1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 13579-2:2013Industrial furnaces andassociated processingequipment Method ofmeasuring energy balance andcalculating efficiencyPart 2: Reheating furnaces for steelBS ISO 135
2、79-2:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 13579-2:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RHE/13, Oil burning equipment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to i
3、ts secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 72511 1ICS 25.180.01Compliance with a British Standard c
4、annot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 13579-2:2013Reference numberISO 13579-2:2013(E)ISO 2013INTERNATIONAL STANDA
5、RD ISO13579-2First edition2013-01-15Industrial furnaces and associated processing equipment Method of measuring energy balance and calculating efficiency Part 2: Reheating furnaces for steel Fours industriels et quipements associs Mthode de mesure du bilan nergtique et de calcul de lefficacit Partie
6、 2: Fours de rchauffage pour acier BS ISO 13579-2:2013ISO 13579-2:2013(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
7、 microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii
8、ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 13579-2:2013ISO 13579-2:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword . v Introduction vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 1 3.1 Terms related to type of energy used in this part of ISO 13579 . 2 4 Symbols 5 5 Basic prin
9、ciples . 7 5.1 General . 7 5.2 Energy flow diagram . 9 5.3 Process Heating Assessment Survey Tool 10 6 Basic conditions of measurement and calculation . 10 6.1 State of furnace . 10 6.2 Duration of measurement . 10 6.3 Unit of specific energy intensity 10 6.4 Reference conditions 10 6.5 Unit of amou
10、nt of gas 10 6.6 Fuel . 10 7 Type of energy evaluated in this part of ISO 13579 and its systematization 10 7.1 General . 10 7.2 Energy balance 10 7.3 Thermal energy balance . 12 7.4 Energy balance of electrical generation . 13 7.5 Recycled energy 14 8 Measurement method . 14 8.1 General . 14 8.2 Fue
11、l . 14 8.3 Atomization agent . 14 8.4 Combustion air and exhaust gas . 15 8.5 Controlled atmospheric gas . 15 8.6 Products and jigs/fixtures for products handling 16 8.7 Temperature of furnace surface 16 8.8 Furnace inner wall temperature . 16 8.9 Inner furnace pressure 16 8.10 Cooling water . 16 8.
12、11 Electrical auxiliary equipment 17 8.12 Generation of utilities 17 8.13 Recycled energy 17 9 Calculation . 17 9.1 General provisions 17 9.2 Total energy input . 17 9.3 Total energy output . 18 9.4 Total energy efficiency 21 10 Energy balance evaluation report 21 Annex A (informative) Reference dat
13、a 22 BS ISO 13579-2:2013ISO 13579-2:2013(E) iv ISO 2013 All rights reservedAnnex B (informative) Report of energy balance and efficiency of a reheating furnace for steel Example 24 Annex C (informative) Assessment of uncertainty of the total energy efficiency 31 Bibliography 34 BS ISO 13579-2:2013IS
14、O 13579-2:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each m
15、ember body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
16、Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards a
17、dopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of p
18、atent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13579-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 244, Industrial furnaces and associated thermal processing equipment. ISO 13579 consists of the following parts, under the general title Industrial fu
19、rnaces and associated processing equipment Method of measuring energy balance and calculating efficiency: Part 1: General methodology Part 2: Reheating furnaces for steel Part 3: Batch-type aluminium melting furnaces Part 4: Furnaces with protective or reactive atmosphere BS ISO 13579-2:2013ISO 1357
20、9-2:2013(E) vi ISO 2013 All rights reservedIntroduction All calculations within this part of ISO 13579 are based on the location of equipment under reference conditions. NOTE For equipment intended to be installed above or below sea level, it is expected that the impact of the elevation be calculate
21、d for that location. BS ISO 13579-2:2013INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13579-2:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1Industrial furnaces and associated processing equipment Method of measuring energy balance and calculating efficiency Part 2: Reheating furnaces for steel 1 Scope This part of ISO 13579 s
