1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 15887:2013Space data and informationtransfer systems Losslessdata compressionBS ISO 15887:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementat
2、ion of ISO 15887:2013. Itsupersedes BS Z 17:2000 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ACE/68/-/7, Space systems and operations - Space dataand information transfer systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained o
3、n request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 79730 9ICS 49.140Compliance with a British
4、 Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 15887:2013Reference numberISO 15887:2013(E)ISO 2013INTERNATIONAL ST
5、ANDARD ISO15887Second edition2013-06-01Space data and information transfer systems Lossless data compression Systmes de transfert des informations et donnes spatiales Compression de donnes sans perte BS ISO 15887:2013ISO 15887:2013(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013 All rights reserved. Unless
6、 otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the add
7、ress below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 15887:2013ISO 15887:2013(E) ISO 2
8、013 All rights reserved iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested
9、 in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Comm
10、ission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents
11、should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for iden
12、tifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience
13、of users and does not constitute an endorsement. ISO 15887 was prepared by the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) (as CCSDS 121.0-B-2, May 2012) and was adopted (without modifications except those stated in Clause 2 of this International Standard) by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20,
14、 Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 13, Space data and information transfer systems. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15887:2000) and ISO 15887:2000/Cor.1:2009, which have been technically revised. BS ISO 15887:2013BS ISO 15887:2013INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO
15、15887:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1Space data and information transfer systems Lossless data compression 1 Scope This International Standard establishes a source-coding data-compression algorithm applied to digital data and specifies how these compressed data shall be inserted into source p
16、ackets for retrieval and decoding. Source coding for data compression is a method utilized in data systems to reduce the volume of digital data to achieve benefits in areas including, but not limited to, a) reduction of transmission channel bandwidth; b) reduction of the buffering and storage requir
17、ement; c) reduction of data-transmission time at a given rate. The characteristics of source codes are specified only to the extent necessary to ensure multi-mission support capabilities. This International Standard does not attempt to quantify the relative bandwidth reduction, the merits of each ap
18、proach discussed, or the design requirements for coders and associated decoders. Some performance information is included in Lossless Data Compression, CCSDS 120.0-G-2. This International Standard addresses only Lossless source coding, which is applicable to a wide range of digital data, both imagin
19、g and non-imaging, where the requirement is for a moderate data-rate reduction constrained to allow no distortion to be added in the data compression/decompression process. The decompression process is not addressed. The scope and field of application are furthermore detailed in subclause 1.3 of the
20、 enclosed CCSDS publication. 2 Requirements Requirements are the technical recommendations made in the following publication (reproduced on the following pages), which is adopted as an International Standard: CCSDS 121.0-B-2, May 2012, Data systems Lossless data compression. For the purposes of inte
21、rnational standardization, the modifications outlined below shall apply to the specific clauses and paragraphs of publication CCSDS 121.0-B-2. Pages i to vi This part is information which is relevant to the CCSDS publication only. Page 1-3 Add the following information to the reference indicated: 1
22、Document CCSDS 131.0-B-2, August 2011, is equivalent to ISO 22641:2012. BS ISO 15887:2013ISO 15887:2013(E) 2 ISO 2013 All rights reserved2 Document CCSDS 133.0-B-1, September 2003, is equivalent to ISO 22646:2005. 3 Document CCSDS 123.0-B-1, May 2012, is equivalent to ISO 18281:2013. 3 Revision of p
23、ublication CCSDS 121.0-B-2 It has been agreed with the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems that Subcommittee ISO/TC 20/SC 13 will be consulted in the event of any revision or amendment of publication CCSDS 121.0-B-2. To this end, NASA will act as a liaison body between CCSDS and ISO. BS IS
24、O 15887:2013Recommendation for Space Data System Standards LOSSLESS DATA COMPRESSION RECOMMENDED STANDARD CCSDS 121.0-B-2 BLUE BOOK May 2012 ISO 15887:2013(E)3 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 15887:2013ISO 15887:2013(E)4 ISO 2013 All rights reserved(Blank page) BS ISO 15887:2013CCSDS RECOMMENDED
25、STANDARD FOR LOSSLESS DATA COMPRESSION CCSDS 121.0-B-2 Page i May 2012 DEDICATION This document is dedicated to the memory of Mr. Warner H. Miller of NASA. Warner had been with the CCSDS since its beginning, and throughout the years he was a major contributor to numerous standards for error control
26、coding, radio frequency modulation, and data architecture. He initiated this data compression standard and saw its publication and use by many space missions. Warner was a superb technologist, a gentleman, and a friend always ready to help, especially young colleagues. Warner and his approach to wor
27、k and life in general will be deeply missed by his many friends and colleagues in the CCSDS. ISO 15887:2013(E)5 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 15887:2013CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR LOSSLESS DATA COMPRESSION CCSDS 121.0-B-2 Page ii May 2012 AUTHORITY Issue: Recommended Standard, Issue 2 Date:
28、May 2012 Location: Washington, DC, USA This document has been approved for publication by the Management Council of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) and represents the consensus technical agreement of the participating CCSDS Member Agencies. The procedure for review and auth
