1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 15117-1:2004 Coal flow properties Part 1: Bin flow ICS 73.040 BS ISO 15117-1:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 25 May 2004 BSI 25 May 2004 ISBN 0 580 43813 9 National foreword This British Standard r
2、eproduces verbatim ISO 15117-1:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PTI/16, Solid mineral fuels, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on reque
3、st to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Cat
4、alogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand
5、 the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a f
6、ront cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 24, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number IS
7、O 15117-1:2004(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15117-1 First edition 2004-05-01 Coal flow properties Part 1: Bin flow Proprits dcoulement du charbon Partie 1: coulement dune trmie BSISO151171:2004IS-71151 O1:(4002E) DPlcsid Fremia ihTs PDF file may ctnoian emdebt dedyfepcaes. In ccaocnadrw eith Aebods
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12、 10 947 22 1 11 xaF0 947 22 14 + 9 74 E-mail coirypthgiso.o gr We bwww.is.o gro Pulbisdehi n Switlrez dnaii BSISO151171:2004 iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Notation 4 5 Sampling and sample preparation 5 5.1 Sampling 5 5.2 Sample preparat
13、ion. 5 5.2.1 General. 5 5.2.2 Sample top size . 6 5.2.3 Sample division. 6 5.2.4 Moisture content. 6 6 Determination of yield locus 6 6.1 Apparatus. 6 6.2 Instantaneous yield locus 6 6.2.1 General. 6 6.2.2 Preconsolidation of the sample. 7 6.2.3 Shear consolidation 8 6.2.4 Shearing of the sample. 9
14、6.2.5 Determination of the complete family of instantaneous yield loci 10 6.3 Other yield loci 10 6.3.1 High-pressure yield locus 10 6.3.2 Time yield locus 10 6.3.3 Temperature yield locus. 12 6.3.4 Vibration yield locus. 12 6.4 Reporting and presentation of results 12 6.4.1 General. 12 6.4.2 Prorat
15、ing procedure 13 6.4.3 Determination of the instantaneous flow function 13 6.5 Acceptance of results and precision of the determination 14 7 Determination of wall yield locus 15 7.1 Principle. 15 7.2 Apparatus. 15 7.3 Sample 15 7.4 Procedure. 15 7.5 Calculations. 16 7.6 Determination of wall frictio
16、n angle (). 17 7.7 Precision of determination. 17 8 Determination of bulk density/compressibility 18 8.1 General. 18 8.2 Apparatus. 18 8.3 Sample 18 8.4 Procedure. 18 8.5 Calculations. 19 8.6 Presentation of results . 19 8.7 Precision of determination. 19 Annex A (informative) Bin design philosophy.
17、 23 BSISO151171:2004iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in
18、a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commissi
19、on (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical c
20、ommittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall n
21、ot be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15117-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 27, Solid mineral fuels, Subcommittee SC 1, Coal preparation: Terminology and performance. ISO 15117 consists of the following parts, under the general title Coal flow propert
22、ies: Part 1: Bin flow Part 2: Rapid assessment BSISO151171:2004 1Coal flow properties Part 1: Bin flow 1 Scope This part of ISO 15117 sets out methods for the measurement of the flow properties of coal, primarily for the design of bins and chutes. It also provides some guidance on the presentation o
23、f these data for analysis and design. This part of ISO 15117 consists of a bulk density test and a yield locus test giving information on material flow properties. It also describes a further test, called the wall yield locus, which measures the friction between coal and bin wall material. Although
24、this part of ISO 15117 is nominally for coal, the principles and apparatus may be used for coke and other semi-cohesive particulate materials where a knowledge of flow properties is required. NOTE Some discussion of the relevance of coal flow properties to bin design philosophy is provided in Annex
25、A. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1213-2:1992, Solid
26、mineral fuels Vocabulary Part 2: Terms relating to sampling, testing and analysis ISO 1953:1994, Hard coal Size analysis by sieving ISO 589:1981, Hard coal Determination of total moisture ISO 13909-2: 2002, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 2: Coal Sampling from moving streams ISO 13909-4:
27、 2001, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 4: Coal Preparation of test samples ASTM D 6128-00, Standard Test Method for Shear Testing of Bulk Solids Using the Jenike Shear Cell 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in ISO 1213-2 and those below
28、apply. NOTE In this part of ISO 15117, the terms pressure and stress are used synonymously because this convention is used in research and literature on this subject. Some other terms have not yet been standardized in the literature. These are listed below, together with a reference to the preferred
29、 nomenclature. 3.1 axi-symmetric flow SEE mass flow BSISO151171:20042 3.2 bulk density the mass of a sample of particulate solid including moisture, divided by its total volume NOTE The level of consolidation stress is critical to any measurement of bulk density. 3.3 bulk material semi-cohesive part
30、iculate material such as coal and other minerals 3.4 cohesion the shear stress at yield under zero normal stress NOTE This parameter is not normally quantified. 3.5 compaction the process of permanent volume reduction of a bulk material by application of a consolidating stress 3.6 consolidation SEE
