1、BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 15077:2008Tractors and self-propelled machinery for agriculture Operator controls Actuating forces, displacement, location and method of operationICS 65.060.01g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g
2、36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS ISO 15077:2008This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 February 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 57469 6National forewordThis British Standard is the UK
3、 implementation of ISO 15077:2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AGE/6, Agricultural tractors and forestry machinery.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to i
4、nclude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsReference numberISO 15077:2008(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO
5、15077First edition2008-01-15Tractors and self-propelled machinery for agriculture Operator controls Actuating forces, displacement, location and method of operation Tracteurs et machines agricoles automotrices Commandes de loprateur Forces de manuvre, dplacements, emplacements et modes de fonctionne
6、ment BS ISO 15077:2008ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Requirements 3 Annex A (informative) Maximum control actuating force, direction of motion and control location 7 Annex B (normative) Operator controls associated w
7、ith virtual terminals 10 Annex C (informative) Identification of hand controls by colour coding . 12 Bibliography . 14 BS ISO 15077:2008iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prepari
8、ng International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in lia
9、ison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of
10、technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is
11、drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15077 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subc
12、ommittee SC 3, Safety and comfort. This first edition of ISO 15077 cancels and replaces ISO/TS 15077:2002, of which it constitutes a technical revision. BS ISO 15077:2008vIntroduction This International Standard has been developed to provide preferred methods of operation and requirements for operat
13、or controls. These provisions were derived from experience, current practice, human factors literature and existing standards. Specific operating requirements are given for controls common to many agricultural machines. BS ISO 15077:2008blank1Tractors and self-propelled machinery for agriculture Ope
14、rator controls Actuating forces, displacement, location and method of operation 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the preferred method of operation and requirements related to operator controls actuated by hand and foot, installed in agricultural tractors and self-propelled agricultural
15、machinery and used by a seated operator as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer. It also gives recommendations for the maximum control actuating forces, direction of motion and location of these controls. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispe
16、nsable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3767-1, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment
17、 Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 1: Common symbols ISO 3767-2, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 2: Symbols for agricultural tractors and machinery ISO 11783-6 Tractors and m
18、achinery for agriculture and forestry Serial control and communications data network Part 6: Virtual terminal 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 control device actuated by an operator to effect a response from the machine, its at
19、tachments or its implements 3.2 control actuating force force exerted at the centre of the control contact surface, perpendicular to that surface and in the direction of its movement, to effect a control function NOTE This force does not necessarily represent the force typically applied by the opera
20、tor. 3.3 forward direction the operator faces while seated in the operators seat with the machine and the operators seat in the position for forward travel as defined by the manufacturer BS ISO 15077:20082 3.4 minimum control strength ability of a control system to withstand a single excessive appli
21、cation of effort by the operator without being destroyed or having its primary function impeded 3.5 decelerator pedal control used on certain machines which, when actuated, reduces the engine speed 3.6 hand control control manipulated by the operators hand 3.6.1 hand control with finger/wrist activa
22、tion hand control manipulated by the movement of one or more fingers or the wrist, with little or no shoulder/elbow motion 3.6.2 hand control with arm activation hand control gripped by the hand and moved primarily by shoulder/elbow movement 3.7 auxiliary input unit electronic control unit (ECU) con
23、taining one or more VT operator controls for common use and facilitating the machine operation NOTE See ISO 11783-6. 3.8 non-critical function machine function which, when actuated, presents a minimal risk to the machine operator or bystanders 3.9 critical function machine function which, when actua
24、ted, can cause an action that could be hazardous to the machine operator or bystanders 3.10 virtual terminal operator control VT operator control element of an auxiliary input unit or of a remote key pad, or virtual terminal soft key or touch screen control meeting the requirements of ISO 11783-6 an
25、d those specified in Annex B 3.10.1 non-critical VT operator control VT operator control that is suitable only for the control of non-critical functions 3.10.2 critical VT operator control VT operator control input suitable for the control of critical functions NOTE See Annex B. BS ISO 15077:200834
26、Requirements 4.1 General 4.1.1 Control functions and movements shall be identified by symbols conforming to ISO 3767-1 or ISO 3767-2 so that the operator can determine the proper control function and movement. Identification is not required for controls that have universal recognition by virtue of t
27、heir shape, location, arrangements or method of actuation, such as a steering wheel, foot-operated clutch pedal, service brake or accelerator pedal. For identification of manual controls by colour coding, see Annex C. 4.1.2 Foot-operated controls shall be designed to minimize the risk of the foot sl
28、ipping off the pedal. 4.2 Maximum control actuating force, direction of motion, and location Guidelines for maximum control actuating forces and generic direction of motion for controls are given in Annex A. Minimum control actuating forces shall be sufficient to avoid inadvertent actuation by the f
