1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 15076-1:2010Image technology colourmanagement Architecture,profile format and datastructurePart 1: Based on ICC.1:2010BS ISO 15076-1:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational foreword
2、This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 15076-1:2010.It supersedes BS ISO 15076-1:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PAI/43, Graphic technology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on reque
3、st to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 68401 2ICS 37.100.99Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standa
4、rd was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 15076-1:2010Reference numberISO 15076-1:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO15076-1Second edition2010-12-01Image technology colour m
5、anagement Architecture, profile format and data structure Part 1: Based on ICC.1:2010 Gestion de couleur en technologie dimage Architecture, format de profil et structure de donnes Partie 1: Fond sur lICC.1:2010 BS ISO 15076-1:2010ISO 15076-1:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded
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10、r. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 15076-1:2010ISO 15076-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword .v Intr
11、oductionvi 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms2 3.1 Terms and definitions .2 3.2 Abbreviated terms.5 4 Basic number types 6 4.1 General .6 4.2 dateTimeNumber .6 4.3 float32Number .7 4.4 positionNumber .7 4.5 response16Number.7 4.6 s15Fixed16Number7 4.7 u16Fixe
12、d16Number .8 4.8 u1Fixed15Number .8 4.9 u8Fixed8Number .8 4.10 uInt16Number 8 4.11 uInt32Number 8 4.12 uInt64Number 8 4.13 uInt8Number 8 4.14 XYZNumber 9 4.15 Seven-bit ASCII9 5 Conformance .9 6 Profile connection space, rendering intents, and device encoding 9 6.1 General considerations.9 6.2 Rende
13、ring intents10 6.3 Profile connection space11 6.4 Converting between PCSXYZ and PCSLAB encodings 17 6.5 Device encoding17 7 Profile requirements18 7.1 General .18 7.2 Profile header.19 7.3 Tag table.24 7.4 Tag data25 8 Required tags.25 8.1 General .25 8.2 Common requirements .25 8.3 Input profiles26
14、 8.4 Display profiles27 8.5 Output profiles.28 8.6 DeviceLink profile29 8.7 ColorSpace profile.29 8.8 Abstract profile 30 8.9 NamedColor profile .30 8.10 Precedence order of tag usage30 9 Tag definitions .31 BS ISO 15076-1:2010ISO 15076-1:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reserved9.1 General. 31 9.2 Ta
15、g listing 32 10 Tag type definitions 45 10.1 General. 45 10.2 chromaticityType 45 10.3 colorantOrderType 46 10.4 colorantTableType 46 10.5 curveType 47 10.6 dataType 48 10.7 dateTimeType 48 10.8 lut16Type . 49 10.9 lut8Type . 52 10.10 lutAToBType 54 10.11 lutBToAType 57 10.12 measurementType 60 10.1
16、3 multiLocalizedUnicodeType 61 10.14 multiProcessElementsType. 62 10.15 namedColor2Type. 68 10.16 parametricCurveType. 69 10.17 profileSequenceDescType. 70 10.18 profileSequenceIdentifierType 71 10.19 responseCurveSet16Type 72 10.20 s15Fixed16ArrayType. 75 10.21 signatureType . 75 10.22 textType . 7
17、5 10.23 u16Fixed16ArrayType 76 10.24 uInt16ArrayType 76 10.25 uInt32ArrayType 76 10.26 uInt64ArrayType 77 10.27 uInt8ArrayType 77 10.28 viewingConditionsType . 77 10.29 XYZType. 78 Annex A (informative) Data colour encodings and rendering intents 79 Annex B (informative) Embedding profiles 83 Annex
18、C (informative) Relationship between ICC profiles and PostScript CSAs and CRDs . 87 Annex D (informative) Profile connection space 89 Annex E (informative) Chromatic adaptation tag 102 Annex F (normative) Profile computational models. 105 Annex G (informative) Tables of required tags and tag list .
19、107 Bibliography. 113 BS ISO 15076-1:2010ISO 15076-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried o
20、ut through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO c
21、ollaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International
22、 Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elemen
23、ts of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15076-1 was prepared by the International Color Consortium, in cooperation with Technical Committees ISO/TC 130 Graphic technology and ISO/TC 42 Photography,
24、under the provisions of the Cooperative Agreement between ISO/TC130 and the International Color Consortium dated 2003-07-11. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15076-1:2005), which has been technically revised to incorporate changes made in the profile specification. The
25、se include the addition of the perceptual intent reference medium colour gamut, new technology signatures, a floating-point device encoding range, a colorimetric intent image state tag, and a profile sequence identifier tag. In addition, the mediaBlackPointTag has been deleted and PCSXYZ is no longe
26、r limited to the PCS illuminant. ISO 15076-1 is technically identical to ICC.1:2010, Image technology colour management Architecture, profile format, and data structure (Profile version 4.3.0.0). ISO 15076 consists of the following parts, under the general title Image technology colour management Ar
27、chitecture, profile format and data structure: Part 1: Based on ICC.1:2010 BS ISO 15076-1:2010ISO 15076-1:2010(E) vi ISO 2010 All rights reservedIntroduction 0.1 General This part of ISO 15076 specifies the profile format defined by the International Color Consortium(ICC). The intent of this format
28、is to provide a cross-platform profile format for the creation and interpretation of colour data. Such profiles can be used to translate between different colour encodings, and to transform colour data created using one device into another devices native colour encoding. The acceptance of this forma
29、t by application and operating system vendors allows end users to transparently move profiles, and images with embedded profiles, between different systems. For example, this allows a printer manufacturer to create a single profile for multiple applications and operating systems. It is assumed that
30、the reader of this part of ISO 15076 has a good understanding of colour science and imaging, such as familiarity with CIE, ISO and IEC colour standards, general knowledge of device measurement and characterization, and familiarity with at least one operating system level colour management system. 0.
