1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS ISO 15859-5:2004 Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and test methods Part 5: Nitrogen tetroxide propellants ICS 49.140 BS ISO 15859-5:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and S t r a t e g y C o m m i t t
2、 e e o n 12 August 2004 BSI 12 August 2004 ISBN 0 580 44269 1 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 15859-5:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee ACE/68, Space systems and operations,
3、 to Subcommittee ACE/68/-/3, Operations and ground support, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this doc
4、ument may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract
5、. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for c
6、hange, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. Th
7、e BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 15859-5:2004(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15859-5 First edition 2004-06-01 Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and
8、test methods Part 5: Nitrogen tetroxide propellants Systmes spatiaux Caractristiques, chantillonnage et mthodes dessai des fluides Partie 5: Ergols base de ttraoxyde dazote BSISO158595:2004 ii BSISO158595:2004 iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federa
9、tion of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committ
10、ee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance
11、 with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires ap
12、proval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15859-5 was prepared by Technical Co
13、mmittee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 14, Space systems and operations. ISO 15859 consists of the following parts, under the general title Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and test methods: Part 1: Oxygen Part 2: Hydrogen Part 3: Nitrogen Part 4: Helium Part 5:
14、 Nitrogen tetroxide propellants Part 6: Monomethylhydrazine propellant Part 7: Hydrazine propellant Part 8: Kerosine propellant Part 9: Argon Part 10: Water Part 11: Ammonia Part 12: Carbon dioxide Part 13: Breathing air BSISO158595:2004iv Introduction Fluid operations at a spaceport or launch site
15、may involve a number of operators and supplier/customer interfaces, from the fluid production plant to the delivery to the launch vehicle or spacecraft. The purpose of ISO 15859 is to establish uniform requirements for the components, sampling and test methods of fluids used in the servicing of laun
16、ch vehicles, spacecraft and ground support equipment. The fluid composition limits specified are intended to define the purity and impurity limits of the fluid for loading into the launch vehicle or spacecraft. The fluid sampling and test methods are intended to be applied by any operator. The fluid
17、 sampling and test methods are acceptable methods for verification of the fluid composition limits. BSISO158595:2004 1Space systems Fluid characteristics, sampling and test methods Part 5: Nitrogen tetroxide propellants 1 Scope This part of ISO 15859 specifies limits for the chemical composition and
18、 physical properties of propellants based on nitrogen tetroxide (N 2 O 4 )-based propellants and establishes the sampling and test requirements applicable for the verification of the nitrogen tetroxide composition. This part of ISO 15859 is applicable to N 2 O 4 -based propellants, used as oxidizers
19、 in propellant systems of space systems as well as in both flight hardware and ground facilities, systems and equipment, of the following types and grades. Types NTO: N 2 O 4with red-brown colour, MON-1: N 2 O 4and NO with green colour, MON-3: N 2 O 4and NO with green colour, MON-10: N 2 O 4and NO w
20、ith green colour, MON-25: N 2 O 4and NO with green colour; Grades standard: no iron requirement, low-iron: 0,5 g/g or 1,0 g/g iron maximum. This part of ISO 15859 is applicable to influents only within the specified limits herein. This part of ISO 15859 is applicable to any sampling operation requir
21、ed to ensure that, when the fluid enters the launch vehicle or spacecraft, the fluid composition complies with the limits provided hereafter or with any technical specification agreed to for a particular use. NOTE NTO is the acronym for nitrogen tetroxide and MON is the acronym for mixed oxides of n
22、itrogen. BSISO158595:20042 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
23、 ISO 9000, Quality management systems Fundamentals and vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 9000 and the following apply. 3.1 particulate matter undissolved solids retained on a filter paper with a 10 m nominal and 40 m absolute
24、 rating 3.2 verification test analysis performed on the fluid in the container, or a sample thereof, which is representative of the supply, permitting the verification of fluid composition limits 4 Chemical composition and physical properties 4.1 Chemical composition Unless otherwise provided in an
25、applicable technical specification, the chemical composition and physical properties of N 2 O 4 -based propellants delivered to the flight vehicle interface shall be in accordance with the limits given in Table 1 when tested in accordance with the applicable test methods. Table 1 Composition limits
26、Limits Component NTO (red- brown) MON-1 (green) MON-3 (green) MON-10 (green) MON-25 (green) N 2 O 4Mass fraction, %, min. 99,5 97,0 88,8 max. a 1,0 3,0 11,0 26,0 Nitric oxide (NO) Mass fraction, %, min. a 0,6 1,5 10,0 25,0 N 2 O 4+ NO Mass fraction, %, min. 99,5 99,5 99,5 Water equivalent Mass fract
27、ion, %, max. 0,17 0,17 0,20 0,20 0,17 Chlorides Mass fraction, %, max. 0,040 0,040 0,040 0,040 0,040 Nonvolatile residue bmg/l, max. 10,0 10,0 10,0 10,0 Iron bg/g, max. 0,5 1,0 1,0 0,5 Particulate matter mg/l, max. 10,0 10,0 10,0 a The NO content shall be limited to that which does not change the sp
28、ecified red-brown colour of the propellant. b This requirement applies to the low-iron grade of the propellant only.BSISO158595:2004 34.2 Physical properties The propellant shall be a homogeneous liquid when examined visually by transmitted light. The NTO shall be red-brown in colour; the MON shall
