1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 15176:2002 Soil quality Characterization of excavated soil and other soil materials intended for re-use ICS 13.080.99 BS ISO 15176:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was publ
2、ished under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 23 October 2002 BSI 23 October 2002 ISBN 0 580 40607 5 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 15176:2002 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was ent
3、rusted to Technical Committee EH/4, Soil quality, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be
4、found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are r
5、esponsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and ke
6、ep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 50, an inside back cover and a back cover. T
7、he BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 15176:2002(E) OSI 2002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15176 First edition 2002-10-01 Soil quality Characterization of excavated soi
8、l and other soil materials intended for re-use Qualit du sol Caractrisation de la terre excave et dautres matriaux du sol destins la rutilisation BSISO15176:2002BSISO15176:2002iiIS:67151 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction. v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative referen
9、ce 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 3.1 Types of soil and other soil materials. 2 3.2 Soil characteristics. 3 3.3 Land and sites . 4 3.4 Utilization, reclamation and treatment 5 3.5 Assessment. 6 4 Characterization of soil materials and sites. 6 4.1 General. 6 4.2 Investigation strategies 8 4.3 Sampling
10、 strategies 8 4.4 Characterization of soil materials 11 5 Data quality, handling and evaluation. 30 6 Using this International Standard 30 Annex A (informative) Data quality, handling and evaluation 31 Annex B (informative) Good practice in the re-use of soil materials 33 B.1 General. 33 B.2 General
11、 guidance for re-use 33 B.3 Handling and storing excavated soil and other soil materials. 34 B.4 Placement at the target site . 34 B.5 After-care of the target site 35 B.6 Use of soil materials in construction works. 35 Annex C (informative) Guidance on determination of the scope of investigation ne
12、eded before excavation of soil materials . 36 C.1 General. 36 C.2 Determining the need for investigation 36 C.3 Development of analytical strategies 37 Annex D (informative) Example of classification and evaluation of soils and other soil materials. 40 D.1 General. 40 D.2 The concept of suitability
13、classes. 40 D.3 Suitability classes depending on harmful substance content . 40 D.4 Soil unsuitable for re-use . 42 D.5 Additional suitability classes for soil improvement and reclamation . 42 D.6 Suitability of soils and soil materials for combining. 43 Annex E (informative) Examples of elements an
14、d compounds belonging to different contaminant groups 45 Bibliography 47 BSISO15176:2002iiiIS:67151 O2002(E) vi I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevrForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prepa
15、ring International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in l
16、iaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task o
17、f technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention i
18、s drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15176 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 7, Soil an
19、d site assessment. Annexes A, B, C, D and E of this International Standard are for information only. BSISO15176:2002ivIS:67151 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr vIntroduction This International Standard is one of a series providing guidance on the assessment of soils and soil materials in relat
20、ion to certain functions and uses. It should be read in conjunction with these other International Standards, some of which give more specific guidance in relation to some of the uses listed in the Scope or particular aspects of assessments. For example, ISO 15800 gives guidance on assessments relat
21、ing to human exposure to potentially harmful substances and ISO 15175 gives guidance on characterization of soil related to groundwater. Soils are the dynamic product of chemical, physical and biological processes. They are the result of interactions between the inherent nature of the parent materia
22、l, the prevailing environmental conditions and human activities. They are a valuable natural resource which should be conserved wherever possible. When construction, mining or other activities require soils to be excavated and moved from their natural situation, they should as far as possible be reu
23、sed in a manner consistent with their natural properties and the intended use of the receiving location. Soils intended for re-use are usually required to have certain chemical, leaching, geotechnical, physical, biological and radiochemical attributes consistent with this future use. Particular atte
24、ntion must be paid in situations where there is reason to believe that the surplus soil may be contaminated. Soils that are to be excavated should be investigated to determine how they may be re-used so as to minimize the quantities to be disposed of as waste and to determine environmental impacts t
25、hat might arise during re-use. Treatment of soils and soil materials to remove or destroy contaminants or to reduce their availability to the environment may alter soil properties. These properties should therefore be determined before re-use. For manufactured soils, the characteristics of both the
26、components and of the manufactured product may need to be determined. The purpose of characterizing soil (or other media) as suggested in this International Standard is usually to enable judgements to be made about its suitability for a defined use (e.g. arable farming, domestic gardens). These judg
27、ements may be made by reference to published international or national guidance that sets out physical, chemical or other generic criteria that must be met, or against criteria set on a site-specific basis. When substances are present that might be harmful to human health or the environment, the jud