22、pecifies a general methodology for measuring energy balance and calculating the efficiency of the process involving reheating furnaces for steel as designed by furnace manufacturers. This general methodology includes: measurement methods; calculations (general calculation); energy balance and effici
23、ency calculation evaluation report. This part of ISO 13579 is not applicable to any efficiencies related to the process itself outside of reheating furnaces for steel (e.g. in a rolling mill process, the reheating furnace is the only part covered by this part of ISO 13579). 2 Normative references Th
24、e following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 13574
25、, Industrial furnaces and associated processing equipment Vocabulary ISO 13579-1:2013, Industrial furnaces and associated processing equipment Method of measuring energy balance and calculating efficiency Part 1: General methodology 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the term
26、s and definitions given in ISO 13574 and the following apply. BS ISO 13579-2:2013ISO 13579-2:2013(E) 2 ISO 2013 All rights reserved3.1 Terms related to type of energy used in this part of ISO 13579 3.1.1 Total energy input 3.1.1.1 total energy input Einputaggregate of measured energy input brought i
27、nto the area of energy balance, and which is composed of fuel equivalent energy and other energy input 3.1.2 Fuel equivalent energy 3.1.2.1 fuel equivalent energy Efeaggregate of input energy which is composed of calorific value of fuel, calorific value of waste, calorific value of source gas of atm
28、ospheric gas and fuel equivalent energy of electricity 3.1.2.2 calorific value of fuel Eh,fuelheat of combustion of fuel which is consumed and used for heating products in the area of energy balance 3.1.2.3 calorific value of source gas of atmospheric gas Efe,atm,calcalorific value of source gas of
29、atmospheric gas which is used as protective and reactive atmospheres 3.1.2.4 fuel equivalent energy of electricity Efe,elaggregate of fuel equivalent energy of electricity converted from each occurrence of electrical energy consumptions in the area of energy balance 3.1.3 Other energy input 3.1.3.1
30、other energy input Eothersenergy that is composed of sensible heat of fuel, sensible heat of combustion air or other oxidant, sensible heat of atomization agent for liquid fuel, heat of reaction and sensible heat of infiltration air 3.1.3.2 heat of reaction Ereactheat generated by the oxidation reac
31、tion of products in the area of energy balance measurement EXAMPLE The formation of scale of steel products during the oxidation reaction. 3.1.3.3 sensible heat of infiltration air Es,infiltsensible heat of air that leaks into the furnace through supply/discharge port or gaps in the operating system
32、s of the furnace Note 1 to entry This term may be replaced with “sensible heat of false air“. BS ISO 13579-2:2013ISO 13579-2:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 33.1.4 Total energy output 3.1.4.1 total energy output Eoutputaggregate of measured energy output emitted from or consumed in the area of
33、energy balance, which is composed of thermal energy output, energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment, energy used for generation of utility and electrical generation loss 3.1.5 Thermal energy output 3.1.5.1 thermal energy output Etherm,outaggregate of thermal energy which is emitted from th
34、e area of energy balance Note 1 to entry Thermal energy output is composed of energy defined in 3.1.5.2 to 3.1.5.12. 3.1.5.2 effective energy Eeffectenthalpy that products gain in the area of energy balance 3.1.5.3 jig loss El,jigenthalpy that jigs for handling the products gained in the area of ene
35、rgy balance measurement 3.1.5.4 sensible heat of oxidized substance El,oxidsensible heat of substances which have reacted with oxygen, formed in the thermal process brought out from the area of energy balance measurement 3.1.5.5 sensible heat of exhaust gas Eexhaustsensible heat of expended gas whic