29、orce of a hand or foot resting on the control during anticipated operating conditions. NOTE ISO 5697 and ISO 10998 specify maximum actuating forces not to be exceeded to meet the braking and steering performance requirements specified by those International Standards. Actuating forces to be applied
30、for normal operation referred to in this International Standard are usually lower. 4.3 Control operation The operation of controls, if provided on the machine, shall be in accordance with Table 1. NOTE The control motion indicated in Table 1 represents the motion of several control types such as lev
31、ers, rocker switches, pairs of push buttons, or sliders. For example, if a pair of buttons or a rocker switch are used to raise and lower the three-point hitch, the interpretation of Table 1, section 8.1, would be to use the button in the upper or rearward position to raise the hitch and the button
32、in the lower or forward position to lower the hitch. Table 1 Control operation No. Control Control operation and requirements 1 Engine 1.1 Starting/stopping engine Provision shall be made to prevent the engine starter from engaging unless a) the traction transmission(s) is (are) in the neutral or pa
33、rked position or the traction clutch is disengaged, b) the master implement clutch/PTO clutch is disengaged. 1.1.1 Starting engine (rotational switch) The control shall be rotated clockwise to operate engine starter. 1.1.2 Engine preheater circuit (rotational switch) If an engine preheater circuit i
34、s provided, this control shall occur before or at the starting position. It may be activated by rotating the control anticlockwise (counter-clockwise) or pushing inwards on the control. 1.1.3 Stopping engine (rotational switch) The control shall be rotated anticlockwise (counter-clockwise) to the st
35、op position. 1.1.4 Stopping engine (mechanical control) When the stop control is actuated, controls such as levers or buttons shall automatically remain in the stop position without the application of sustained manual effort. Direction of motion shall be pull to stop. The control shall be located wi
36、thin 150 mm of the engine start control. If the stop control is combined with the speed control, it shall be in the direction of and beyond the low idle position. 1.2 Engine speed 1.2.1 Foot-operated The control shall be readily accessible to the operators right foot. The pedal shall be pushed forwa
37、rd and/or downward to increase engine speed. BS ISO 15077:20084 Table 1 (continued) No. Control Control operation and requirements 1.2.2 Hand-operated variable speed The control shall be positioned in front of, or to the right of, the operator. Direction of motion shall be in a plane generally paral
38、lel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The control shall be moved away from the operator (generally forward) to increase engine speed. 1.2.3 Hand-operated discrete settings The control shall be positioned in front of, or to the right of, the operator. The actuation of the part of the control w
39、hich is generally away from the operator shall select higher speed settings. 1.2.4 Decelerator pedal If provided, the control shall be positioned in front of, or to the right of, the operator and be readily accessible to the operators right foot. The direction of motion shall be forward and/or downw
40、ard to decrease engine speed. A foot-operated engine speed control as described in 1.2.1 shall not be provided. 2 Steering (when travelling in a forward direction) 2.1 Steering wheel When a steering wheel control is provided, a clockwise rotation shall effect a right turn, and an anticlockwise (coun
41、ter-clockwise) rotation shall effect a left turn. 2.2 Two levers When two levers are provided for steering, moving the right-hand lever rearward and/or the left-hand lever forward shall effect a right turn; moving the left-hand lever rearward and/or the right-hand lever forward shall effect a left t
42、urn. 2.3 One lever When one lever is provided for steering, a lateral motion of the lever to the right shall effect a right turn and a lateral motion to the left shall effect a left turn. 3 Brakes 3.1 Service brake 3.1.1 Foot-operated Pedal(s) shall be readily accessible to the operators right foot.
43、 The direction of motion shall be forward and/or downward for engagement. 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 take precedence over this provision. Where separate brake pedals are provided for the independent right-hand and left-hand brake control, it shall be possible to obtain combined control with one foot. 3.2 Park
44、brake 3.2.1 Hand-operated with finger/wrist activation (e.g. electrical switch) The control shall be moved forward or away from the operator to apply the park brake. (See Annex A for direction of motion for various surfaces.) The park brake shall remain applied without manual effort. Provision shall
45、 be made to prevent unintentional release. 3.2.2 Hand-operated with arm activation The control shall be pulled to apply the brake. A device shall be provided to retain brake(s) in the applied position. Provision shall be made to prevent unintentional release. 3.2.3 Foot-operated The direction of mot
46、ion shall be forward and/or downward for engagement. A device shall be provided to retain brake(s) in the applied position. Provision shall be made to prevent unintentional release. 3.2.4 Combination parking and transmission control Provision shall be made to prevent unintentional disengagement. 3.3
47、 Secondary braking system 3.3.1 Hand-operated with finger/wrist activation (e.g. electrical switch) The control shall be moved forward or away from the operator to apply the secondary brake. 3.3.2 Hand-operated with arm activation The control shall be pulled to apply the brake. 3.3.3 Foot-operated T
48、he direction of motion shall be forward and/or downward for engagement. BS ISO 15077:20085Table 1 (continued) No. Control Control operation and requirements 4 Transmission 4.1 Clutch (includes combined transmission and PTO) See also PTO control, section 7. 4.1.1 Foot-operated The control shall be re
49、adily accessible to operators left foot. The pedal shall be pushed forward and/or downward for disengagement. 4.1.2 Hand-operated with arm activation The control shall be moved rearward or towards the operator for disengagement. Positive means shall be provided for holding the clutch control in the disengaged position so that it is incapable of being re-engaged unless manually operated. It is recommended that the clutch be operable only from the operators seat. 4.2 Combination ground speed and forward/reverse direction (continuously variable combined