31、compaction 3.7 core flow SEE funnel flow 3.8 critical consolidation, in a shear cell the state existing in a bulk sample within a shear cell when the cell stem travel becomes independent of applied shear force NOTE Under these conditions, the bulk material is deforming without change in voidage. The
32、 material is said to be in its critical state. 3.9 critical state SEE critical consolidation 3.10 critical pipe or rathole diameter the diameter of a rathole or pipe at which the rathole or pipe becomes unstable NOTE The critical rathole diameter varies with consolidation pressures. 3.11 effective a
33、ngle of internal friction the angle with the horizontal axis of a line through the origin and tangent to the Mohr circle through the end point of the yield locus See Figure 4. NOTE The line through the origin is called the effective yield locus. 3.12 expanded flow flow from a bin which has two disti
34、nct cross-section regimes NOTE Funnel flow exists in the lower cylindrical section of the bin whereas mass flow exists in the conical outlet hopper or hoppers. BSISO151171:2004 33.13 flow function, instantaneous FF for a given bulk material, a plot of the unconfined yield strength cversus the major
35、consolidating pressure, values being obtained from the yield loci NOTE This is a measure of the bulk strength or flowability of a bulk material, in a de-aerated state, when first loaded into a bin or consolidated in a shear cell. 3.14 flow function, time storage for a given bulk material, a measure
36、of the increase in unconfined yield strength of material subjected to standard consolidation conditions for a defined time, typically 24 h to 48 h 3.15 funnel flow the flow that occurs during gravity storage when bulk material sloughs off the surface of the material and discharges through a vertical
37、 channel which forms within the material in the bin whenever material is drawn from the outlet NOTE Material adjacent to the bin walls remains stationary. 3.16 hopper half-angle the angle between one wall of the hopper and the vertical 3.17 major consolidating pressure major consolidating stress 1th
38、e pressure given by the Mohr circle passing through the end point of the instantaneous yield locus and the tangent to the locus See Figure 4. 3.18 mass flow the flow that occurs when bulk material is in motion at every point in a bin whenever material is drawn from the outlet NOTE Mass flow is norma
39、lly symmetric and is usually axi-symmetric in three dimensions in a conical hopper, or plane in two dimensions in a wedge hopper. 3.19 natural fines the fraction of the sample screened below 4 mm or 6 mm 3.20 particulate solid an assembly of solid particles having properties independent of the numbe
40、r of particles present SEE bulk material (3.3). 3.21 plane flow SEE mass flow BSISO151171:20044 3.22 shear apparatus equipment for subjecting the material under test to shear deformation under conditions of controlled normal pressure 3.23 unconfined yield strength cthe major principal stress that mu
41、st be applied tangentially to an unconfined surface to cause yielding 3.24 voidage or voids ratio the volume of the voids within a quantity of bulk material, divided by total volume (voids plus solids) 3.25 yield locus, effective see effective angle of internal friction 3.26 yield locus, instantaneo
42、us the shear force versus normal force curve for plastic failure of an over-consolidated bulk material of given initial voidage; this defines conditions when material flow commences 3.27 yield locus, time the shear force versus normal force curve for plastic failure of a bulk material after being he
43、ld at rest under a standard pressure for a given time 3.28 yield locus, wall the locus of shear force versus applied normal force on a sample of bulk material moving in contact with a boundary surface or wall NOTE This is the angle determined by the shear and normal force shown in Figure 10. 4 Notat
44、ion The following quantity symbols are used in this part of ISO 15117: F Unconfined yield force under instantaneous conditions h Compacted height, in bulk density test S Steady-state shear force during the “shear consolidation” phase of the shear test S fSteady shear force obtained in the wall frict
45、ion test S tAn uncorrected value of S determined from the shear test S sThe value of S selected for a particular level of consolidation, and used for prorating (S i ) tvalues i S Maximum value of shear force obtained during the “sample shear” phase of the shear test it () S An uncorrected value of S
46、 determined from the shear test ip () S A corrected value of S obtained using Equation (1) BSISO151171:2004 5V Vertical force due to total vertical load applied at the shear plane during the “shear consolidation” phase of shear test X V = V a+ V bV aVertical force due to the weight of the shear lid,
47、 shear ring and bulk solid above the shear plane, i.e. contained within the shear ring V bVertical force due to the weight applied to the shear lid during the “shear consolidation” phase of the shear test bi VVertical force due to the weight applied to the shear lid during the “sample shear” phase o
48、f the shear test V fVertical force applied in the wall friction test i VVertical force due to total vertical load applied at the shear plane during “sample shear” phase of the shear test i V= V a+ bi VV tVertical force due to the weight applied to the twisting lid during the “preconsolidation” phase
49、 of the shear test V 1Major consolidating force on sample W fWeights used in the wall friction test W hMass of the weight hanger or carrier cUnconfined yield strength (or stress) of a bulk solid 1Major consolidation pressure (or stress) of a bulk solid Wall friction angle 5 Sampling and sample preparation 5.1 Sampling The sample for flow property analysis shall be taken in accordance with ISO 13909-2. Care should be taken at all