36、h is emitted from the area of energy balance measurement 3.1.5.6 heat storage loss by batch-type furnace El,storagesensible heat which a furnace refractory gains within a batch-type furnace operation cycle 3.1.5.7 wall loss El,wallthermal energy emitted from the surface of industrial furnaces by rad
37、iation and convection 3.1.5.8 heat loss of discharged blowout from furnace opening El,blowoutsensible heat of blowout gas emitted from the furnace opening 3.1.5.9 heat loss of radiation from furnace opening El,openingthermal energy emitted from the furnace opening by radiation BS ISO 13579-2:2013ISO
38、 13579-2:2013(E) 4 ISO 2013 All rights reserved3.1.5.10 heat loss from furnace parts installed through furnace wall El,partsthermal energy emitted through furnace parts which are installed through furnace wall EXAMPLE As in the case of a roller hearth furnace. 3.1.5.11 cooling water loss El,cwtherma
39、l energy brought out by cooling water from the area of energy balance measurement 3.1.5.12 other losses El,otherunmeasured thermal energy losses from the area of energy balance 3.1.6 Energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment 3.1.6.1 energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment Eauxenerg
40、y utilized in electrical auxiliary equipment which is composed of energy consumed in installed electrical auxiliary equipment and energy used for fluid transfer 3.1.6.2 energy consumed in installed electrical auxiliary equipment Eaux,installedaggregate of total energy used in installed electrical au
41、xiliary equipment (e.g. fans, pumps) installed in the area of energy balance 3.1.6.3 energy used for fluid transfer Eaux,fluidaggregate of energy for fluid transfer calculated from the property of the fluid EXAMPLE For cooling water, fuel, etc. 3.1.7 Energy used for generation of utility 3.1.7.1 uti
42、lity service other than fuel and electricity provided to the area of energy balance EXAMPLE Oxygen, steam and atmospheric gas. 3.1.7.2 energy used for generation of utilities Eutilityaggregate of energy for the generation of utilities used in the area of energy balance 3.1.8 Electrical generation lo
43、ss 3.1.8.1 electrical generation loss El,egenergy loss in electrical generation which is backcalculated from fuel equivalent energy and total consumed electrical energy BS ISO 13579-2:2013ISO 13579-2:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 53.1.9 Thermal energy balance 3.1.9.1 thermal energy input from
44、 electrical heating source heat energy entering the process from an electrical heating source, such as an electrical heater, emitted into the area of energy balance 3.1.9.2 circulating heat heat that circulates within equipment or system installed in the area of energy balance 3.1.10 Energy balance
45、of electrical generation 3.1.10.1 total consumed electrical energy Ee,totalaggregate of electrical energy which is consumed in the area of energy balance and equal to the sum of thermal energy input from electrical heating source, energy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment and electrical ener
46、gy used for the generation of utility 3.1.10.2 electrical energy used for generation of utilities Ee,utilityaggregate of electrical energy consumed for generation of utilities (e.g. generation of oxygen) used in the area of energy balance 3.1.11 Recycled energy 3.1.11.1 recycled energy Ereenergy tha
47、t is regenerated from the wasted thermal energy from the area of energy balance EXAMPLE Energy reused in waste gas boiler. 4 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply. NOTE Tons used are metric tons. Symbol Meaning Unit cpm,p1mean specific heat of products between Tp1and
48、 273,15 K kJ/(kgK) cpm,p2mean specific heat of products between Tp2and 273,15 K kJ/(kgK) cpm,oxidmean specific heat of scale between Tp2and 273,15 K kJ/(kgK) Eauxenergy consumed in electrical auxiliary equipment per ton of products kJ/t Eaux,fluidaggregate of energy used for fluid transfer per ton o
49、f products kJ/t Eaux,installed aggregate of energy used in installed electrical auxiliary equipment per ton of products kJ/t Eeffecteffective energy per ton of products kJ/t Eexhaustsensible heat of exhaust gas per ton of products kJ/t ef0heat by formation of scale per kilogram of iron kJ/kg eFeOheat by formation of FeO per 1 kg of Fe kJ/kg eFe2O3heat by formation of Fe2O3per 1 kg of Fe kJ/kg BS ISO 13579-2:2013ISO 13579-2:2013(E) 6 ISO 2013 All rights reservedSymbol Meaning Unit eFe3O4heat
