1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 14427:2004 Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold and tepid ramming pastes Preparation of unbaked test specimens and determination of apparent density after compaction ICS 71.100.10 BS ISO 14427:2004 This British Standard was published under the autho
2、rity of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 23 December 2004 BSI 23 December 2004 ISBN 0 580 45153 4 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 14427:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
3、 Committee CII/24, Raw materials for the aluminium industry, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this docum
4、ent may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
5、Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for cha
6、nge, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a
7、back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 14427:2004(E) OSI 4002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14427 First edition 2004-07-15 Carbonaceous materials used in
8、the production of aluminium Cold and tepid ramming pastes Preparation of unbaked test specimens and determination of apparent density after compaction Produits carbons utiliss pour la production de laluminium Ptes de brasquage froides et tides Prparation dprouvettes non cuites et dtermination de la
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14、1OSIIS:72441 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees.
15、 Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Interna
16、tional Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Stan
17、dards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subje
18、ct of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14427 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 47, Chemistry, Subcommittee SC 7, Aluminium oxide, cryolite, aluminium fluoride, sodium fluoride, carbonaceous products for the aluminium industr
19、y. BSISO14427:2004blank 4002:72441OSISBINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:72441 O4002(E)I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold and tepid ramming pastes Preparation of unbaked test specimens and determination of apparent density after compaction 1 Scope
20、This International Standard describes the preparation of unbaked test specimens made by compacting carbonaceous ramming pastes. It also includes a method for the determination of the apparent density after compaction. Unbaked test specimens of ramming paste need to be prepared not only for the deter
21、mination of the apparent density of the paste after compaction, but also for the determination of the dimensional change during baking and for the subsequent determination of properties of baked test specimens. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the appli
22、cation of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the deter
23、mination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method ISO 14422, Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold-ramming pastes Methods of sampling 3 Principle The carbonaceous ramming paste is compacted in a cylindrical mould by a defined number of impacts a
24、t a specified force in a ramming apparatus. The bulk density is calculated from the mass and the dimensions of the resulting compacted test specimen. The test specimen may subsequently be baked, if desired, for further testing. 4 Apparatus and materials An example of a rammer mould is shown in Figur
25、e 1. 4.1 Rammer cylinder, made of steel, with an inner diameter of 50 mm. 4.2 Ram base, made of steel. The ram base shall fit into the rammer cylinder and act as the bottom of the cylinder. 4.3 Rammer, consisting of a steel piston, a falling weight mounted so that it can be dropped onto the top of t
26、he piston, and a height-measuring device accurate to 0,1 mm. The mass of the falling weight shall be 6,35 kg and the weight shall travel a constant distance to impact of (50 0,1) mm. BSISO14427:2004IS:72441 O4002(E) 2 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr4.4 Box (with lid), capable of containing the amount
27、of ramming paste needed to produce one test specimen. The free space over the paste shall not be more than 50 % of the volume of the paste. 4.5 Heating/cooling cabinet, capable of being maintained at a constant temperature 0,5 C in the range 5 C to 100 C. 4.6 Insulation layer (for example, 1-cm-thic
28、k polystyrene), for insulation of the rammer cylinder, or thermostatically controlled surround (see Figure 1). 4.7 Balance, accurate to 0,1 g. 5 Sampling Sample the paste in accordance with ISO 14422. NOTE Experience has shown that 150 g to 200 g of ramming paste is necessary for each test specimen.
29、 6 Procedure Ensure the cylinder, the ram base and the piston are clean. Weigh the necessary amount of ramming paste (to the nearest 0,1 g) into a suitable box (4.4). If the amount of ramming paste to be used is not known, determine the required mass by preliminary tests the height of the test speci
30、men after compaction has to be (50 5) mm (see below). Seal the box. Heat or cool the box together with the rammer cylinder (4.1), the ram base (4.2) and the insulation/surround (4.6) to the test temperature (agreed between the interested parties) in the heating/cooling cabinet (4.5) for 2 h to 3 h.
31、Transfer the paste to the cylinder. Protect the cylinder with the insulation or surround (4.6). Place the cylinder in the rammer (4.3) and lower the piston until it is resting on the paste. Compact the ramming paste with 100 impacts at a rate of about 1 impact per second. Read the height h of the te
32、st specimen (to the nearest 0,1 mm) from the scale on the ramming apparatus, with the piston head resting on the specimen. If the height of the compacted test specimen is not equal to (50 5) mm, discard the result and repeat the test with another sample mass. Remove the test specimen. Clean the cyli
33、nder, the ram base and the piston carefully after each test. 7 Expression of results 7.1 Apparent density of unbaked paste Calculate the apparent density , in g cm 3 , of the unbaked test specimen from Equation (1): 2 m rh = (1) where m is the mass, in g, of the ramming paste placed in the cylinder,
34、 accurate to 0,1 g; r is the inner radius of the ramming cylinder, in cm, accurate to 0,01 cm; h is the height of the unbaked test specimen as read from the rammer scale, in cm, accurate to 0,01 cm. Round the result to the nearest 0,001 g cm 3 . BSISO14427:2004IS:72441 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs
35、ersedevr 37.2 Precision (determined in accordance with ISO 5725-2) Repeatability (r) = 0,023 (in g cm 3 ) Reproducibility (R) = 0,042 (in g cm 3 ) The number of degrees of freedom, i.e. number of laboratories (6) number of samples (4), was 24. 8 Test report The test report shall include the followin
36、g information: a) a reference to this International Standard; b) all details necessary for identification of the sample tested; c) the temperature used for the test; d) the result of the test, i.e. the apparent density of the unbaked paste after compaction; e) the date of the test; f) details of any
37、 unusual features noted during the determination; g) details of any operation not included in this International Standard or regarded as optional. BSISO14427:2004IS:72441 O4002(E) 4 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevrKey 1 piston 2 steel cylinder 3 ramming paste 4 insulation or thermostatically controlled
38、 surround 5 ram base Figure 1 Rammer mould BSISO14427:2004blankBS ISO 14427:2004 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the inte
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