorting specific assemblies regarding specific VOC emissions data;d) providing specific VOC em
34、issions data to develop and verify a correlation between material level methods and the vehicle level method;e) evaluating prototype, “low-emission” assemblies during development.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For date
35、d references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3833, Road vehicles Types Terms and definitionsISO 16000-3:2011, Indoor air Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in
36、 indoor air and test chamber air Active sampling methodISO 16000-6:2011, Indoor air Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS or MS-FIDINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12219-
37、4:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 12219-4:2013ISO 12219-4:2013(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 3833 and the following apply.3.1air change ratevolume ratio of clean air brought into the small chamber per hour and the free
38、 small chamber volume measured in identical unitsSOURCE: ISO 16000-9:2006,4definition 3.1, modified3.2air circulationideal mixing of the small chamber3.3air flow rateair volume entering into the small chamber per timeSOURCE: ISO 16000-9:2006,4 definition 3.2, modified3.4air samplerepresentative quan
39、titatively preset volume of the atmosphere in the small chamber3.5air speedmedium air speed over the surface of the test specimen3.6background concentrationconcentration of a specific volatile organic compound, VOCX, (or group of volatile organic compounds) measured in the small chamber outlet3.7cle
40、an air supplypressurized purified air or synthetic air in gas cylinders3.8small chamberenclosure with controlled operational parameters for the destination of volatile organic compounds emitted from products3.9small chamber concentrationconcentration of a specific volatile organic compound, VOCX, (o
41、r group of volatile organic compounds) measured in the small chamber outlet3.10emissionorganic substances that escape from the component under the existing test conditions3.11ideal air mixingsubstance diffusing in an ideally mixed chamber, without time delay, completely and homogeneously throughout
42、the whole chamber3.12supply airsum of all gaseous volume flows conducted into the small chamberNote 1 to entry: The supply air is expressed as a volume flow per time.2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 12219-4:2013ISO 12219-4:2013(E)3.13product loading factorratio of exposed surface area (or mass o
43、r volume) of the test specimen and the free small chamber volume3.14recovery ratemeasured mass of a target volatile organic compound in the air leaving the small chamber during a given time period divided by the mass of target volatile organic compound added to the small chamber in the same time per
44、iodNote 1 to entry: The recovery provides information about the performance of the entire method.Note 2 to entry: The recovery rate is expressed in per cent.3.15samplepart of piece of a product that is representative of the productionSOURCE: ISO 16000-9:2006,4definition 3.103.16specific emission rat
45、eqXproduct-specific rate describing the mass of a volatile organic compound emitted from a product per time at a given time from the start of the testNote 1 to entry: Area-specific emission rate, qA, is used in this part of ISO 12219. Several other specific emission rates can be defined according to
46、 different requirements, e.g. length-specific emission rate, ql, volume-specific emission rate, qV, and unit-specific emission rate, qu.Note 2 to entry: The term “area-specific emission rate” is sometimes used in parallel with the term “emission factor”.SOURCE: ISO 16000-9:2006,4definition 3.11, mod
47、ifiedNote 3 to entry: The specific emission rate is expressed in units of mass per time.3.17surface of the componentsurface of the automotive interior productsurface that is formed by the outline of the component or automotive interior product and penetrable by organic substances3.18target volatile
48、organic compoundproduct-specific volatile organic compound3.19test specimenpart of the sample specifically prepared for emission testing in the small chamber in order to simulate the emission behaviour of the material or product that is testedSOURCE: ISO 16000-9:2006,4definition 3.13, modified ISO 2
49、013 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 12219-4:2013ISO 12219-4:2013(E)3.20total volatile organic compoundsTVOCssum of volatile organic compounds, sampled on Tenax TA,1)which elute between and including n-hexane and n-hexadecane on a non-polar capillary column, detected with a flame ionization detector (TVOC-FID) or mass spectrometric detector (TVOC-MS), and quantified by converting the total area of the chromatogram in that analytical window to a nominal mass using the chromatogr
