1、BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 15849:2001IncorporatingAmendment No. 1Ships and marine technology Guidelines for implementation of a fleet management system networkICS 47.020.99; 35.240.60g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g
2、54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS ISO 15849:2001This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on
3、 29 November 2001 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 38726 7National forewordThis British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 15849:2001, including amendment 1:2003, and implements it as the UK national standard.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee SME/32, Ships and marine techn
4、ology, to Subcommittee SME/32/10, Computer applications, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document
5、 may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. User
6、s are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change,
7、 and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to vi, pages 1 to 27 and a back cover.The BSI copyright date displayed in
8、this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments16266 28 April 2006 Addition of Annex AINTERNATIONALSTANDARDISO15849First edition2001-11-01Reference numberShips and marine technology Guidelinesfor implementation of a fleet management
9、system networkNavires et technologie maritime Lignes directrices pour la mise enoeuvre dun systme de management dune flotte par rseauISO 15849:2001 + A1:2003(E)ISO 15849:2001(E)iiFDP dicslaimreThis FDP fam elitnoc yt deddebme niayfep.seca In roccatiw ecnadA hycilop gnisnecil sebod, thf sim eliarp eb
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14、ghtsio.chWeb wwwsi.oc.hISO 15849:2001(E)iiiContents Page1 Scope . 12 Terms and definitions 13 Abbreviated terms 34 FMS network architecture . 34.1 General architecture 34.2 Network design 44.3 Network management . 44.4 Network security 54.5 Encryption . 54.6 Database model 54.7 Database management s
15、ystem (DBMS) . 55 Shipboard information technology platform (SITP) . 65.1 Introduction 65.2 The SITP data acquisition service . 65.3 SITP executive services 75.4 Communications services 105.5 SITP underlying system service 116 Land-based information technology platform (LITP) . 126.1 General 126.2 D
16、ata acquisition services . 126.3 Executive services . 126.4 Communications manager . 126.5 Configuration manager 127 Application program interfaces (APIs) 127.1 Introduction 127.2 Overview of APIs . 127.3 API applications . 137.4 API levels of implementation . 138 System hardware 148.1 System hardwa
17、re . 148.2 Communications bus . 149 Fault tolerance 149.1 Fault tolerance . 149.2 Robustness 1410 Demonstration and validation . 1510.1 General 1510.2 Test philosophy 1510.3 System hardware test 1510.4 LAN software assessment . 15ISO 15849:2001(E)iv10.5 Tests and trials . 1511 Quality plan . 1611.1
18、General 1611.2 Design and testing of the computer services . 1612 Operation and maintenance . 1713 Human interface . 1713.1 General 1713.2 Visual display unit (VDU) . 1713.3 Screen image paging . 1714 Training and documentation 1714.1 General 1714.2 Documentation 18Bibliography. 19Annex A 20ISO 1584
19、9:2001(E)vForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISOmember bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technicalcommittees. Each member body interested in a subject for wh
20、ich a technical committee has been established hasthe right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, inliaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC) on all mat
21、ters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.Publication as an International Standard
22、requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject ofpatent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.International Stan
23、dard ISO 15849 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology,Subcommittee SC 10, Computer applications.,62 WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 2UJDQLDWLRQ IRU 6WDQGDUGLDWLRQ LV D ZRUOGZLGH IHGHUDWLRQ RI QDWLRQDO VWDQGDUGV ERGLHV ,62 PHPEHU ERGLHV 7KH ZRUN RI SUHSDULQJ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6WDQGDU
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25、UN ,62 FROODERUDWHV FORVHO ZLWK WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO (OHFWURWHFKQLFDO b) data integrity;c) data authentication;d) access control.4.5 EncryptionRadio communications between SITPs and LITPs are exposed to electronic monitoring, and messages transmittedin clear text will be exposed to eavesdropping and int
26、rusion. Data encryption is the most effective protection againstsuch intrusions and should be available for security sensitive communications. The encryption protocol shouldprovide for multiple algorithms and the assignment of separate algorithms for different types of data. A criticalelement of the
27、 encryption program is the control of data encyphering and data decyphering keys (a key managementsystem). This system is responsible for key origination, application, recording, assignment and deletion.4.6 Database modelDatabase maintenance and availability are key features of the FMS. Each SITP an
28、d LITP will maintain separatedatabases. Each site will incorporate a DBMS, including replication capability, as part of the SITP or LITP installation.This DBMS should be independent of the core management software. Data modelling embraces the concept thatdata should be structured in a neutral format
29、 separate from the applications software allowing for the exchange ofdata between applications using the same data model.4.7 Database management system (DBMS)4.7.1 GeneralThe database management system supports a data repository that provides for storage of data in digital form andmanagesa) persiste
