1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 16237:2015Mechanical joining Destructive testing of joints Specimen dimensions andtest procedure for cross-tensiontesting of single jointsBS ISO 16237:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16237:2015.The UK partici
2、pation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee WEE/29, Resistance welding.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for
3、its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 79724 8ICS 25.160.40Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and
4、Strategy Committee on 30 April 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 16237:2015 ISO 2015Mechanical joining Destructive testing of joints Specimen dimensions and test procedure for cross-tension testing of single jointsAssemblage mcanique Essais destructifs des soudures Dim
5、ensions des prouvettes et mode opratoire dessai de traction sur prouvettes en croixINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16237First edition2015-05-01Reference numberISO 16237:2015(E)BS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015All rights reserved. Unless o
6、therwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the addre
7、ss below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative
8、 references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Test specimens and types of tests . 25 Test equipment and test procedure 36 Failure mode . 47 Test report . 5Annex A (normative) Types of joint failure . 6Bibliography .12 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)Forewor
9、dISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
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11、trotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was d
12、rafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
13、rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not cons
14、titute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary information .The c
15、ommittee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes, Subcommittee SC 6, Resistance welding and allied mechanical joining.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)IntroductionThis International standard specifies the testing procedure and the spec
16、imen shapes for cross-tension testing of mechanical joints. Items to be reported after testing are the cross tension strength as well as the fracture modes, which are given as drawings as the type of joint failure. The International Standard also includes normative references, terms and definitions
17、and an example for a test report. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 16237:2015BS ISO 16237:2015Mechanical joining Destructive testing of joints Specimen dimensions and test procedure for cross-tension testing of single joints1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the geometry of the test sp
18、ecimens and the method for the cross-tension testing of single mechanical joints on single-lap test specimens up to a single sheet thickness of 4,5 mm.The term “sheet”, as used in this International Standard, includes extrusions and cast materials.The purpose of the cross-tension test is to determin
19、e the mechanical characteristics and the failure types of the joints made with different joining methods.This International Standard does not apply to civil engineering applications such as metal building and steel construction which are covered by other applicable standards.2 Normative referencesTh
20、e following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2768-1
21、, General tolerances Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual tolerance indicationsISO 7500-1, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/ compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system3
22、Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1cross-tension strengthCTSFmaxmaximum force, recorded in the test3.2cross-tension forceFforce, recorded in the test3.3crosshead displacementsdisplacement of the crosshead of the test equipment during
23、the cross-tension test3.4crosshead displacement at maximum forcesFmaxdisplacement at which the maximum force Fmaxis recordedINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16237:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)3.5crosshead displacement at 0,3 Fmaxs0,3Fmaxdisplacement at which 0,3F
24、maxis recorded after the peak value is achieved3.6crosshead displacement at fracturesfracturedisplacement at which fracture occurs4 Test specimens and types of testsThe configuration and dimensions are shown in Figure 1 and Table 1.allfDt2t1212Direction of forceKeya hole distance l specimen length t
25、2thickness sheet 2b specimen width lffree clamping length 1 mechanical jointD hole diameters t1thickness sheet 1 2 clamping area (shaded zone)Figure 1 Cross-tension specimen2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)Table 1 Dimensions of specimen (tolerances according to ISO 276
26、8-1)Specimen width b5001+mmSpecimen length l150050 ,mmHole distance a (100 0,2) mmHole diametersaD20007+ ,mmFree clamping length lf5410mmaHoles may not be necessary depending on the clamping device used.5 Test equipment and test procedureTesting is performed on a tensile testing machine, which satis
27、fies the requirements given in ISO 7500-1. The cross-tension force and the displacement shall be simultaneously measured during testing. All tests shall be carried out at room temperature until the joint fails.If a special clamping device is used, the shape and size shall be specified and recorded.C
28、rosshead separation rate of testing shall be (less than or) equal to 10 mm/min, and shall be kept constant during the test.The specimen deformation shall be measured as the displacement of the crosshead or by using appropriate displacement sensing equipment either directly from the specimen or indir
