1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 13473-2:2002 Characterization of pavement texture by use of surface profiles Part 2: Terminology and basic requirements related to pavement texture profile analysis ICS 01.040.93; 17.140.30; 93.080.20 BS ISO 13473-2:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the d
2、irection of the Health and Environment Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 6 November 2002 BSI 6 November 2002 ISBN 0 580 40674 1 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 13473-2:2002 and imp
3、lements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/1, Acoustics, to Subcommittee EH/1/2, Transport noise, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its s
4、ecretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or o
5、f British Standards Online This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; p
6、resent to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover,
7、an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 13473-2:2002(E)INTERN
8、ATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13473-2 First edition 2002-09-15 Characterization of pavement texture by use of surface profiles Part 2: Terminology and basic requirements related to pavement texture profile analysis Caractrisation de la texture dun revtement de chausse partir de relevs de profils de la surfac
9、e Partie 2: Terminologie et exigences de base relatives lanalyse de profils de texture dune surface de chausse BSISO134732:2002 ii BSISO134732:2002 iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction. v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative reference 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 3.1 General terms 1 3.2 Ranges of texture 3 3.
10、3 Macrotexture depth measures . 4 3.4 Macrotexture measurement methods . 7 3.5 Terms related to spatial variation of texture 7 3.6 Terms related to profilometer performance . 9 3.7 Terms and parameters related to amplitude distribution . 11 3.8 Terms and parameters related to spectrum analysis of te
11、xture profiles 14 3.9 Terms and parameters related to texture profile level 14 4 Basic requirements on calculation and presentation of texture spectrum. 15 4.1 General. 15 4.2 Presentation of texture spectrum 15 4.3 Spectral bandwidth. 15 4.4 Centre frequencies of spectral bands. 16 Bibliography 17
12、BSISO134732:2002iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a su
13、bject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (
14、IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical commi
15、ttees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 13473 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO sh
16、all not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13473-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise. ISO 13473 consists of the following parts, under the general title Characterization of pavement texture by use of surface profile
17、s: Part 1: Determination of Mean Profile Depth Part 2: Terminology and basic requirements related to pavement texture profile analysis Part 3: Specification and classification of profilometers BSISO134732:2002 vIntroduction The terminology related to surface texture analysis by profiling techniques
18、used in International Standards for applications other than pavements is often not appropriate for pavement analysis. Although many basic measurement and analysis procedures in these other applications are similar to those used in pavement analysis, the terminology has by tradition developed very di
19、fferently. It is therefore necessary to issue this terminology standard for pavement applications, although attempts have been made to be consistent with the other terminology standards where suitable. BSISO134732:2002 1Characterization of pavement texture by use of surface profiles Part 2: Terminol
20、ogy and basic requirements related to pavement texture profile analysis 1 Scope This part of ISO 13473 defines terms, expressions and parameters that are related to the analysis of pavement texture, on roads as well as on airport runways and taxiways. In particular, it defines terms and expressions
21、related to profile representations of texture, which are anticipated to be useful in the modelling of pavement characteristics such as tyre/road noise emission, tyre/road friction, tyre rolling resistance and tyre wear. In addition, some brief general information on pavement surface characteristics
22、and their effects is presented. This part of ISO 13473 also contains some basic requirements in connection with the use of the terms, expressions and parameters. Profile analysis of machined surfaces is not included, since this subject is dealt with in other International Standards, for example ISO
23、3274, ISO 4287, ISO 4288, ISO 5436-1 and ISO 12085. Profile analysis of road unevenness, which is dealt with in ISO 8608, is also excluded. 2 Normative reference The following normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 1347
24、3. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 13473 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the normative document indicated below. For
25、undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 61260, Electroacoustics Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of ISO 13473
26、 (all parts), the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 General terms 3.1.1 pavement texture texture deviation of a pavement surface from a true planar surface, with a texture wavelength less than 0,5 m NOTE It is divided into micro-, macro- and megatexture according to 3.2. BSISO134732:20022 3
27、.1.2 surface profile texture profile two-dimensional sample of the pavement texture generated if a sensor, such as the tip of a needle or a laser spot, continuously touches or shines on the pavement surface while it is moved along a line on the surface NOTE The profile of the surface is described by
28、 two coordinates: one along the surface plane, called “distance” (the abscissa), and the other in a direction normal to the surface plane, called “amplitude” (the ordinate); refer to the example illustrated in Figure 1. The distance may be in a longitudinal or lateral (transverse) direction in relat