31、2 International Color Consortium The International Color Consortium was formed with the primary intent of developing and administering a colour profile format standard, and for the registration of the associated tag signatures and descriptions. The founding members of this consortium were Adobe Syst
32、ems Inc., Agfa-Gevaert N.V., Apple Computer, Inc., Eastman Kodak Company, FOGRA (Honorary), Microsoft Corporation, Silicon Graphics, Inc., Sun Microsystems, Inc., and Taligent, Inc. These companies committed to fully support the standard in their operating systems, platforms and applications. The co
33、nsortium has since been expanded and now has over 60 members. The initial version of the standard developed by the ICC has undergone various revisions, and it was agreed by the ICC that its revision 4.2 first be proposed as an International Standard. It is that revision which formed the basis of fir
34、st edition of this part of ISO 15076 (ISO 15076-1:2005). This second edition is based on ICC revision 4.3, which is a minor ICC revision and is therefore fully backward compatible with 4.2. All the technical specifications contained in the first edition (ISO 15076-1:2005) are also given in this seco
35、nd edition, and new specifications exclusive to this second edition are clearly identified. Informative material has also been updated and clarified. The ICC will continue to administer its own version of ICC.1:2010 and, if enhancements are made, will be seriously considered for future revisions of
36、this part of ISO 15076. ISO/TC 130 will work to ensure that there are no significant differences between the ICC and ISO versions of this part of ISO 15076. The ICC web site (www.color.org) provides supplementary information relevant to this part of ISO 15076 and additional resources for developers
37、and users. It also provides information on how to become a member of ICC. 0.3 Colour management architecture and profile connection space The underlying architecture assumed in this part of ISO 15076 is based around a reference colour space that is unambiguously defined. The colour specification met
38、hod selected was that defined by CIE which is internationally accepted. The CIE system enables a set of tristimulus values (CIEXYZ) to be specified for a coloured stimulus. These tristimulus values enable a user to determine whether colours match in appearance when viewed by a typical observer in a
39、specific viewing environment. It follows that it is possible to define the colour appearance of a sample by these tristimulus values (or some defined transformation of them) for a specified state of viewer adaptation. The colour appearance is simply the appearance of the colour to a typical human ob
40、server, as opposed to the physical characteristics of the colour stimulus, which is not fully specified using tristimulus values. BS ISO 15076-1:2010ISO 15076-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved viiCalculation of the CIEXYZ values for transmitting or reflecting media is achieved from the spectral
41、 sum-product of the reflectance or transmittance of the sample, the relative spectral power distribution of the illumination source used to view it and the spectral sensitivity of the standard observer. However, as CIE defines two standard observers, two measurement geometries (for reflecting media)
42、 and a large number of standard illuminants, it is necessary to restrict these options in order to have a colour specification system that is not ambiguous for a particular application. For this part of ISO 15076, the ICC has defined such a restriction, based on ISO 13655, and the resultant colour s
43、paces are known as PCSXYZ and PCSLAB. Furthermore, the simple CIE system (whether CIEXYZ or the CIELAB values derived from them) does not accommodate the effect of surrounding stimuli to the sample being measured (which can be different for various types of media) or the illumination. Both of these
44、affect appearance so the PCS values do not by themselves specify appearance. To overcome this problem, the PCS is used in two different ways. The first accounts only for the assumed state of chromatic adaptation of the viewer, and describes the colorimetry of actual originals and their reproductions
45、, chromatically adapted to the PCS adopted white chromaticity, through the colorimetric rendering intents. The second, which describes the colorimetry of an image colour rendered to a standard reference medium under a specified viewing condition, is employed for the perceptual rendering intent and o
46、ptionally for the saturation rendering intent. Thus, it can incorporate corrections for different states of viewer adaptation and other desired rendering effects, as well as accommodating differences between actual colour encoding and device dynamic ranges and colour gamuts, and those of the percept
47、ual intent reference medium. When required, the viewing conditions can be specified to allow colour appearance to be determined for the colorimetric rendering intents. So, in summary, the PCS is based on CIEXYZ (or CIELAB) determined for a specific observer (CIE Standard 1931 Colorimetric Observer,
48、often known colloquially as the 2 degree observer), relative to a specific illuminant chromaticity (that of CIE D50), and measured with a specified measurement geometry (0:45 or 45:0), for reflecting media. Measurement procedures are also defined for transmitting and self-luminous media. Since the c
49、onversion from CIEXYZ to CIELAB is quite unambiguous, profile builders can use either colour space for the PCS; the colour management system is able to determine which has been used from a tag in the header. For colorimetric renderings where the measured data were not obtained relative to a D50 adopted white chromaticity, the profile builder is expected to adapt the data to achieve this. Therefore, a mechanism for identifying the chromatic adaptation used in such situations is provided. For the perceptual rendering intent the view
