1、BS ISO 16374:2016Evaluation method forcleanliness of magnesium andmagnesium alloy ingotsBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 16374:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16374:2016.The UK particip
2、ation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee NFE/35, Light metals and their alloys.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are respon
3、sible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 78092 9ICS 77.120.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards P
4、olicy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 16374:2016 ISO 2016Evaluation method for cleanliness of magnesium and magnesium alloy ingotsMthode dvaluation de la propret des lingots en magnsium et en alliages de mag
5、nsiumINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16374First edition2016-09-01Reference numberISO 16374:2016(E)BS ISO 16374:2016ISO 16374:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may
6、be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the r
7、equester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 16374:2016ISO 16374:2016(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Naked eye inspection . 15 Chemic
8、al composition analysis . 16 Brightness evaluation . 26.1 Principle of brightness evaluation . 26.2 Specimen preparation 26.3 Shape of jig 36.4 Brightness evaluation of the fracture surface 46.5 Others 57 Test report . 5Bibliography 6 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 16374:2016ISO
9、 16374:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject
10、for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) o
11、n all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted
12、. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying an
13、y or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of us
14、ers and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
15、 URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 79, Light metals and their alloys, Subcommittee SC 5, Magnesium and alloys of cast or wrought magnesium.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16374:2016INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16374:2016(E)Evaluation method
16、for cleanliness of magnesium and magnesium alloy ingots1 ScopeThis document describes a method to evaluate the cleanliness and the quality of magnesium and magnesium alloys ingots.The method includes naked eye inspection, the composition analysis and a brightness evaluation procedure based on an ISO
17、 standard.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (
18、including any amendments) applies.ISO 2470-1, Paper, board and pulps Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor Part 1: Indoor daylight conditions (ISO brightness)ISO 3116, Magnesium and magnesium alloys Wrought magnesium alloysISO 8287, Magnesium and magnesium alloys Unalloyed magnesium Chemica
19、l compositionISO 16220, Magnesium and magnesium alloys Magnesium alloy ingots and castings3 Terms and definitionsNo terms and definitions are listed in this document.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at ht
20、tp:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp4 Naked eye inspectionIdentify any presence of significant contraction or impurities on the surface of magnesium ingots. The decision on the quality of ingots by naked eye inspection should be agreed between th
21、e supplier and the purchaser.5 Chemical composition analysisAnalyse the content of alloying elements of ingots. The chemical composition methods can be selected by agreement between the supplier and the purchaser and shall be mentioned in the testing report. The chemical composition of magnesium and
22、 magnesium alloys is specified in ISO 8287, ISO 16220 and ISO 3116. The range of the composition of unspecified alloys or alloying elements can be determined by an agreement between the supplier and the purchaser. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16374:2016ISO 16374:2016(E)6 Brightness evaluatio
23、n6.1 Principle of brightness evaluationThe principle of the brightness evaluation is based on the specification given in ISO 2470-1. Diffused light beams from a standard testing machine are shed on a specimen. Beams reflected from the specimen surface pass through a specified glass filter and are su
24、bsequently measured by an optical cell or arranged diodes that respond to different effective wavelengths. The brightness can be evaluated directly from the output of the optical cell or obtained by assessment of the output from the diodes using an appropriate weight function.6.2 Specimen preparatio
25、nIn principle, the test specimen should be obtained directly from ingots or molten metals. The shape and dimension of the test specimen are shown in Figure 1. The specimen is machined directly from the ingot in use. When the specimen is obtained from molten metals, it is prepared by pouring the melt
26、 in a mould having appropriate shape and dimensions. In this case, the dimensions can be slightly modified except that of the neck area, which shall have 8 mm diameter since it is the dimension area of the testing machine.Dimensions in millimetresFigure 1 Shape and dimension of the test specimen obt
27、ained by machining from ingotsFigure 2 shows the shape and dimension of the mould to cast the brightness test specimen. The dimension of the inside area is the same as that shown in Figure 1. The design of the mould can be modified freely; it can be designed as a separate type such that the specimen
28、 is easily released as shown below.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16374:2016ISO 16374:2016(E)Dimensions in millimetresFigure 2 Shape and dimension of mould for brightness test specimen from molten metals6.3 Shape of jigA jig is used to break the neck area for brightness tests. Such a jig can b
29、e prepared in various ways with freedom so that the neck area can be fractured by repeated impacts. The outline of the jig shape is shown in Figure 3. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16374:2016ISO 16374:2016(E)Key1 specimen2 jig for fracture3 hammerFigure 3 Shape of jig and setup for fracturing
30、 the test specimen6.4 Brightness evaluation of the fracture surfaceImmediately after the fracture of the test specimen, the brightness of the fracture surface is evaluated by means of an appropriate instrument while rotating the specimen. The number of determination depends on rotation angles as sho
31、wn in Table 1. The final result is expressed by the average value of the test results obtained at each angle. The number of test specimen and determinations shall be specified by agreement between the supplier and the purchaser.Table 1 Number of determinations and rotation angles to evaluate brightn
32、ess of fracture surfaceNo. of measurement Rotation angle for each measurement3 0, 45, 908 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, 315The criteria to evaluate brightness for each alloy is shown in Table 2. The brightness data for alloys that are not shown in Table 2 can be deduced from the contents of major a
33、lloying elements and finally determined according to the agreements between the deliverer and the acceptor.4 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16374:2016ISO 16374:2016(E)Table 2 Criteria to evaluate brightness for each alloyMaterialsCriteria for brightnessMajor alloying element and its rangeAlloy d
34、esignationISO ASTMMg-9Al-1Zn above 48Al9,0 11,0MgAl9Zn1(B) AZ91CMgAl9Zn1(A) AZ91EAZ91BAZ91DMg-6Al-0,5Mn,Mg-5Al-0,5Mnabove 50Al5,0 7,5MgAl6Mn AM60BMgAl5Mn AM50AMg-3Al-1Zn above 51Al3,0 5,0MgAl3Zn1(A) AZ31AMgAl3Zn1(B) AZ31B6.5 OthersIn the case that there is a difficulty to obtain the full-specimen di
35、mension by machining or casting, the brightness can be evaluated by directly breaking the ingots or castings after agreement between the supplier and the purchaser. In this case, the diameter of the fractured surface should be at least 8 mm and recorded in final report in detail.7 Test reportThe tes
36、t report shall include the following information:a) the date of the test, identification of the testing organization and signature of the responsible person;b) the identification of the manufacturer, alloy designation, number of test specimens and number of test specimens;c) the identification of th
37、e sample;d) the specimen preparation method: casting, machining;e) the criteria for naked eye inspection and results;f) the chemical composition analysis method and results;g) the type of instrument used for the brightness evaluation: manufacturer, model;h) the conditions to evaluate the brightness
38、of fractured surfaces;i) the results of brightness evaluation;j) any departure from this document or any circumstances or influences that may affect the results. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 16374:2016ISO 16374:2016(E)Bibliography1 ISO 2469, Paper, board and pulps Measurement of diffuse radi
39、ance factor (diffuse reflectance factor)2 ISO 7724-1, Paints and varnishes Colorimetry Part 1: Principles3 ASTM E 1164, Standard practice for obtaining spectrophotometric data for object colour evaluation6 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16374:2016BS ISO 16374:2016ISO 16374:2016(E) ISO 2016 All r
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