29、ectly from the crosshead position. When using signals from the cross head position, the signal should be corrected by the stiffness of the testing machine in question. Results of measurements can only be compared when the tests are performed under identical conditions. The type of measurement and th
30、e initial length shall be noted in the test protocol.The signals for force and specimen deformation during test shall be recorded as shown in Figure 2 so that each specific value shall be recorded in the test report.NOTE 1 If required, further characteristic data, e.g. 0,3 Fmax, can be determined ac
31、cording to the cross-tension diagram given in Figure 2.KeyF forces displacementFigure 2 Characteristic values of a force-displacement diagram for the cross-tension test ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)An example of a jig as shown in Figure 3 can be used for the cross-
32、tension testing of flat specimens.Dimensions in millimetres125010015012530M18517120532 1011121923 305012120Figure 3 Example of testing clampNOTE 2 It is important that no slippage occurs between the specimen and the clamping device during the test.6 Failure modeThe failure mode after cross-tension t
33、esting shall be classified according to Annex A.4 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)7 Test reportThe test report shall contain at least the following information:a) a reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 16237:2015;b) name of the examiner and/or the examinin
34、g body;c) date and signature of the examiner and/or the examining body;d) joining process and description of fasteners used;e) joining parameters, type of joining equipment, and material designation and dimensions of auxiliary materials;f) material designation of the joined parts or test specimen;g)
35、 specimen dimensions (including sheet thicknesses t1and t2);h) joining direction, stacking order, location of coated sides;i) type of testing equipment and settings;j) method of displacement measurement;k) individual, mean and standard deviations of the characteristic values, e.g. force, displacemen
36、t, yield strength;l) diagram force-displacement path;m) failure mode;n) deviations from this International Standard. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)Annex A (normative) Types of joint failureA.1 GeneralDepending on the joining technology, different types of failure ca
37、n occur. Some of these are specific to the joining technology employed and should be recorded in the test protocol. Typical failure modes for different joints are shown, by way of example, in Figures A.1 to A.7.In addition to the failure modes shown below, non-permissible sheet separation or deforma
38、tion can be defined as a failure criterion by the contracting parties.A.2 Typical failure modes of semi-tubular self-piercing rivet joints under cross-tension loada) Rivet pull out from the bottom sheet16237_ed1figA1b.epsb) Pull out of the rivet headc) Rivet failureFigure A.1 Typical failure modes o
39、f semi-tubular self-piercing rivet joints under cross-tension load6 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)A.3 Typical failure modes of solid self-piercing rivet joints under cross-tension loada) Rivet pull out from the bottom sheetb) Pull out of the rivet headc) Rivet failure
40、Figure A.2 Typical failure modes of solid self-piercing rivet joints under cross-tension loadA.4 Typical failure modes of clinch joints under cross-tension loada) Plug failure (pull out)b) Neck fracture ISO 2015 All rights reserved 7BS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)c) Neck fracture with plastic def
41、ormation (mixed mode failure)Figure A.3 Typical failure modes of clinch joints under cross-tension loadA.5 Typical failure modes of screwed joints under cross-tension loada) Thread in specimen stripped8 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)b) Clamped part failsFigure A.4 Exa
42、mples of failure modes of screwed joints under cross-tension loadA.6 Typical failure modes of joints made with self-clinching or self-piercing bolts under cross-tension loada) Failure by hole tearing out in the weaker sheet (or component) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 9BS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015
43、(E)b) Failure due to fracture of bolt shankFigure A.5 Typical failure modes of joints made with self-clinching or self-piercing nuts and bolts under cross-tension loadA.7 Typical failure modes of blind rivet joints under cross-tension loada) Case 1: Pull out of the blind rivet headb) Case 2: Blind r
44、ivet pull out from the bottom sheet10 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)c) Case 3: Failure of the blind rivetFigure A.6 Typical failure modes of blind rivet joints under cross-tension loadA.8 Typical failure modes of lock bolt joints under cross-tension loada) Case 1: Pul
45、l out of the lock bolt headb) Case 2: Lock bolt collar looseningc) Case 3: Lock bolt failureFigure A.7 Typical failure modes of lock bolt joints under cross-tension load ISO 2015 All rights reserved 11BS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E)Bibliography1 ISO 14272, Resistance welding Destructive testing o
46、f welds Specimen dimensions and procedure for cross tension testing of resistance spot and embossed projection welds12 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16237:2015BS ISO 16237:2015ISO 16237:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reservedICS 25.160.40Price based on 12 pagesThis page deliberately left blankBSI
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