29、ion to the travel direction on a pavement, or any direction between these. 3.1.3 texture wavelength quantity describing the horizontal dimension of the irregularities of a texture profile NOTE 1 Texture wavelength is normally expressed in metres (m) or millimetres (mm). NOTE 2 Wavelength is a concep
30、t commonly used and accepted in electrotechnical and signal-processing vocabularies. The profile may be considered as a stationary, random function of the distance along the surface. By means of a Fourier analysis, such a function can be mathematically represented as an infinite series of sinusoidal
31、 components of various frequencies (and wavelengths), each having a given amplitude and initial phase. For typical and continuous surface profiles, a profile analysed by its Fourier components contains a continuous distribution of wavelengths. The texture wavelength in ISO 13473 is the inverse of th
32、e spatial frequency, the unit of which is m 1equivalent to cycles per metre (cycles/m). Refer also to 3.8.2. NOTE 3 The wavelengths can be represented physically as the various lengths of periodically repeated parts of the profile, see Figure 1. 3.1.4 profilometer device used for measuring the profi
33、le of pavement texture NOTE Current designs of profilometers used in pavement engineering include, but are not limited to, sensors based on laser, light sectioning, needle tracer and ultrasonics technologies. Key 1 Amplitude 2 Profile NOTE “Texture wavelength” is an illustration of a component of th
34、e profile related to the wavelength concept but is not correct from a strictly mathematical point of view. Also note that amplitude (height) has an arbitrary reference. Figure 1 Illustration of some basic terms describing pavement surface texture BSISO134732:2002 33.2 Ranges of texture 3.2.1 microte
35、xture pavement microtexture deviation of a pavement surface from a true planar surface with the characteristic dimensions along the surface of less than 0,5 mm, corresponding to texture wavelengths up to 0,5 mm expressed as one-third-octave centre wavelengths NOTE 1 Peak-to-peak amplitudes normally
36、vary in the range 0,001 mm to 0,5 mm. This type of texture is the texture which makes the surface feel more or less harsh but which is usually too small to be observed by the eye. It is produced by the surface properties (sharpness and harshness) of the individual chippings or other particles of the
37、 surface which come in direct contact with the tyres. NOTE 2 Figure 2 illustrates the different texture ranges, with approximate limits regarding their effects on vehicle-pavement interactions. 3.2.2 macrotexture pavement macrotexture deviation of a pavement surface from a true planar surface with t
38、he characteristic dimensions along the surface of 0,5 mm to 50 mm, corresponding to texture wavelengths with one-third-octave bands including the range 0,63 mm to 50 mm of centre wavelengths NOTE 1 Peak-to-peak amplitudes normally vary in the range 0,1 mm to 20 mm. This type of texture is the textur
39、e which has wavelengths of the same order of size as tyre tread elements in the tyre/road interface. Surfaces are normally designed with a sufficient macrotexture to obtain suitable water drainage in the tyre/road interface. The macrotexture is obtained by suitable proportioning of the aggregate and
40、 mortar of the mix or by surface-finishing techniques. NOTE 2 Based on physical relationships between texture and friction/noise, etc., the World Road Association (PIARC) originally defined the ranges of micro-, macro- and megatexture (see reference 14). Figure 2 illustrates how these definitions co
41、ver certain ranges of surface texture wavelength and spatial frequeny. 3.2.3 megatexture pavement megatexture deviation of a pavement surface from a true planar surface with the characteristic dimensions along the surface of 50 mm to 500 mm, corresponding to texture wavelengths with one-third-octave
42、 bands including the range 63 mm to 500 mm of centre wavelengths NOTE Peak-to-peak amplitudes normally vary in the range 0,1 mm to 50 mm. This type of texture is the texture which has wavelengths in the same order of size as a tyre/road interface and is often created by potholes or “waviness”. It is
43、 usually an unwanted characteristic resulting from defects in the surface. Surface roughness with longer wavelengths than megatexture is referred to as “unevenness”. 3.2.4 unevenness pavement unevenness deviation of a pavement surface from a true planar surface with the characteristic dimensions alo
44、ng the surface of 0,5 m to 50 m, corresponding to wavelengths with one-third-octave bands including the range 0,63 m to 50 m of centre wavelengths NOTE 1 Pavement characteristics at wavelengths longer than 0,5 m are considered to be above that of texture and are referred to here as “unevenness”. For
45、 airfield applications, even wavelengths longer than 50 m would be considered. NOTE 2 Longitudinal unevenness is a type of surface roughness which, through vibrations, affects ride comfort in and road holding of vehicles. Transverse unevenness due to, for example, rutting, affects safety through lat
46、eral instability and water accumulation. It is not the intention of this part of ISO 13473 to include terms which are specifically related to unevenness. Such terms are defined in ISO 8608, prEN 13036-5 and prEN 13036-8. BSISO134732:20024 NOTE A lighter shade means a favourable effect of texture ove
47、r this range, while a darker shade means an unfavourable effect. Figure 2 Ranges in terms of texture wavelength and spatial frequency of texture and unevenness and their most significant, anticipated effects 3.3 Macrotexture depth measures 3.3.1 texture depth distance between the textured surface an
48、d a plane through the peaks of the three highest particles within a surface area in the same order of a size as that of a tyre/pavement interface See Figure 3. NOTE 1 Texture depth is normally expressed in millimetres (mm). NOTE 2 Texture depth refers to a three-dimensional case. NOTE 3 Figure 3 ill
49、ustrates the texture of a pavement in the three-dimensional case and the term “texture depth”, which is the distance between an arbitrary point of the plane down to the surface perpendicular to the plane. The plane is defined by the three highest peaks of the surface. The texture depth according to this definition depends on the size and position of the reference plane. BSISO134732:2002 5Key 1 Surface 2 Texture depth Figure 3 Illustration of the terms