28、gement may also be made on the basis of a site- specific qualitative, semi-quantitative or fully quantitative risk assessment. In many jurisdictions, formal guidance on such assessments has been published. In some cases this guidance fits within a legislative framework. Guidance has also been provid
29、ed by professional organizations and some standardization bodies. When deciding whether to re-use soil material, other possibly competing or overriding objectives such as protection of soil, nature, water and air; physical planning requirements and national legislative requirements may have to be me
30、t. Assessment of soil material for re-use may require the measurement of the chemical, physical, biological, geotechnical and radiochemical characteristics of soil material and of the source and target sites. The assessor should identify those parameters that are appropriate to the task in hand. Thi
31、s International Standard identifies the functions and properties of soil materials at the source (point of origin) and also the properties of the target (receiving) site which may be relevant to the potential uses listed in the Scope, and indicates for which parameters or procedures there are Intern
32、ational Standards available. Radiochemical and geotechnical aspects are not covered. For guidance on the geotechnical aspects of the use of soil materials as construction material, reference should be made to other relevant International Standards (e.g. those produced by ISO/TC 182, Geotechnics in t
33、he field of civil engineering) or national standards. The way the soil is handled after excavation may affect soil properties. Some suggestions regarding good practice in soil handling and related practice and monitoring after placement are provided in annex B. BSISO15176:2002vINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR
34、 IS:67151 O2002(E)I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Soil quality Characterization of excavated soil and other soil materials intended for re-use 1 Scope This International Standard provides guidance on the range of tests that may be necessary to characterize soil materials intended to be excavated and
35、re-used, with or without preliminary treatment. Soil materials include excavated soil, dredged materials, fill materials, manufactured soils and soil treated to remove or destroy contaminants. It takes into account the different requirements of top soil, sub-soil and other soil materials such as sed
36、iments or treated soils. International Standard methods are listed where available. The test methods are intended to cover a range of possible end uses, such as: play areas for small children, including nursery schools, kindergardens, etc., schools, gardens and other residential areas, allotments, h
37、orticulture, agriculture, forestry, recreational areas, e.g. parks, sport fields, restoration of damaged ecosystems, construction sites. It is intended to be of use in determining the suitability of soil materials for re-use, and the assessment of the environmental impacts that might arise from re-u
38、se. This International Standard is not applicable to the placement of soil materials in an aqueous environment or to restore underground workings. It does not address geotechnical requirements when soil materials are to be used as construction material. 2 Normative reference The following normative
39、document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are e
40、ncouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For BSISO15176:20021IS:67151 O2002(E) 2 I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevrundated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
41、maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 11259, Soil quality Simplified soil description 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Types of soil and other soil materials 3.1.1 soil upper layer of
42、the earths crust composed of mineral parts, organic substance, water, air and living matter ISO 11074-1 3.1.2 top soil upper part of a natural soil which is generally dark-coloured and has a higher humus and nutrient content when compared to the subsoil below ISO 11074-4 3.1.3 sub-soil material unde
43、rlying the topsoil and overlying the solid (parent) rock beneath NOTE All or much of the original rock structure has usually been obliterated by pedogenic processes. 3.1.4 soil material excavated soil, dredged materials, manufactured soils, treated soils and fill materials 3.1.5 excavated soil any n
44、atural material excavated from the ground, including top soil, sub soil, altered parent rock and parent rock itself NOTE Excavated soil typically arises during construction works. 3.1.6 manufactured soil manufactured soil material manufactured product intended to perform specified soil functions pro
45、duced by blending combinations of natural, waste or manufactured materials with the addition of nutrients or other additives when necessary 3.1.7 treated soil soil that has been subjected to a process-based treatment method 3.1.8 dredged material material excavated during maintenance, construction,
46、reconstruction and extension measures from waters NOTE Dredged material may consist of: sediments or subhydric soils, soils and their parent material beneath the surface water body. BSISO15176:20022IS:67151 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 33.1.9 fill material made ground mixed natural (often
47、displaced or disturbed) soil materials and other materials characteristic of urban and industrial sites EXAMPLES Building rubble, timber and other wastes. 3.2 Soil characteristics 3.2.1 soil function use of soil which is significant to man and the environment NOTE Important soil functions are: contr
48、ol of substance and energy cycles as compartments of ecosystems; basis for the production of agricultural products; basis for the life of plants, animals and man; carrier of genetic reservoir; basis for the stability of buildings; buffer inhibiting movement of water, contaminents or other agents int
49、o the groundwater; reservoir of archeological remains; reservoir of paleoecological remains. NOTE Adapted from ISO 11074-4. 3.2.2 background concentration concentration of a substance characteristic of a soil type in an area or region arising from both natural sources and non-natural diffuse sources such as atmospheric deposition cf. natural background concentration (3.2.4) NOTE It is commonly expressed in terms of an av
