1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Part 2: Test method for measuring breakout forces and lift capacity to maximum lift heightICS 53.10
2、0Earth-moving machinery Loaders and backhoe loaders BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 14397-2:2007BS ISO 14397-2:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 54517 7Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No
3、. Date CommentsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation o
4、f ISO 14397-2:2007. It supersedes BS ISO 14397-2:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant and site safety, to Subcommittee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International).A list of organizations repre
5、sented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Reference numberISO 14397-2:2007(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO14397-2Second edition2007-09-15Earth-moving machinery Loaders and backhoe loaders Part 2: Test method for measuring breakout forces and lift capacity to maximum lift heig
6、ht Engins de terrassement Chargeuses et chargeuses-pelleteuses Partie 2: Mthode dessai pour mesurer les forces darrachement et la capacit de levage la hauteur de levage maximale BS ISO 14397-2:2007ii iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of na
7、tional standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Intern
8、ational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the
9、rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by
10、at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14397-2 was prepared by Technical Committee IS
11、O/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 1, Test methods relating to machine performance. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14397-2:2002), which has been technically revised. ISO 14397 consists of the following parts, under the general title Earth-moving machin
12、ery Loaders and backhoe loaders: Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load Part 2: Test method for measuring breakout forces and lift capacity to maximum lift height BS ISO 14397-2:2007blank1Earth-moving machinery Loaders and backhoe loader
13、s Part 2: Test method for measuring breakout forces and lift capacity to maximum lift height 1 Scope This part of ISO 14397 specifies a test method for measuring the breakout forces and lift capacity to maximum lift height of wheeled or crawler loaders, or of the loader portion of backhoe loaders, a
14、s these machine types are defined in ISO 6165. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
15、amendments) applies. ISO 6016:1998, Earth-moving machinery Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and components ISO 6165:2006, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms and definitions ISO 6746-1:2003, Earth-moving machinery Definitions of dimensions an
16、d codes Part 1: Base machine ISO 7546:1983, Earth-moving machinery Loader and front loading excavator buckets Volumetric ratings ISO 9248:1992, Earth-moving machinery Units for dimensions, performance and capacities, and their measurement accuracies ISO 14397-1, Earth-moving machinery Loaders and ba
17、ckhoe loaders Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6165, ISO 6746-1 and ISO 14397-1, and the following apply. 3.1 breakout force maximum
18、sustained upward vertical force, in newtons, generated at a point 100 mm behind the leading edge of the bucket of a loader, or behind the foremost point of the cutting edge for a loader having a bucket with an irregular (pointed, curved, etc.) cutting-edge shape, by a lift or tilt cylinder, with the
19、 bottom of the buckets cutting edge parallel to, and not more than 20 mm above, the ground reference plane (GRP) NOTE Typical test arrangements are shown in Figures 1 and 2. BS ISO 14397-2:20072 3.2 hydraulic circuit working pressure pressure applied to the specific hydraulic lifting circuit by the
20、hydraulic pump(s) 3.3 hydraulic circuit holding pressure maximum static pressure in a specific circuit limited by a relief valve at a flow not exceeding 10 % of the rated circuit flow 3.4 hydraulic limiting condition condition in which the breakout force or lift capacity is limited by the hydraulic
21、circuit working or holding pressure 3.5 lift capacity to maximum height mliftbucket application mass, in kilograms, which can be lifted from the ground to maximum height using the lift cylinder or cylinders at hydraulic circuit working pressure, with the bucket positioned to hold the maximum load, a
22、nd with the resultant force acting vertically through the centroid of the rated bucket volume as specified in ISO 7546 NOTE A typical test arrangement is shown in Figure 3. 3.6 lift capacity to maximum height mliftfork application mass, in kilograms, which can be lifted from the ground to maximum he
23、ight using the lift cylinder or cylinders at hydraulic circuit working pressure, with the forks positioned horizontally and the fork load centre as specified in ISO 14397-1 4 Apparatus 4.1 Load cell or force transducer, appropriate to the magnitude of the tool force to be measured and having an accu
24、racy in accordance with ISO 9248. 4.2 Hydraulic oil pressure gauge or transducer, appropriate to the magnitude of the hydraulic circuit working and holding pressure to be measured and having an accuracy in accordance with ISO 9248. 5 Test conditions 5.1 Test site The test site shall consist of a har
25、d, substantially level surface, preferably of concrete, which shall have anchor points and sufficient space for a scale or load-measuring device. 5.2 Preparation 5.2.1 General The loader under test shall be clean and generally equipped in accordance with ISO 6016. It shall be of a standard configura
26、tion as specified by the manufacturer. During testing, the loaders transmission shall be in neutral and its brakes released. BS ISO 14397-2:20073Backhoe loaders shall have their loader portion in the standard configuration and their backhoe in the transport position, as specified by the manufacturer
