1、BS ISO 16063-32:2016Methods for the calibrationof vibration and shocktransducersPart 32: Resonance testing Testingthe frequency and the phase responseof accelerometers by means of shockexcitationBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 16063-32:2016 BRI
2、TISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO16063-32:2016. It supersedes BS 6955-14:1994 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GME/21/2, Mechanical vibration, shock and conditionmonitoring - Vibration and
3、 shock measuring instruments and testingequipment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Sta
4、ndards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 84127 9ICS 17.160Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2016.Am
5、endments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 16063-32:2016 ISO 2016Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 32: Resonance testing Testing the frequency and the phase response of accelerometers by means of shock excitationMthodes pour ltalonnage des
6、transducteurs de vibrations et de chocs Partie 32: Essais de rsonance Essai de la frquence et de la rponse de phase des acclromtres au moyen dexcitations par chocsINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16063-32First edition2016-09-15Reference numberISO 16063-32:2016(E)BS ISO 16063-32:2016ISO 16063-32:2016(E)ii IS
7、O 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on t
8、he internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09
9、47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 16063-32:2016ISO 16063-32:2016(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Factors influencing measurement reproducibility . 14 Apparatus and other devices . 24.1 Environmental conditions . 24.2 Reference shock ball . 24.2.1 General 24.2.2 Reference shock ba
10、ll dimensions 24.2.3 Options for the reference shock ball diameter range . 24.2.4 Requirements for the mounting surface and the thread tolerances of a reference shock ball 44.3 Impact ball 44.4 Signal analyser 44.5 Conditioning amplifier . 54.6 Auxiliary devices and means. 55 Procedure. 65.1 Assembl
11、ing the structure under test . 65.1.1 Mounting the accelerometer under test 65.1.2 Mounting a reference shock ball 65.1.3 Mounting the guidance tube for the impact ball 65.2 Connecting the instruments 75.3 Setting the signal analyser 75.3.1 Initializing the analyser . 75.3.2 Specifying the measureme
12、nt parameters 85.3.3 Configuring the display 85.3.4 Configuring the markers . 85.4 Testing 86 Processing the results . 96.1 Recording the time signal 96.2 Processing the time signal 97 Reporting the results 107.1 Reporting the measurement results 10 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS IS
13、O 16063-32:2016ISO 16063-32:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body int
14、erested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnic
15、al Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO docu
16、ments should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsib
17、le for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for
18、the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (T
19、BT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring, Subcommittee SC 3, Use and calibration of vibration and shock measuring instruments.This first edition of ISO 16063-32 cancels and
20、 replaces the first edition of ISO 5347-14:1993, which has been technically revised.ISO 16063 consists of the following parts, under the general title Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers: Part 1: Basic concepts Part 11: Primary vibration calibration by laser interferometry
21、 Part 12: Primary vibration calibration by the reciprocity method Part 13: Primary shock calibration using laser interferometry Part 15: Primary angular vibration calibration by laser interferometry Part 16: Calibration by Earths gravitation Part 17: Primary calibration by centrifuge Part 21: Vibrat
22、ion calibration by comparison to a reference transducer Part 22: Shock calibration by comparison to a reference transducer Part 31: Testing of transverse vibration sensitivity Part 32: Resonance testing Testing the frequency and the phase response of accelerometers by means of shock excitation Part
23、41: Calibration of laser vibrometers Part 42: Calibration of seismometers with high accuracy using acceleration of gravityiv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16063-32:2016ISO 16063-32:2016(E) Part 43: Calibration of accelerometers by model-based parameter identificationThe following parts are unde
24、r preparation: Part 33: Testing of magnetic field sensitivity ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 16063-32:2016BS ISO 16063-32:2016Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 32: Resonance testing Testing the frequency and the phase response of accelerometers by means of sho
25、ck excitation1 ScopeThis part of ISO 16063 lays down detailed specification for instruments and procedures of testing the frequency and the phase response of accelerometers by means of shock excitation. It applies to the accelerometers of the piezoelectric, piezoresistive and variable capacitance ty
26、pes with the damping ratio less than critical and in the frequency range up to 150 kHz.The method presumes that the frequency and the phase responses of the accelerometer under test gained by this method are the best possible characteristics for the mounted accelerometer on the condition that the re
27、commendations for mechanical mounting of accelerometer stated in ISO 5348 are fulfilled and that the mass of the reference shock ball exceeds at least three times the mass of the accelerometer under test.Phase response of the accelerometer under test gained by this method is considered to be some “v
28、irtual” characteristic of accelerometer presuming that there is zero phase shift between the input and output signals at a frequency of 0 Hz.NOTE 1 It is intended that the user be aware that for the same accelerometer in the field application, the frequency and the phase responses might be different
29、, depending on the mass and compliance of the test structure and the method of mounting. The method allows just a qualitative evaluation of the frequency and the phase response of accelerometers.NOTE 2 It is intended that the user does not try to get better resolution of the initial parts of the fre
