1、BS ISO15484:2008ICS 43.040.40,NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDRoad vehicles Brake lining frictionmaterials Productdefinition and qualityassuranceThis British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStrategy Committee on
2、 30November 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 57246 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 15484:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 15484:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AUE/11, Braking sys
3、tems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfro
4、m legal obligations.BS ISO 15484:2008Reference numberISO 15484:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO15484First edition2008-08-01Road vehicles Brake lining friction materials Product definition and quality assurance Vhicules routiers Matriaux de friction pour garnitures de freins Dfinition du pro
5、duit et assurance qualit BS ISO 15484:2008ISO 15484:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the
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8、m the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without
9、permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights
10、reservedBS ISO 15484:2008ISO 15484:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2 5 Product quality preplanning and test plan. 3 5.1 General. 3 5.2 Procedure 3 5.3
11、Phases of product quality preplanning 4 5.4 Test plan 4 6 Checks and requirements Brake lining complete. 8 6.1 General (visual, dimensional and material checks) 8 6.2 Physical properties. 9 6.3 Corrosion (backing plate and shoe surface treatment) 12 6.4 Friction performance passenger cars 12 6.5 Fri
12、ction performance commercial vehicles . 13 7 Documentation in the lining data sheet (LDS). 14 8 Ongoing production monitoring . 14 Annex A (informative) Example of lining data sheet (LDS) 15 Bibliography . 20 BS ISO 15484:2008ISO 15484:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the Interna
13、tional Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has be
14、en established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical stan
15、dardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies fo
16、r voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or al
17、l such patent rights. ISO 15484 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 2, Braking systems and equipment. BS ISO 15484:2008ISO 15484:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved vIntroduction Drum and disc brake friction materials are important functional parts of the w
18、heel brakes. They are pressed against the rotating brake drum or disc by a clamping force applied by the actuating mechanism of the brake during a braking operation. The kinetic energy of the vehicle is thereby largely transformed into heat. The brake pad or lining is of essential importance for the
19、 effectiveness and user comfort of the brake system. Disc brake pads consist of the friction material itself, the pad carrier plate and, in some cases, silencing parts, pad wear warning devices and retaining or guiding elements. The friction material is usually permanently bonded to the backing plat
20、e by a bonding process in which the friction material is subjected to both heat and pressure. Underlayers can be inserted between the friction material and backing plate to improve bond strength and other properties. Drum brake linings consist of the friction material itself, usually shaped to match
21、 the radius of the brake shoe onto which it is subsequently attached. The friction material is usually attached to the supporting brake shoe either by bonding or by the use of rivets. Conventional friction materials consist mainly of fibrous materials, bonding agents, anti-seize agents, metals and o
22、ther fillers. The friction material type, and any backing plates, anti-noise measures, pad springs and pad wear warning devices, etc., are defined in the relevant figure. The basic aim of this International Standard is: to ensure the product is verified and validated during all project phases for tr
23、ansfer into series production; to increase product reliability and at the same time limit the cost of testing; to identify the necessary test standards to equally cover brake performance and noise. Visibility of production spread and the opportunity to select parts for testing from assorted areas of
24、 compressibility are the main reasons for the statistical evaluation. The procedures described in this International Standard are based on ISO/TS 16949 and encompass the entire product quality preplanning process, from the definition phase up to the determination of parameters for series production.