27、. 5.2.2 Specific conditions If breakout force and lift capacity are determined under specific conditions, such as with additional counterweight, ripper, backhoe, or tyre ballast, then these conditions shall be specified in the operators manual and in advertising literature, with the stable operating
28、 conditions according to ISO 14397-1 clearly described. 5.2.3 Bucket The bucket shall be empty and in the positions shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, as applicable. 5.2.4 Test equipment Typical arrangements of the test equipment which shall be positioned on the test site, are shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
29、 Safety chains shall be fitted to prevent the machine from overturning during tests where tipping limits will be reached or exceeded. These chains shall be loose enough to allow the machine to reach a tipping limit condition while at the same time preventing it from overturning. 6 Test method 6.1 Ge
30、neral The breakout force and lift capacities shall be measured in accordance with the general requirements of 6.2 and, as applicable, in accordance with the specific requirements of 6.3 and 6.4 and as shown in Figures 1, 2 or 3. The tests shall be conducted with the machine running in accordance wit
31、h the manufacturers operating instructions and all safety rules. 6.2 Test procedure 6.2.1 With the drive system in neutral and the brakes released, position the loader on the test area with its bucket empty and suitably attached to the load cell as shown in Figures 1, 2 or 3. 6.2.2 With the engine r
32、unning at the manufacturers recommended speed, operate the cylinder or cylinders independently and record the breakout forces and lift capacities. 6.2.3 Note and record the limiting conditions for each test in the test report. In the case of hydraulic limiting conditions, the holding pressure of tha
33、t circuit being tested shall not be exceeded. If the tipping limit condition (see ISO 14397-1) is reached in a circuit, the force obtained with that hydraulic circuit is the breakout force or lift capacity. 6.2.4 Conduct each test three times and note the maximum values for each test. Record an arit
34、hmetic mean of these three values in the test report. 6.3 Breakout force Test the breakout force exerted by the lift cylinders (see Figure 1) and tilt cylinder (see Figure 2) as follows. Operate the corresponding cylinder or cylinders at working pressure while applying to the load cell a reactive fo
35、rce by means of a wire rope or other device acting vertically through a point 100 mm behind the leading BS ISO 14397-2:20074 edge of the bucket or behind the foremost point of the cutting edge for a loader having a bucket with an irregular cutting-edge shape. For tilt cylinders, in order to prevent
36、linkage movement, the bucket shall be supported by a steel block beneath the bucket pivot (see Figure 2). For lift cylinders on wheeled loaders only, in order to prevent tyre deflection, the front axle shall be supported by a steel block (see Figure 1). 6.4 Lift capacity to maximum height, mlift6.4.
37、1 Position the bucket to achieve a strike plane in accordance with ISO 7546 at the maximum lift height. 6.4.2 While operating the lift cylinder or cylinders at working pressure, apply a reactive force by means of a wire rope or other device acting vertically through the bucket centroid or fork load
38、centre to the load cell. Measure the lift force taken from the bucket or fork on the ground to the lift cylinder or cylinders extended to within 10 mm of full stroke (see Figure 3). The lift capacity to maximum height is the minimum measured lift capacity force measured. Dimensions in millimetres Ke
39、y 1 lift cylinder 4 load cell 2 loose safety chain 5 pulley 3 support at axle centreline 6 GRP Figure 1 Typical test arrangement Breakout force Lift cylinders BS ISO 14397-2:20075Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 tilt cylinder 4 pulley 2 support at pivot centreline 5 GRP 3 load cell Figure 2 Typical t
40、est arrangement Breakout force Tilt cylinders BS ISO 14397-2:20076 Key 1 centre of gravity of loada4 lift cylinder 2 loose safety chain 5 GRP 3 load cell aPositioned through centroid of rated bucket volume. Figure 3 Typical test arrangement Lift capacity to maximum height BS ISO 14397-2:200777 Test
41、report 7.1 General The following information shall be reported for all machines: a) manufacturer; b) model; c) type; d) test machine product identification number; e) operating mass of machine as tested, in kilograms; f) working or holding hydraulic circuit pressure setting(s), in kilopascals; g) ty
42、pe of undercarriage (crawler or wheeled machine). 7.2 Crawler machines Additionally, for crawler machines only, the following information shall be reported: a) type of track shoe; b) maximum width (over tracks), W1, in metres; c) track gauge, W2, in metres; d) track shoe width, W4, in metres; e) cra
43、wler base, L2, in metres; f) counterweights (if specified), in kilograms. 7.3 Wheeled machines Additionally, for wheeled machines only, the following information shall be reported: a) tread, W3 (specify front and rear separately if different), in metres; b) wheel base, L3, in metres; c) tyre size(s)
44、; d) tyre pressure(s), in kilopascals; e) ballast (if specified), in kilograms; f) counterweights (if specified), in kilograms. BS ISO 14397-2:20078 7.4 Bucket fitted for each test Specific buckets available for machines may be tested. They shall be listed as follows: type; rated volume (in accordan
45、ce with ISO 7546); mass, in kilograms. 7.5 Results The test results shall be recorded in accordance with Table 1. Table 1 Test results Test Force, F N Limiting conditions Lift cylinder(s) Breakout force Tilt cylinder(s) Lift capacity with bucket Lift capacity with forks BS ISO 14397-2:2007blankBS IS
46、O BSI389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4AL14397-2:2007BSI British Standards InstitutionBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.RevisionsBritish St
47、andards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions.It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while usi
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