29、be green in colour. 5 Procurement The nitrogen tetroxide propellant types and grades specified in Clause 1 should be procured in accordance with an applicable national standard. 6 Fluid sampling CAUTION Nitrogen-tetroxide-based propellants, in the liquid or vapour form, are strong oxidizers and are
30、toxic and volatile. Care should be taken in the handling and storage of nitrogen tetroxide to prevent contact with the human body and with materials that are not compatible with nitrogen tetroxide. 6.1 Plan In order to ensure that the fluid composition complies with the limits specified in this part
31、 of ISO 15859, a fluid sampling plan should be established by all the involved operators, from the production to the space vehicle interface, and approved by the final user. Sampling activities and test methods shall comply with all safety regulations and rules applicable to that task. This plan sha
32、ll specify the sampling points, the sampling procedures, the sampling frequency, the sample size, the number of samples, the test methods, and the responsibilities of any involved operator. 6.2 Responsibility for sampling Unless otherwise provided in an applicable technical specification, the nitrog
33、en tetroxide delivered to the flight vehicle interface shall be sampled and verified by the supplier responsible for providing the nitrogen tetroxide to the flight vehicle. The supplier may use his/her or any other resources suitable for the performance of the verification tests specified herein unl
34、ess otherwise directed by the customer. 6.3 Sampling points Unless otherwise specified, sampling shall be conducted at the fluid storage site or the flight vehicle interface. 6.4 Sampling frequency Sampling shall be performed annually or in accordance with a time agreed upon by the supplier and the
35、customer. BSISO158595:20044 6.5 Sample size The quantity in a single sample container shall be sufficient to perform the analysis for the limiting characteristics. If a single sample does not contain a sufficient quantity to perform all of the analyses for the required quality verification test, add
36、itional samples shall be taken under similar conditions. 6.6 Number of samples The number of samples shall be in accordance with one of the following: a) one sample per storage container; b) any number of samples agreed upon by the supplier and the customer. 6.7 Storage container Unless otherwise pr
37、ovided by the applicable sampling plan, the fluid storage container shall not be refilled after the sample is taken. 6.8 Liquid samples Liquid samples shall be a typical specimen from the liquid nitrogen tetroxide supply. Samples shall be obtained in accordance with one of the following. a) By filli
38、ng the sample container and storage containers at the same time, on the same manifold, and under the same conditions and with the same procedure. b) By withdrawing a sample from the supply container through a suitable connection into the sample container. For safety reasons, the sample container and
39、 sampling system shall have a rated service pressure at least equal to the pressure in the supply container. 6.9 Rejection When any sample of the fluid tested in accordance with Clause 7 of this part of ISO 15859 fails to conform to the requirements specified herein, the fluid represented by the sam
40、ple shall be rejected. Disposal of the rejected fluid shall be specified by the customer. 7 Test methods 7.1 General The supplier will ensure, by standard practice, the quality level of nitrogen tetroxide. If required, alternate test methods are described in 7.3 to 7.10. Other test methods not liste
41、d in this part of ISO 15859 are acceptable if agreed upon between the supplier and the customer. These tests are a single analysis or a series of analyses performed on the fluid to ensure the reliability of the storage facility to supply the required quality level. This can be verified by analysis o
42、f representative samples of the fluid from the facility at appropriate intervals as agreed upon between supplier and the customer. Tests may be performed by the supplier or by a laboratory agreed upon between the supplier and the customer. The analytical requirements for the tests shall include the
43、determination of all limiting characteristics of nitrogen tetroxide. BSISO158595:2004 57.2 Parameters of analysis The parameters for analytical techniques contained in 7.3 to 7.10 are the following: a) purity and impurity contents shall be expressed as a percentage by mass (mass fraction, %) unless
44、otherwise specified; b) calibration standards containing the applicable liquid components may be required to calibrate the analytical instruments used to determine the limiting characteristic levels of fluid; c) if required by the customer, the accuracy of the measuring equipment used in preparing t
45、hese standards shall be traceable to an established institute for standards; d) analytical equipment shall be operated in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. 7.3 Nitrogen tetroxide purity The nitrogen tetroxide purity shall be determined by the following methods. a) A sample of the nitro
46、gen tetroxide is placed in a preweighed ampoule, sealed, and weighed. The ampoule is transferred to a sturdy glass bottle or flask containing 100 ml of demineralized water and 20 ml of a 30 % hydrogen peroxide solution and the container is sealed. The container is chilled and shaken to break the amp
47、oule and until all the fumes disappear. An air condenser is installed in the mouth of the container and the contents are heated (approximately 120 C) for approximately 45 min, using a moderate heat source. The container is cooled to room temperature and the contents are titrated to the yellow end po
48、int using a bromothymol blue indicator and a 0,5 mol/l sodium hydroxide solution. The mass fraction of nitrogen tetroxide is calculated from the data. This method provides the total quantity of N 2 O 4and nitric acid, not that of N 2 O 4alone. b) An indirect method where the amount of aggregate impu
49、rities is determined using the methods in 7.4 to 7.10. The mass fraction (%) of nitrogen tetroxide, w N2O4 , is the value obtained when the quantity of aggregate impurities, expressed as a mass fraction (%), is subtracted from 100. See the following. 24 2 3 N O H O(free) HNO NO 100 wwww = + + where w iis the mass fraction of component i, in %. The quantities of fr