29、orization of CCSDS documents is detailed in Organization and Processes for the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems, and the record of Agency participation in the authorization of this document can be obtained from the CCSDS Secretariat at the address below. This document is published and m
30、aintained by: CCSDS Secretariat Space Communications and Navigation Office, 7L70 Space Operations Mission Directorate NASA Headquarters Washington, DC 20546-0001, USA ISO 15887:2013(E)6 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 15887:2013CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR LOSSLESS DATA COMPRESSION CCSDS 121.0-
31、B-2 Page iii May 2012 STATEMENT OF INTENT The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) is an organization officially established by the management of its members. The Committee meets periodically to address data systems problems that are common to all participants, and to formulate soun
32、d technical solutions to these problems. Inasmuch as participation in the CCSDS is completely voluntary, the results of Committee actions are termed Recommended Standards and are not considered binding on any Agency. This Recommended Standard is issued by, and represents the consensus of, the CCSDS
33、members. Endorsement of this Recommendation is entirely voluntary. Endorsement, however, indicates the following understandings: o Whenever a member establishes a CCSDS-related standard, this standard will be in accord with the relevant Recommended Standard. Establishing such a standard does not pre
34、clude other provisions which a member may develop. o Whenever a member establishes a CCSDS-related standard, that member will provide other CCSDS members with the following information: - The standard itself. - The anticipated date of initial operational capability. - The anticipated duration of ope
35、rational service. o Specific service arrangements shall be made via memoranda of agreement. Neither this Recommended Standard nor any ensuing standard is a substitute for a memorandum of agreement. No later than three years from its date of issuance, this Recommended Standard will be reviewed by the
36、 CCSDS to determine whether it should: (1) remain in effect without change; (2) be changed to reflect the impact of new technologies, new requirements, or new directions; or (3) be retired or canceled. In those instances when a new version of a Recommended Standard is issued, existing CCSDS-related
37、member standards and implementations are not negated or deemed to be non-CCSDS compatible. It is the responsibility of each member to determine when such standards or implementations are to be modified. Each member is, however, strongly encouraged to direct planning for its new standards and impleme
38、ntations towards the later version of the Recommended Standard. ISO 15887:2013(E)7 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 15887:2013CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR LOSSLESS DATA COMPRESSION CCSDS 121.0-B-2 Page iv May 2012 FOREWORD This Recommendation establishes a common framework and provides a common
39、basis for a Lossless data compression algorithm applicable to several different types of data. Through the process of normal evolution, it is expected that expansion, deletion, or modification of this document may occur. This Recommended Standard is therefore subject to CCSDS document management and
40、 change control procedures, which are defined in the Procedures Manual for the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems. Current versions of CCSDS documents are maintained at the CCSDS Web site: http:/www.ccsds.org/ Questions relating to the contents or status of this document should be address
41、ed to the CCSDS Secretariat at the address indicated on page i. ISO 15887:2013(E)8 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 15887:2013CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR LOSSLESS DATA COMPRESSION CCSDS 121.0-B-2 Page v May 2012 At time of publication, the active Member and Observer Agencies of the CCSDS were:
42、Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)/Italy. Member Agencies Canadian Space Agency (CSA)/Canada. Centre National dEtudes Spatiales (CNES)/France. China National Space Administration (CNSA)/Peoples Republic of China. Deutsches Zentrum fr Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR)/Germany. European Space Agency (ESA)/E
43、urope. Federal Space Agency (FSA)/Russian Federation. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)/Brazil. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)/Japan. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/USA. UK Space Agency/United Kingdom. Austrian Space Agency (ASA)/Austria. Observer Agen
44、cies Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BFSPO)/Belgium. Central Research Institute of Machine Building (TsNIIMash)/Russian Federation. China Satellite Launch and Tracking Control General, Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology (CLTC/BITTT)/China. Chinese Academy of Scien
45、ces (CAS)/China. Chinese Academy of Space Technology (CAST)/China. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)/Australia. CSIR Satellite Applications Centre (CSIR)/Republic of South Africa. Danish National Space Center (DNSC)/Denmark. Departamento de Cincia e Tecnologia Aero
46、espacial (DCTA)/Brazil. European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT)/Europe. European Telecommunications Satellite Organization (EUTELSAT)/Europe. Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA)/Thailand. Hellenic National Space Committee (HNSC)
47、/Greece. Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)/India. Institute of Space Research (IKI)/Russian Federation. KFKI Research Institute for Particle increases the maximum allowed value of the reference sample interval r from 256 to 4096; allows the use of a restricted set of code options; defines a
48、new subfield of the Source Configuration Field of the optional Compression Identification packet; (changes not affecting backward compatibility) adds guidance for selection of code option when two or more code options gave the same performance for a block; clarifies that the ID bits are to be includ
49、ed when selecting the coding option for a block; clarifies some text; adds a dedication to Warner Miller. NOTE Substantive changes from the original issue are identified by change bars in the inside margin. ISO 15887:2013(E)10 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 15887:2013CCSDS RECOMMENDED STANDARD FOR LOSSLESS DATA COMPRESSION CCSDS 121.0-B-2 Page vii May 2012 CONTENTS Section Page 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 1.1 PURPOSE . 1-1 1.2 SCOPE 1-1 1.3 APPLICABILI