30、quency and phase responses of the accelerometer under test than the dynamic range of the adequate characteristic provides it. The best use of the frequency and the phase responses of the accelerometer gained by this method are to get the best fit lines for the initial parts of the mentioned characte
31、ristics.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For updated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including an
32、y amendments) applies.ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring VocabularyISO 5347-22, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock pick-ups Part 22: Accelerometer resonance testing General methodsISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock Mechanical mounting of acceleromete
33、rs3 Factors influencing measurement reproducibilityThe limits of the uncertainty of the frequency response measurement shall be as follows.For the resonance frequency of the accelerometer under test, the absolute uncertainty is equal to the frequency analysis resolution and is an inverse value relat
34、ive to the time-record length of the INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16063-32:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16063-32:2016ISO 16063-32:2016(E)accelerometer signal. The recommended minimum number of lines in the frequency domain for this method is 400. Assuming that the resonance frequency i
35、s in the middle of the frequency span, the standard uncertainty for the resonance frequency is about 0,5 %.NOTE 1 This uncertainty is presumed to have a uniform distribution within the frequency resolution band.For the damping ratio of the accelerometer under test, the uncertainty is dependent on th
36、e signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement in a time domain.Assuming that the measurements are carried out so that the maximum signal value is close to the upper limit of the dynamic range of measuring instrument and that the typical damping ratio for the piezoelectric accelerometers is about 0,01,
37、the standard uncertainty for the damping ratio measurements is about 1 %.NOTE 2 The signal analyser used for the damping ratio measurements is supposed to have at least an 80 dB dynamic range.For the phase response of the accelerometer under test, the absolute uncertainty is equal to the amplitude r
38、esolution in phase; that means resolution in the amplitude of the measuring instrument, corrected by the phase noise suppression procedure for the unwrapped phase. For a typical 40 dB phase noise suppression, the resulting resolution in phase appears to be about 1 % or about 5 in phase domain.The me
39、ntioned uncertainties are the lowest values provided by the instruments, used for the acquisition of the time signal and the frequency analysis. The expanded uncertainties can be larger, depending on the complexity of the frequency response of the accelerometer under test.NOTE 3 To prove the robustn
40、ess of the measurements of the resonance frequency and damping ratio of the accelerometer under test, multiple measurements can be carried out.4 Apparatus and other devices4.1 Environmental conditionsThe equipment shall be capable of maintaining the following environmental conditions: room temperatu
41、re (23 5) C; relative humidity should be less than 90 %.4.2 Reference shock ball4.2.1 GeneralA reference shock ball for mounting an accelerometer under test shall be made of steel hardened to more than HRC50 and polished.NOTE A typical ball from a ball bearing is very convenient to answer this requi
42、rement.4.2.2 Reference shock ball dimensionsThe reference shock ball shall have a flat surface with a thread to mount the accelerometer under test (see Figure 1).4.2.3 Options for the reference shock ball diameter rangeThe requirements related to the actual dimensions to the shock balls are not very
43、 strict.On one hand, the diameter of the shock ball shall be small enough to provide its highest possible natural frequency.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16063-32:2016ISO 16063-32:2016(E)On the other hand, the diameter of the shock ball shall be large enough to get a mass of the reference sho
44、ck ball that exceeds three times the mass of the accelerometer under test.From the practical point of view for the majority of the accelerometers, the diameters of two balls are preferable: a ball with the dimensions D = 32 mm, B = 20 mm, L = 10 mm for the accelerometers with the natural frequencies
45、 lower than 100 kHz; a ball with the dimensions D = 19 mm, B = 10 mm, L = 7,5 mm for the accelerometers with the natural frequencies lower than 150 kHz.Other possible dimensions of the ball may also be used for the purpose of this test.Figure 1 Reference shock ball dimensionsNOTE 1 The following for
46、mulae can be used to calculate the natural frequencies of the ball.The natural frequency of the first rotatory resonance of the ball can be calculated from Formula (1):fcDballS1,834 6= (1)where cSis the velocity of the shear waves in steel (3 251 m/s).The natural frequency of the first radial resona
47、nce of the ball can be calculated from Formula (2):fcDballD0,816 0= (2)wherecDis the velocity of dilatation waves in steel (5 941 m/s);D is the diameter of the ball.The natural frequency of the first longitudinal resonance of the ball can be calculated from Formula (3):fcH=0,5E(3)where cEis the velo
48、city of the extension waves in steel (5 250 m/s).In practice, only Formula (3) provides the lowest frequency of the balls resonance and has to be taken into account.The shock pulse duration that is provided by this method is usually fairly large compared to the period of the natural oscillations of
49、the ball. That is why the natural resonances of the ball are not usually induced when using this method. Moreover, the accelerometer under test typically dampens the higher resonances ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16063-32:2016ISO 16063-32:2016(E)of the ball. So the user shall normally consider having the resonance frequency of an accelerometer under test to be at least not more than 1,5 times higher than the natural frequency of the ball:ffaccball1,5 (4)wherefaccis the resonance frequency o