25、 These are defined in this International Standard as phases 1 to 7. BS ISO 15484:2008BS ISO 15484:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15484:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Road vehicles Brake lining friction materials Product definition and quality assurance 1 Scope The procedures in this Internati
26、onal Standard apply to disc brake pads and drum brake linings for motor vehicles and describe systematic processes for the quality assurance of such brake linings. In conjunction with tolerance ranges, the test methods and results described in this International Standard permit a rapid assessment of
27、 disc brake pads. Uniform handling of the procedures through various phases ensures that the quality assurance requirements are clearly understood and that a global implementation is possible in the relationship between customers and suppliers. This International Standard relates to the completed fr
28、iction material and is applicable during product development to the quality assurance of ongoing series production, focussing on the “component” friction material. It is advisable that tests with apparent “system” character be avoided. Raw material checks and processing control are outside the scope
29、 of this International Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) ap
30、plies. ISO 2812-1, Paints and varnishes Determination of resistance to liquids Part 1: Immersion in liquids other than water ISO 6310, Road vehicles Brake linings Compressive strain test method ISO 6312, Road vehicles Brake linings Shear test procedure for disc brake pad and drum brake shoe assembli
31、es ISO/PAS 22574, Road vehicles Brake linings friction materials Visual inspection ISO 26865, Road vehicles Brake lining friction materials Standard performance test procedure for commercial vehicles with air brakes ISO 26866, Road vehicles Brake lining friction materials Standard wear test procedur
32、e for commercial vehicles with air brakes ISO 26867, Road vehicles Brake lining friction materials Friction behaviour assessment for automative brake systems ISO 27667, Road vehicles Brake lining friction materials Evaluation of corrosion effects on painted backing plates and brake shoes BS ISO 1548
33、4:2008ISO 15484:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reservedJASO C458-86, Test procedure of pH for brake linings, pads and clutch facings of automobiles JIS D 4311, Clutch facings for automobile JIS D 4421, Method of hardness test for brake linings, pads and clutch facings of automobiles SAE J2598, Automo
34、tive disc brake pad natural frequency and damping test SAE J2694, Anti-noise shims: T-Pull test 1)SAE J2707, Wear test procedure on inertia dynamometer for brake friction materials SAE J2724, Measurement of disc brake friction material underlayer distribution 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes
35、 of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 density ratio of the mass to the volume of the friction material under normal conditions 3.2 porosity P relative volume proportion of cavities in a material NOTE This includes open or enclosed pores of any size, shape and distribution
36、. 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms Symbol Definition Unit density g/cm3netabsolute or real density without pore volume g/cm3mapad mass in air for density measurements g mwpad mass in water for density measurements g V pad volume for density measurements cm3P porosity % TRroom temperature C pBbrake pr
37、essure kPa Mdtorque Nm WBpad wear mm/g Wsdisc wear mm/g coefficient of friction 1) In preparation. BS ISO 15484:2008ISO 15484:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 35 Product quality preplanning and test plan 5.1 General The test requirements for the various phases are defined in the different test p
38、lans for passenger cars and commercial vehicles in 5.4. The development phase of prototypes (phases 1 to 4) describes the systematics and tests used in the manufacture of brake linings from tools not yet meeting series standards. The end of phase 4 is the technical product release. The production tr
39、ansfer and initial sampling (phases 5 and 6) describes the required scope of testing for the assessment of the initial production series with the tools and processes intended for the series. The validation of the manufacturing process is proven by documentation and assessment of the results during i
40、nitial series production (phase 6). The test volume during the continuing series production monitoring (phase 7) lies within the responsibility of the pad manufacturer and is documented in the control plan (CP) which also includes the details for the in-process inspection as well as for the incoming
41、 inspection of purchased parts like raw materials, backing plates, shims and accessories. Based on the level of in-process controls, the test efforts on the final product should be minimized and some tests, such as friction tests, may not be needed for each single batch. In any case, the frequency a
42、nd sample size has to be defined in the CP. The chemical-physical brake lining data of the tests listed below include performance and/or characteristic data which result from a process chain. Any requirements of process capability indices and statistical process control need to be agreed between the
43、 customer and the supplier. Agreed tolerances, however, have to be respected. 5.2 Procedure 5.2.1 General procedure The approval of brake linings is made by vehicle testing and a concurrent determination of its properties by the test standards listed here. The manufacturer of brake linings ensures t
44、hat the parameters, the composition and the monitoring of the specified process parameters are maintained by regulated and auditable procedures. The determination of performance data via the test standards listed here at the end of this process chain and comparison with the tolerance serves as confi
45、rmation that the prescribed procedures were correctly performed. The time delay between processing and testing does not permit process intervention such as SPC (statistical process control). Determination of performance data on completed brake linings during a batch test serves as continuing proof o
46、f conformity and permits the observation of trends. The tolerance range for these data is determined as described in 5.2.2 to 5.2.5 below. 5.2.2 Prototyping Customer samples (phase 4) Initial specification of tolerances are determined from the values of the batch tests of the prototype sampling. The
47、 assessment takes account of the data of the variant then approved. The tolerances arising from the approved prototypes are registered in the lining data sheet (LDS). BS ISO 15484:2008ISO 15484:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved5.2.3 Specification/validation (phases 5 and 6) Results are obtained
48、 from the batches of the product transferred to series production, under the condition that the composition, the process, the brake, disc or drum and geometry are determined and comply with the state of the series. The results are verified with the customer. Variations to the tolerances shall be agr
49、eed with the customer and results shall be recorded on the lining data sheet (LDS). Specifications of tolerance are agreed with the customer viewing the data, using statistical analyses as appropriate. 5.2.4 Series monitoring (phase 7) The ongoing surveillance of the series production (phase 7) shall be in accordance with the test frequencies and sample size which are fixed in a control plan by the manufacturer based on the process controls on series production. 5.2.5 Review of tole