30、nt storage of data collected by the system,b) data replication on demand, scheduled or event driven,c) integration of information at multiple remote sites,d) open database connectivity,e) query language,f) concurrency/multiple users,g) referential integrity, andh) translators for applicable data mod
31、els.5ISO 15849:2001(E)4.7.2 Database securityThe DBMS should incorporate protection against improper access, improper modification of data (ensure data integrity), and improper denial of access;It should provide for the following features.a) Operational integrity. This addresses the serialization an
32、d isolation properties of transactions. Serializationmeans that the concurrent run of a set of transactions will give identical results as a sequential run of the sameset of transactions.b) Logical integrity of data allowed range.c) Accountability and auditing record of all read or write access to d
33、ata.d) Privacy control of employment, medical records, etc.e) Delimitation control of information transfer between programs.5 Shipboard information technology platform (SITP)5.1 IntroductionThe SITP consists of the software and hardware required to support a distributed computing network based on th
34、eclient/server model. In general, the SITP will be optimized to respond to a single LITP. For cases where the SITP willrespond to multiple shoreside platforms, a hierarchy should be defined. The SITP consists of layers of computerservices and underlying layers of system services, including a NOS and
35、 a DBMS.5.2 The SITP data acquisition serviceThe SITP data acquisition service is responsible for communicating with the various shipboard control systems ordata collection units in order to acquire operating data. The SITP data acquisition is responsible for the orderlyregistration, control, audit
36、and monitoring of SITP-compliant software processes on the server and supportedworkstations for data acquisition. The SITP data acquisition should provide a framework in which custom interfacescan be developed to a variety of control systems and data acquisition units. Data from the control systems
37、should bestored in the SITP database and be available for analysis and diagnostic applications software on the network. Thisdata can also be transmitted to shore-based monitoring services through the communications network usinggateways to provide one-way communications where required for control sy
38、stem isolation. A key objective of theSITP is to facilitate sharing of data among shipboard systems.The SITP data acquisition service allows the shipboard fleet management systems to acquire information fromsensors or databases in protected systems, e.g navigation and control systems. As the protect
39、ed systems are criticalfor the safety of the ship, access to these systems should normally be through a firewall that can guarantee theintegrity of the protected systems. The firewall will normally be considered as part of the protected systems and,hence, need to comply with appropriate class and re
40、gulatory requirements. These requirements are not addressedby this International Standard.It shall be possible to manually input any shipboard information, which is required for the purpose of fleetmanagement, and is not available directly from other systems.6ISO 15849:2001(E)5.3 SITP executive serv
41、ices5.3.1 GeneralThe standard SITP executive services, as indicated in Figure 2, are required in order to provide overall command andcontrol of the SITP. The SITP executive has overall responsibility to monitor the SITP and control the distributedprocesses that operate as platform services. The SITP
42、 executive itself is a series of services, each of which areresponsible for specific tasks. The SITP provides a layer of insulation and control between high and low levelprocesses. It utilizes a set of structured APIs and internal communication channels for message exchange.The following sections de
43、scribe the services that may be provided by the SITP executive. These services are eachresponsible for the orderly registration, control, audit and monitoring of SITP-compliant software processes on theserver and supported workstations for their specific function. All management data recorded throug
44、h an SITPexecutive process is available to any other SITP-compliant process.5.3.2 Process managementProcess management refers to starting, staging, pausing, resuming and stopping a process. An SITP process maybe an SITP internal process, network operating system process, or an SITP-compliant applica
45、tion. The processmanagement interfaces with the SITP-compliant process through the SITP APIs and with the process managementdatabase. Each physical computer within the SITP will have a process management function. All SITP processes areregistered in the process management database that describes the
46、 important attributes of the process. All processmanagement information is available to SITP applications.5.3.3 Messaging managementThe SITP messaging management interfaces with an SITP-compliant process through the SITP API for applicationsto transport data among all registered entities on the SITP
47、 WAN. This will allow applications to send and receivearbitrary data to and from any other SITP application. This includes ship to shore, ship to ship and shore to ship. Themessaging management should allow for orderly classification of communication endpoints. The messagingmanagement will use commu
48、nications facilities as a transport mechanism for inter-application messages. Thecommunication abstraction provided by the messaging management allows for additional transport mechanisms tobe used in the future.Figure 2 SITP architecture7ISO 15849:2001(E)5.3.4 Replication managementThe SITP replication management uses a generalized mechanism that
